『This article is Hua Yuhan's interpretation of the characters and plots of the TV series "Daming Silk Case under the Microscope", each issue involves different characters and plots, if you like it, please pay attention to it in the upper right corner"
What is Ma Boyong, and who is Ma Boyong.
He is a representative writer of "evidence-based suspense literature" and a representative writer of "historical possibility novels".
Whether it is "Fengqi Luoyang" or "Fengqi Longxi", Ma Boyong used his unfathomable pen to unfold a colorful and magnificent picture scroll for us.
However, success is also Xiaohe, defeat is also Xiaohe, reading such works has extremely "harsh" requirements for readers' knowledge reserves.
Even Ma Boyong almost recreated this story for "The Silk Case of Daming under the Microscope".
It also does not reveal his mastery and ease in historical description.
But in this way, those historical terms that were silently spoken by the handsome family, those positions and historical allusions that constantly appeared in the play.
It has become the invisible wall and fence between ordinary audiences and TV series.
When you find that this story is not as wonderful as imagined, when you find that Zhang Ruoyun does not have the light in his previous works, when you feel that many old drama bones only have acting skills left.
In fact, these are just the reasons why it is impossible to delve into the plot and story.
When you understand what the people in the play are talking about and thinking, maybe you can find the subtlety and beauty of this story.
So I had the idea to explain these obscure words to everyone.
Keita, Keita, Sharita, Minoda, Arc
Does Zhang Ruoyun's appearance have a feeling that makes you scratch your head?
After his explanation of historical terms, a country brawl was successfully triggered.
But he left alone without care, leaving a confused audience and villagers mingling.
So the question is, what exactly is the "use of field cutting" in the mouth of Shuai Jiamo?
The so-called "field cutting" has no clear records and materials in history.
However, through the subsequent appearance of the terms "Keita, Xietian, Mita, Arc Field", it can probably be concluded that this is from the Han Dynasty mathematical work "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic".
The first chapter of the book, "Fang Tian Zhang", mainly describes the calculation of the acre area and the calculation of the score.
In the "Product and Pythagorean Pairthagorean" on geometric figures, the area algorithm for square field, guitian, evil field, minita, round field, arc field, ring field and wan circle is mentioned.
The Art of Shang Gong Yuanbao
When Shuai Jiamo returned to the county to meet with Feng Baoyu, he mentioned that he needed to use the "Shang Gong Yuan Castle Technique" when fighting.
This term also comes from the "Nine Chapters of Arithmetic", which has a chapter that focuses on the "Shang Gong Zhang" of engineering mathematical problems such as earthwork and labor quantity.
Maybe this mathematical method based on volume calculation may really be related to fighting.
But in my short-sighted opinion, this is somewhat blunt.
Father's debt and daughter's repayment: A good story of twenty-four filial piety
When the boss of the gambling house forced the old man to sell his daughter to himself to settle the debt, he said the following to Xiaozhi:
"Xiaozhi, the father and daughter pay the debt, and it is also a good story of twenty-four filial piety, isn't it."
This plot seems to be just a description of bullies bullying good, but it also attacks that dark era from the side and the wrong interpretation of the word "filial piety".
The so-called "twenty-four filial piety" has been around since the Yuan Dynasty.
This is a collection of stories that explain how the twenty-four filial piety practices filial piety from the same perspective, different circumstances, and different encounters.
However, because the content and plot of many of the stories are too unreasonable, many of them have been criticized by modern celebrities as "foolishness".
Among them, the most consistent with the meaning of "father debt and daughter repayment" is derived from Guo Ju's "burying children for mother" in the Jin Dynasty.
And this story was even criticized by Lu Xun in "Chaohuaxi Shi Twenty-four Filial Piety".
What is a prefectural ticket?
Before Huang Ningdao took office, he quickly sent the "prefect ticket".
But what kind of thing is this? Not only should the whip be delivered quickly, but even the guards at the city gate will not stop it?
In fact, this is supposed to be a word composed of two words together.
The so-called "ticket" does not specifically refer to what kind of document or instrument.
Specifically, as long as it is an official written order in a fixed format, as well as a certificate held by the official in the performance of official duties, it can be called a ticket.
