【Author's Introduction】Zhang Dai [1597 AD (25th year of the Ming Wanli Calendar) ~ 1679 (18th year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty)], an essayist of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Zi Zongzi, also known as Shi Gong, Tao An, nicknamed Die'an Resident, self-proclaimed Jiannan Tao'an Old Man. A native of Shanyin (present-day Shaoxing, Zhejiang). Zhang Dai is recognized as the greatest essayist of the Ming Dynasty, and is the author of such masterpieces as "The Collected Works of Lang Huan", "Tao An Mengyi", "Dream of the West Lake", and "Three Immortal Tuzan".
The work "Night Sailing Ship" is a small encyclopedia, from astronomy to geography, three religions and nine streams, hundreds of sons and hundreds of families, human ethics and political affairs, liturgical science, plants and flowers, ghosts and gods and strange........
【Kusano Itto】
Since the end of 2019, I have been reading "Night Sailing Ship" intermittently, and I have read it to this day, and I can barely read through the masterpieces of the old man of Tao'an. After reading this book, I suddenly felt that the world's talents had reached this point of publicity, and I sighed that the real celebrities were flowing from the wind! Only the feeling of the mountain looking up, so the heavenly people Andano did not dare to comment on it. Attached to the Tao'an elderly self-evaluation and others to evaluate the common appreciation.
Self-evaluation
"Lang Huan Anthology , Volume 5 • Self-made Epitaph": Less for the dumb children, very fond of prosperity, good fine house, good beauty, good child prostitution, good fresh clothes, good food, good horses, good lanterns, good fireworks, good pear garden, good trumpeting, good antiques, good flowers and birds, and tea obscene orange abuse, bookworm poetry demons. Half a lifetime of hard work, all dreams.
Comments from others
Wang Yuqian of the Qing Dynasty: GaiQi is a text, not a family, but not a family, so it can be mellow, but also a strange change, the so-called "wu in the text, and the later dou yu also." (Preface to the Collected Works of Lang Huan)
Qing Dynasty Qi Zhijia: Yu you Zhang Tao'an, pen chemical. The travels he remembers include the Boao of Li Daoyuan, the raw spices of Liu Tongren, the Qianli of Yuan Zhonglang, the witty humor of Wang Jizhong, and everything; its ethereal crystal aura, looking for its pen and ink, has nothing. For the portrayal of the West Lake, the government is in A block. ("West Lake Dream Search")
Shao Tingcai of the Qing Dynasty: Sexual loyalty and filial piety, good at historiography. ("Sifutang Anthology, Volume III, The Biography of the Ming Remnants")
Wen Ruilin of the Qing Dynasty: (Zhang) Dai and (Tan) moved between the friends of the monarch and the courtiers, and their nature was tedious. (Yishi of Southern Xinjiang, Vol. 43, Liechuan No. 39 Yishi)
Wu Chongyao of the Qing Dynasty: Elder Xi Meng wrote "MenghuaLu", Wu Zimu wrote "MengliangLu", both of which were based on the vicissitudes of the earth and the vicissitudes of the heavens, and the sense of invincibility of the world was not overcome, and the compilation ("Tao'an Dream Remembrance") is actually the same. Although the game is involved in three ambiguities, and the strange feelings, the discussion is lively, and the pen and ink are horizontal, which almost makes the reader dizzy, but also different talents. ("Tao An Dream Reminiscence")
Qing Dynasty Wang Jiechen: Wuyue Youming generation, known as Xu Wenchang and Zhang Tao'an. Xu won with a strange policeman, and Mr. Xu won with a strong victory. (After the Collected Writings of Shu Lang Jie)
Ni Hong of the Qing Dynasty: Shanyin Zhang Tao'an Maocai (Dai), HaoShiye. (Tong Yin Qing Dialect Volume V)
Zheng Zhenduo, a historian of modern and contemporary literature: Dai is a great man at the end of the Ming Dynasty, with a noble life, a history of disasters, and a family asset. Ran Cai was very emotional; a sad and indignant, and the words of Xu Fu were between the lines. "Dream Memories", Gai Yousheng", "Tokyo Dream", "Wulin Old Things". Its victory is to sigh in a low voice, if it is not overwhelmed. (Collected Writings of The Book of Xi Di and Lang Huan)
Modern critic Zhou Zuoren: Zhang Zongzi is a "metropolitan poet", he pays attention to human affairs rather than nature, and landscape is just the background of his life. ("Tao An Dream Reminiscences · Preface")
Guo Xianheng, a professor at Beijing Normal University: In fact, his articles are all kinds of works, especially longer than biographies, including some epitaphs. (History of Chinese Prose)
Professor Chen Pingyuan of the Department of Chinese of Peking University: "Urban poet" Zhang Dai is a master in the history of Chinese prose. The "ethereal atmosphere" of his prose can only be understood and difficult to describe. ("The Man and Literature of "Urban Poet" Zhang Dai")
Modern writer Huang Pei: Born in the late Ming Dynasty, Shanyin Zhang Dai (Zongzi) is a historian, poet of the city, and an essayist of the first generation, and is an author that I usually admire very much. ("The Brilliant Essayist Zhang Zongzi")
Modern writer Zhang Yihe: Zhang Dai's articles are like him, with the sharp edge of the world and the playfulness of playthings... Zhang Dai also said that he was invincible in nothing, "Learning books is not successful, learning swords is not successful, learning festivals and righteousness is not successful, learning articles is not successful, learning immortals, Buddhism, agriculture, and gardening are not successful." On the contrary, this Zhang Zongzi, who "achieved nothing", became "the first prose of the Ming and Qing dynasties". In the way of writing, he established the ultimate value of his life. Some people describe it like this: Where the people are boiling and the gongs and drums are noisy, there must be Zhang Dai; at the end of the song, the wind is cold and the moon is cruel, and someone blows out a wisp of sorrow, and the listener must be Zhang Dai. What a rich, wonderful man. ("If born in the Ming and Qing dynasties, only marry Zhang Dai")
