Eating is a major event in life, and the question of eating iodine is really a science.
We know that iodine and thyroid are closely related, if the thyroid gland is the human body's synthesis of thyroxine "factory", then "iodine" is the basic raw material, eat less, eat more may have an impact on the human body.
Eating less iodine will not only lead to goiter and hypothyroidism, but also affect the development of physical intelligence if children are seriously deficient in iodine, and pregnant mothers may lead to premature birth, miscarriage and other adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Eating too much iodine can also be troublesome, which may cause a series of thyroid diseases: hyperiodiodo goiter, iodine hypothyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, etc.
Source: Tencent Medical Dictionary Medical Illustration
So some people wondered, "Is it because I'm eating too much iodized salt?" Do you want to continue eating iodized salt"?
The reason why we eat iodized salt is because the human body can only supplement iodine by ingestion, and most foods are naturally low in iodine.
Much of the continent is naturally iodine-deficient, and the incidence of endemic goiter (the legendary "big neck disease") was once high. After starting to eat iodized salt, the iodine malnutrition of the population has been significantly improved.
The 2018 iodine supplementation guidelines for Chinese residents recommend that the intake of iodine for healthy adults over 14 years old is 120 μg /day, and for people with normal thyroid, there is no need to worry too much about the problem of "eating iodine".
In the case of iodized salt, we consume about 5g of salt per day, from which we can get 100 micrograms of iodine, and the remaining 20 micrograms can be obtained from drinking water and food. Occasionally, if you accidentally "eat too much iodized salt", the body will also self-regulate and excrete some excess iodine.
Unless you eat a lot of iodine every day to abuse the thyroid gland, it will not lose its temper easily.
In a simple sentence, you should eat, drink, and eat normally.
Before answering this question, let's look at a set of data:
Among normal physical examinations, the palpation rate of thyroid nodules is about 3% to 7%, and the detection rate of high-resolution ultrasound is about 20% to 76%[1]. It can be seen that the incidence of thyroid nodules is indeed not low.
Studies have shown that mental workers (e.g., office workers) have a 1.31-fold risk of thyroid nodules about manual workers (e.g., outdoor workers) [2]. High level of education and greater work pressure are also related to the onset of thyroid nodules[3]
Source: Tencent Medical Dictionary Medical Illustration
The incidence of thyroid disease is elevated in two ways:
On the one hand, check the equipment upgrade. High-resolution color super popular application, micro nodule detection rate increased;
On the other hand, people's awareness of physical examination is increased, and thyroid nodules that were not obvious in the past will be detected earlier.
Studies have confirmed that too much or insufficient iodine intake can increase the prevalence of thyroid nodules, so it is necessary to eat iodine. Of course, thyroid nodules are also related to iodine intake, and are also related to radioactive exposure, autoimmunity, genetics and other factors. [2]
But if you just single out the saying that "Iodized salt eats too much", iodized salt is very innocent.
Image source: Stand Cool Helo
Thyroid disease is a common disease, multiple diseases, find out the problem of friends, a mention of iodine in food, first of all three points, how much to eat is appropriate, confused and shaking his head...
To figure out how to supplement iodine for thyroid disease, first of all, we want to -
A low-iodine diet is recommended if you are in a hyperthyroid (with or without nodules) or require iodine 131 therapy. [4]
For Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an iodine-limited diet is recommended.
Iodine 131 postoperative hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules (normal thyroid function), normal people, suitable for iodine diet is good, there is no need to have too many taboos.
At this point, I seem to see a bunch of people lining up and scratching their heads—
Before figuring out the difference, offer the iodine content of different foods:
Let's look at the --
1. Low-iodine diet
Iodine is widely present in a variety of foods, we can not achieve "iodine-free diet", so we can only recommend and do "low-iodine diet", that is, as far as possible to reduce iodine intake, avoid high-iodine foods, recommended consumption of non-iodized salt.
Life also needs to pay attention to some small details, such as:
Do not eat pickled and processed foods (do not eat salt added to the ingredient list, unless you make your own uniodized salt); eat only egg whites (egg yolks do not eat); do not eat health supplements containing iodine ingredients, etc.
Image source: Stand Cool Helo
What else can people with a low-iodine diet eat?
Fresh fruits and vegetables, rice, canned fruit, wheat flour, cereals, cereals, vinegar, black pepper, coffee and tea (non-instant coffee), sugar, honey, spices, vegetable oils, etc.
2. Limit the iodine diet
For an iodine-limited diet, the recommended standard for the Nuclear Medicine Branch of the Chinese Medical Association is <50 μg/day, which should be maintained for at least 1 to 2 weeks.
Although the iodine-limiting diet is not as strict as the low-iodine diet, it is still necessary to pay attention to the high-iodine foods such as seaweed as much as possible.
In daily life, if you eat non-iodized salt, you can eat some sea shells, shrimp skins, processed foods, egg yolks and other foods in moderation; and if you eat iodized salt, the above foods must also be painfully abandoned.
3. Iodine-friendly diet
Suitable for iodine this is easier to understand, normal adults iodine intake of 120 micrograms / day can be. Pregnant and lactating women are at least 230-240 mcg/day, so supplementation with high-iodine foods or iodine-containing multivitamins is recommended.
Therefore, no matter what kind of thyroid disease, it is necessary to take medicine according to the doctor's instructions, actively go to the hospital for treatment, pay attention to diet and mood, and make the body recover faster and better.
Image source: Stand Cool Helo
bibliography
Endocrinology Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Surgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Head and Neck Tumor Professional Committee of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2012, 39(17): 1249-1272.
Yu Junjun, Wang Qiang. A preliminary analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of thyroid nodules in healthy adults in mainland China from 2008 to 2014[J]. Journal of Environment and Health, 2016,33(5): 440-443.
[3] Fan L, Tan L, Chen Y, et al. Investigation on the factors that influence the prevalence of thyroid nodules in adults in Tianjin, China[J]. J Trace Elem Med Biol, 2018, 50: 537-542.
[4] Chinese Medical Association Endemic Diseases Branch/Chinese Nutrition Society/Chinese Medical Association Endocrinology Branch Guidelines for Chinese Residents to Supplement Iodine. 2018,05
*The content of this article is a popularization of health knowledge and cannot be used as a specific diagnosis and treatment recommendation, nor is it a substitute for face-to-face consultation by a practicing physician, for reference only.
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