As for the word "prefect", it was not a title for an official position before the Ming Dynasty.
It was not until the Ming Dynasty that it was officially named the name of a local official position, and most of them were officials of the fourth grade or from the fourth grade in terms of rank.
Therefore, the "prefectural ticket" shouted here should be the official official document name or notice of Huang Zhifu taking office.
It is hoped that the prefect and the prefectural government will make preparations to welcome the arrival of the new prefect.
The difference between the seventh product and the fourth product
Fang Maozhen was right to say that Huang Ningdao was secretly lowered by Ming Sheng, but the statement of "Beijing official" is debatable.
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, prefects were generally officials of the fourth grade or from the fourth grade, and their status was equivalent to the current prefecture-level city head.
Its rights and functions are the same or similar to those of the well-known taishou and gunsho.
Although the superintendent of imperial history is smaller than the prefect in rank, his power and deterrent power are not at all smaller than that of a local official like the prefect.
As a petty official who "patrols on behalf of the Son of Heaven" outside, the force or big backer behind him is the emperor today.
Therefore, he enjoyed the power to report the impeachment of officials at all levels, although major matters still had to be decided by the emperor, and in some minor matters could be decided immediately.
It is worth mentioning that the historical prototype of the prefect of Huangning Dao should be the great Qing official Hai Rui, who was the "Ying Tian Inspector" at that time.
This statement can also be corroborated by many historical sources.
It's just that Hai Rui's Ying Tian Inspector only worked for half a year and was removed.
Therefore, Shuai Jiamo's exoneration of his father this time is likely to end in nothing, and it may also be rewritten by Ma Boyong.
Horse hanging with leaf play
The county official who did nothing to rule played a "horse hanging" for one night, but Shuai Jiamo was accused of playing cards nine and went to court.
This kind of plot has some comedy color, and it should also be noted that the horse hanging and the card nine are not the same thing.
The so-called horse hang, also known as "leaf play", is a card game that originated in the Tang Dynasty, and its gameplay is quite similar to today's mahjong.
In fact, in the Ming Dynasty, no one called Yezi Play a horse hanging, but mostly called it "Yezi".
Books such as "Leaf Spectrum" and "Continuation Leaf Spectrum" will not call them horse hangings.
Even in the Water Margin, there are descriptions of horse hangings, only calling them "leaves" instead of horse hangings.
Therefore, Fang Maozhen here claims that he played the horse hanging for one night, but it is actually not so accurate.
There is more than one attached Guo County
Fang Maozhen complained that Renhua County under his jurisdiction was a "subordinate county", which was really unlucky.
But what exactly is Fuguo County? Why did he become a neighbor with the prefect Yamen?
The so-called "attached Guo County" means "the same city for the government", and in addition to the situation where the prefect and the prefectural government work in the same county, there are actually other situations where local units at different levels work in the same county.
This is just like today's provincial capitals, most of which have provincial-level units and city-level units working in the same area.
But in terms of rights or in practice, this name of Attached Guo County does not mean that Renhua County is under the management of Fang Maozhen.
The correct interpretation of the so-called "attached county" is that the county government without an independent county seat attaches its seat to the city of the administrative district above it.
Such a situation or phenomenon is called Fuguo County or Yiguo County.
The character "Guo" here actually means "Chengguo".
There will actually be toothbrushes
Perhaps many people will be surprised that Fang Maozhen actually brushes her teeth with a toothbrush.
In fact, it is not surprising or surprising, because the toothbrush was indeed invented in the Ming Dynasty, and this toothbrush was invented by Ming Xiaozong Zhu Youzhu.
It's just that the timing of the appearance of this toothbrush is out of order.
Because at this time, Ming Xiaozong Zhu Youzhu was probably just a child, and his father Ming Xianzong Zhu Jianpu had not yet given way to him.
Raw staff and students
Cheng Renqing above the public hall called himself a "student", and Feng Baoyu above the public office called himself "Xiangsheng".
Cheng Renqing and Feng Baoyu, the son of the lawyer, who is better?
In fact, they are all the same type of people, and even the same in terms of education, that is, they are just a show talent.
