Breaking the "Chinese Culture in the West"
Yongsan culture
In 1927, a teenager named Wu Jinding returned from tsinghua university and returned to his alma mater, Qilu University, as a teaching assistant. In the spring of 1928, Wu Jinding decided to make an inspection of the ancient city of Pingling in his hometown of Pingling, Shandong. Passing by the Chengzi Cliff in Longshan Town, the unusual accumulation of the cross-section of the cliff on the side of the road ditch caught his attention. And this is a prelude to the discovery of Yongsan culture. Where is Chengzi Cliff? What is the historical story? Today, let's walk into the city cliff together and walk into that ancient era.
There is a rectangular terrace on the banks of the Wuyuan River in Longshan Town, Jinan City, Shandong Province, where the fields are quiet, there is no noise of cars and horses, only the whimpering of the wind, as if telling something. This is the Chengzi Cliff, Wu Jinding has come here many times to investigate, so that the future world-famous Chengzi Cliff ruins can meet the world.
Since then, archaeologists have excavated the chengziya site many times and obtained a number of cultural relics characterized by exquisite polished black pottery. Most of the raw materials for Longshan black pottery come from the silt of the Yellow River, and when archaeologists spliced and restored the broken pieces of pottery, the longshan cultural history that had been sealed in the dust for more than 4,000 years also broke ground.
Black pottery three-legged water vessel
Most of the Longshan cultural sites are distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. The site is most characteristic of many thin, hard, light and black pottery, especially the thin and smooth surface of the eggshell black pottery, so it is also called "black pottery culture". With the discovery of related relics in other regions, all cultural relics with black pottery characteristics have been named Longshan culture, such as Shandong Longshan culture, Henan Longshan culture, Shaanxi Longshan culture and so on.
By the 1960s, the Yongsan culture had developed into a complex complex.
In view of this, in 1981, archaeologist Yan Wenming proposed the concept of "Longshan Era", which represents the era of different Longshan cultural relics that are roughly dated from the "26th century BC to the 21st century BC", and pointed out that the Longshan Era was an era in which Chinese copper and stone were used together. The emergence of early bronze ware, the development of production technology, and the improvement of early urban defense facilities have made the Longshan era a major historical period for the great social changes in China's prehistory and a key period for exploring the origin of Chinese civilization.
Yongsan Culture Museum
With the great development of social productive forces in the Longshan era, the number of settlements and the area of settlements in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River expanded sharply. The large-scale increase in population has become the basic force for social complexity. Correspondingly, regional central settlements have generally emerged everywhere. In some central settlements, such as the Xiangfen Tao Temple in Shanxi and the two towns of Rizhao in Shandong, there were also defensive facilities composed of towering walls and wide moats, which further developed the early cities.
With the large-scale population movement in the Yellow River Basin during the Longshan Period, long-distance trade has also developed by leaps and bounds. Jade ceremonial vessels, bronze ware, lacquered wood ware, sea shells from the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, these scarce items from long-distance exchange and trade are all found in the Yongsan cultural site. In this context, the exchange of technology has led to the great development of productive forces and the growth of new forms of civilization, and new types of cities as regional political, economic and cultural centers have begun to emerge.
Under the nurture and nourishment of the Mother River, the Longshan culture has developed and grown in the Yellow River Basin, and the discovery of the Longshan culture has also proved that there is a black pottery culture in eastern China that is native to the Yangshao faience pottery culture, which negates the hypothesis of "Chinese culture coming west" and confirms the long history and brilliant splendor of Chinese civilization.
Anchor 丨 Meng Jing
Audit 丨 Chen Rui
Producer 丨Fan Yizi
Co-ordinator 丨 Luo Jingyue Yang Jing
Copywriter, responsible editor 丨 Meng Jing
Art design 丨 Yang Hua Zhao Mo
Audio 丨 Zhang Yufeng
Proofreading 丨 Yang Jing
Reference 丨《Longshan Culture and Longshan Era》
"Longshanhua, Longshan Period and Longshan Era"
Settlement Archaeology and longshan cultural and social form
Produced by The New Media Center of China Water Conservancy Newspaper (Film and Television Production and Broadcasting Center).
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