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Story Rewrite:
In the past, corruption in the Qing government led to a rapid decline in national strength, many territories were seized by foreign powers, and some ambitious leaders even cut off their positions and established independent states. However, instead of following the glorious path, these countries have become international laughing stocks. Today, we will focus on two countries that have historically escaped China's embrace but have not yet prospered.
Chapter 1: Mongolia's Sufferings
The first country, Mongolia, was located in eastern Asia, surrounded by Russia and China, becoming a geographical island. Despite its vast land, covering an area of 1.56 million square kilometers, it is known for its magnificent highland landscapes and rich pastures. Moreover, Mongolia is rich in valuable resources such as oil and rare earths deep underground, making it a typical resource-based country. However, the population of this land is sparse, less than 3 million, not even the population of a Chinese province.
Due to the scarcity of labor, Mongolia's economic development has been difficult. By 2020, its GDP was only about $13 billion and its per capita GDP was just over $4,000. However, the root cause of economic problems lies not only in the sparse population, but also in the country's economic and political system, industrial base, etc.
In 1945, Mongolia successfully became independent with the support of the Soviet Union, and for a time achieved economic achievements, ranking among the top in East Asia. However, after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Mongolia lost this support and was forced to embark on the path of self-reliance. In the early days, Mongolia tried to boost its economy by selling its rich mineral resources. However, the reform of the economic system led to the concentration of national wealth in the hands of a few, and the right to exploit resources was monopolized by private individuals rather than used for the country's economic development.
This unequal distribution has led to a widening gap between rich and poor in the country and a difficult situation for national development. To this day, Mongolia still lacks large-scale industrial facilities, and nearly a million people still depend on pastoral farming for their livelihoods. At the same time, China has seen its economy take off in recent decades to become the world's second-largest economy, with a single province's GDP surpassing that of Mongolia as a whole.
As a result, Mongolia has gradually become a laughing stock for the international community, and despite its vast land and abundant resources, it is difficult to achieve national prosperity.
Chapter II: Kyrgyzstan's Struggle
The second country, Kyrgyzstan, is located in Central Asia, bordering Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and China, and is geographically important. However, Kyrgyzstan is not only a small country, with an area of only 199,000 square kilometers, but also a small population, only about 6.64 million people, which is an ordinary small country.
Although Kyrgyzstan has a long history and is influenced by the culture of the Central Plains, it has been ruled by different powers many times throughout its history. In ancient times, although most of the territory belonged to the indirect administration of the Central Plains Dynasty, it did not receive enough attention. During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, due to the corruption of the Qing Dynasty, the Kyrgyzstan region was often subjected to foreign invasions and could not achieve economic development. During the Soviet period, although Kyrgyzstan joined the Soviet Union, it did not receive sufficient support and limited economic growth.
After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Kyrgyzstan, although independent, faced the challenges of limited resources and narrow land, and its economic growth has been struggling. As of 2020, Kyrgyzstan's GDP is only about US$7.1 billion, and its per capita GDP is just over US$1,200, ranking at the bottom of Central Asia.
Although Kyrgyzstan has historically followed different powers, it has not really benefited from their development. The country struggled to maintain its independence amid external and internal troubles. However, its limited resources and weak economic growth have become the target of ridicule by the international community.
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Chapter III: Two States with an uncertain future
These two countries, Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan, have had bumpy journeys, but they faced enormous challenges after independence. Although they freed themselves from outside domination, they failed to achieve real prosperity.
Mongolia's economic problems stem both from a lack of population and to the country's economic and political system. Resources are monopolized by private individuals and wealth is unevenly distributed, leading to a widening gap between the rich and the poor. Mongolia urgently needed reforms to establish a more equitable and sustainable economic model for the country's development. At the same time, the international community can help promote sustainable development in the country and share knowledge and resources.
Kyrgyzstan also faces enormous challenges, including lack of resources and geographical constraints. However, the country's rich historical and cultural heritage can be a powerful driver of tourism and cultural exchange. Kyrgyzstan can improve its economic situation by promoting educational and cultural exchanges, finding new opportunities for development, attracting international investment.
In summary, both countries have potential, but they need to face internal and external challenges. The international community can provide support and cooperation to help them achieve sustainable economic growth and social progress. The stories of Mongolia and Kyrgyzstan remind us that development depends not only on resources, but also on good policies and international cooperation. May these two countries overcome difficulties and move towards a better future.