In ancient times, as long as they obtained the qualification to enter the official school, they could be called Xiucai, and they were almost the lowest level of Shidaif.
Generally, the students of official schools established by prefectures, prefectures, and counties will call themselves Xiangsheng.
Therefore, when Xiucai introduces themselves to officials or official offices, they often refer to themselves as students and students.
Because they are all national pillars cultivated by official schools, they also have to serve the country and seek fame after that.
Only some people have embarked on the road of lawyers, such as Cheng Renqing, and some have embarked on the road of sophistication such as Feng Baoyu.
Nine out of thirteen
When Cheng Renqing and Shuai Jia silently played the game of "nine out of thirteen returns", it proved one thing from the side: the gambling house owner is not only in the business of the gambling house, he should also be in the business of lending usury.
However, this saying of nine out of thirteen is not a term exclusive to usury, but developed from pawnshops.
It's an old industry and an extremely violent one.
Generally, if you take an item worth $10 to a pawnshop to exchange it for money.
If the current period is set at 3 months, the monthly interest is 1 yuan per month, that is, after 3 months, you need to take 13 yuan to redeem your property.
But when the pawnshop gives you money, it will not give you the value of 10 yuan of the item, but will only pay you 9 yuan, which is "nine out".
But when you exchange money, you have to exchange 10 yuan of principal + interest to redeem the thing, which is the so-called "thirteen return".
The study of Huang Lao is not the same as Taoism
The county official Maozhen pursues the "learning of Huang Lao" and emphasizes "ruling without doing anything".
The Huang Laozhi study here was in the middle of the "Warring States" period, and it was a study that borrowed the name of the Yellow Emperor and absorbed Lao Tzu's Taoist thought.
Originally, this was a discipline tailored to rulers, emphasizing "nothingness and inaction" in order to objectively distinguish right from wrong.
He had a great influence on the politics of the early Han Dynasty, and the essence of "quiet and inaction" was "kindness and love for the people".
This is very different from the concept of governing the county that Fang Maozhen pursues today.
The Jiakaku is the official archive
Not only does Renhua County have a "rack library", but also the seven counties of the pole and their superior administrative units have a pavilion warehouse.
The so-called "rack library" is a kind of state organ set up inherited from the Song Dynasty.
Usually the inside is in the form of a cabinet to keep important documents and archives.
The meaning of the word "shelf" is generally the shelf used to store these documents and archives, although the dynasties have been different and upgraded, but in general, there are not many differences.
The meaning of the word "pavilion" has the meaning of shelving and loading, and here he can be understood as a verb.
Fish Scale Atlas and Yellow Book
The "fish scale atlas" mentioned by Feng Baoyu was not unique to Renhua County, and it was available at all levels of government offices throughout the Ming Dynasty at that time.
This is a kind of booklet used to register houses, mountains, forests, ponds, and fields, and it can be said that it is the master of folk fields.
It is called the fish scale atlas because the shape of the field diagram in the book is very similar to the fish scale, so it has such a name.
It is worth mentioning that the fish scale atlas also has the role of "poverty alleviation and wealth suppression", and the main implementation method is to prevent landlords from evading taxes.
Compared with the fish scale atlas that collects the masterpieces of folk fields, the yellow book mentioned later is mainly used to register the available strong dings and field seedlings.
Although there is a certain duplication of the role with the fish scale atlas, there are still many differences.
Compared with the fish scale album, the yellow book records are more detailed and complex.
For example, household registration information such as township, name, age, dingkou, field house, and assets are published on a household-by-household basis.
Moreover, most of the yellow books are stored in the treasury at the national level, and even officials at the prefectural level do not have the right to consult them at any time.
Red deed and white deed
After mentioning the fish scale atlas, Feng Baoyu mentioned the word "red contract".
This is a land sale corresponding to the "white deed", which is somewhat similar to the land certificate we know today.
The so-called "red deed" means that when buying and selling land or houses, after the two parties pay taxes and money to the government, the official family issues a contract with an official seal, which is called a red deed.
And the contract signed privately by the private sector is called a white contract without paying taxes and silver to the government.
There should not be "Su San left Hongdong County" here
The most common problem in historical dramas is this kind of time disorder.
When Shuai Jiamo fainted, whether in a dream or in reality, it was not quite right to hear the lyrics of this "Nu Qi Xie" (also known as "Su San Qi Xie").
"The Female Solution" tells the story of a Ming Dynasty period in which Su San and Wang Jinglong met, changed their name to Yutangchun, and swore to accompany Bai Shou.
This play is from the vernacular novel collection "Cautionary Tongyan" by writer Feng Menglong in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties.
That is to say, during the Chenghua period of Emperor Zhu Jianpu of Ming Xianzong, there could not be such a singing phrase as "Su San left Hongdong County".
There should be no "printing money" here
Although it is feasible for Fan Yuan to redeem land with printing money, it is somewhat inappropriate to use "printing money" in the story of the Ming Dynasty.
Unlike "nine out of thirteen returns", Yin Zi Qian was a usury term that was only widely used during the Qing Dynasty.
His calculation method is very similar to "nine out of thirteen returns", only because after each return of the principal interest, a mark must be stamped on the fold, so there is the saying "printing money".
Although there is no problem with the usage, it is somewhat used in time and place.
Bailihou is an elegant name
Huang Ningdao joked that the three princes were "famous hundred lihous", but what is a hundred lihou? Aren't they county masters?
The so-called "Bailihou" is the head of a county in the county, that is, the so-called county order or zhixian, which is a kind of "elegant name" for the county-level magistrate since ancient times.
In the Qin and Han dynasties, when dividing the establishment of counties, most of them used a hundred miles square as the boundary.
At the same time, it is supplemented by population density to appropriately adjust its size, and the population is slightly smaller if it is large, and slightly larger if the population is small.
This method of making counties has been continued, so most of the descendants are accustomed to using hundreds of counties to refer to counties, such as "county of a hundred miles" based on this.
Although most of the county orders in the Ming Dynasty were only after obtaining meritorious fame, they could only hold the position of head of a county.
But before the Zhou Dynasty, most of these county-level supreme officials were prince-level figures.
Therefore, there is a tradition and saying that today's county prince is a hundred lihou.
Newspaper of the Ming Dynasty: Di Bao
Huang Ningdao threw a book called "Di Bao" on the table, which has a deep meaning, but it is also necessary to understand what Di Bao is to understand the deep meaning.
This is a kind of "news newspaper" with the nature of reports and announcements, which first appeared during the Han Dynasty.
Its function was to distribute all kinds of information collected by the imperial court to various local and local officials.
The content of Di Pao is very complex and complex, almost a national comprehensive newspaper.
It usually contains the emperor's edicts and residences, the appointment and dismissal of officials, the music of ministers, war information, and punishments.
At the same time, things like natural disasters, internal military information, court affairs, and unapproved and published ministers would be printed in the Di newspaper and distributed throughout the country.
It can be said that the emergence of Di Bao gave the officials and local governments at that time a certain ability to grasp the current situation and the dynamics of the world.
Written at the end:
In addition to the above content compiled by the author for everyone, there are many contents in "The Silk Case of Daming under the Microscope" that modern people have long been unused or unfamiliar with.
It's just that the amount is too complicated, I just briefly sorted out these, but it has reached a huge 5,000 words.
Such as co-pay, folding color and true color, foot fee, a whip method, conscription, Taiping Guangji, etc., it is really not appropriate to introduce it to everyone at once.
Fortunately, "The Silk Case of Daming under the Microscope" has only aired four episodes, and I believe that with Ma Boyong's pen, there will be more obscure words later.
When you get there, I'll sort it out for you as appropriate.
Of course, if you want to see the author make such a large plot note, please also leave a message to the author to know.
At the same time, you can also attach what you don't understand well in the play, maybe the author can find a relatively reasonable explanation and answer for you.
(This article is an original article of "Hua Yuhan", and the non-"Hua Yuhan" account is all plagiarism and handling!) ）
The above is my understanding and perception of the first 4 episodes of "The Silk Case of Daming under the Microscope", more wonderful analysis, let's see you next time!
(After reading it, remember to pay attention to "Hua Yuhan" Oh, the picture comes from the Internet)
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