Xia Xianchun, researcher at the Institute of Literature of the Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences: Zhang Dai was a cultural wizard in the Ming and Qing dynasties, and a collection of small works in the late Ming Dynasty, with great festivals, university questions, and big strokes. ("On Zhang Dai and His Dream Memories of Tao'an" and "West Lake Dream Search")
Wu Chengxue, professor of the Department of Chinese of Sun Yat-sen University: It is "Tao An Mengyi" that makes Zhang Dai one of the ranks of the late Ming dynasty sketches, and even compared with other first-class essayists in ancient China, there is no need to let go. ("The Eternal God Haruka Sketch")
The late Liang Rongruo, a visiting professor at Beijing Normal University, said: In the late Ming Dynasty, the elders are the highest, they enjoy the longest life, they have escaped from the most luxurious life, they have lived the hardest days, they are the most intimate and hidden, they are the most sympathetic and noble, they have a strong desire to make words, they never give up explicit and popular propaganda, their writing life has been extended to more than fifty years, the scope is large, they tell the truth, they remember the facts, they have the most historical materials, they reflect the most faithful and objective society, they reflect the most faithful and objective society, they reflect on their thorough repentance and reflection, and they inspire the new life of the nation. (Twenty Biographies of Literature)
【Excerpt from the original text】
Original prologue of the work
The world is learned, but the night ship is the most difficult to deal with. Gaicun Fu's common son, whose knowledge is prepared in advance, such as The Eighteenth Bachelor of Yingzhou, the Twenty-Eight Generals of Yuntai, and so on, slightly worse than their names, and they are smiling. Pi gai did not know the eighteen bachelors and twenty-eight generals, although he lost his name, it was harmless to learn literature, and it was shameful to say that one person was wrong. Therefore, hearsay, only to distinguish dozens of famous clans, is a erudite talent.
Yu Yin thought of Wu Bayue, but Yu Yao customs, the children born later, all read books, and until the twentieth year, they did not succeed, and then learned to be crafts. Therefore, all the people who work in the lowly industry, their "Sexual Theory" and "Gang Jian", are all familiar, and if they are occasionally asked about a matter, they are enumerated by personal names, official titles, year numbers, and places, and it is not wrong. The wealth of learning is really a two-legged book cook, and it is not beneficial to the liberal arts and sciences examination school, and it is no different from the person who is illiterate.
Or: "If you believe this, then the names of the ancients do not have to be remembered." Yu Yue: "Not really." The name is not about the literary science, do not remember it, such as eight yuan, eight Kai, kitchen, jun, Gu, and so on are also. There are people who are about literature and science, and they must not fail to remember, such as Siyue, Sanlao, Zang, Lady Xu and the like. ”
Once upon a time, there was a monk who stayed on a night boat with a monk. The monks talked loudly, the monks were afraid, and they slept with their fists and feet. The monk listened to his words with flaws, but he said, "May I ask Xiang Gong, is it one person or two people?" The scholar said, "It's two people." The monk said, "Is this Yao Shun one person or two people?" The scholar said, "Nature is a person!" The monk smiled and said, "Say this, and wait for the little monk to stretch his feet." ”
What Yu wrote was all very superficial in front of me, and my generation talked about and remembered, but it was also enough not to let the monks stretch their feet. Therefore, he was named "Night Sailing Ship".
Ancient Sword Tao Nunnery Old Man Zhang Daishu.
Catalogue of works
sequence
Volume I Department of Astronomy
Elephant latitude Sun Moon Star Wind Cloud Rain Thunder Rainbow Snow Frost Dew Fog Ice Seasonal Spring Summer Autumn Winter Calendar
Volume II Geography Department
Territory Jiandu Place Name Monuments Mountains and Rivers Spring Stone Scenery Poetry Eight Chapters
Volume III Character Department
Empress dowager, crown prince, and princess of the imperial palace
Volume IV Department of Archaeology
Surname Discernment Analysis Class
Volume V Lun Class Department
Monarch Father and Son Attachment Titles Husband and Wife Husband Concubine Brother Father And Son Nephew Uncle Sister Sister Sister Master Apprentice Ancestor Friend Slave Slave
Volume VI Electoral Department
System Of Subjects Township Examination Meeting Examination Hall Examination Protégés Lower Recommendation Abuse OfLord Official System Prime Minister, Participation in Politics, Lower Xiang Xiang First Class Shangshu, Bu Cao, Qingsi Gong Zhan, Bachelor, Han Yuan Counselor Imperial History Envoy County Shouzhou County Auxiliary Curtain, Judgment, Cheng, Bookkeeper, Lieutenant, Official
Volume VII Ministry of Political Affairs
Economy Candle Treachery Judgment Honesty accepts office, loves are deposed, and greed is despised
Volume VIII Faculty of Literature
History Books Bo Qia Diligent Study Writings Poetry Song Fu Shu Jian Self-study Calligraphy and Painting Do not learn stationery
Volume IX The Ceremonial Orchestra
Ritual System 1: Marriage Ritual System 2: Funeral Ritual System 3: Sacrifice Law Lu Le Law
Volume X The Ministry of Military Punishment
Military Criminal Law
Volume XI Daily Use Department
Palace room Clothing Clothes Diet
Volume XII Treasure Play Department
Golden Jade Judah Plaything
Volume XIII Appearance Department
Body of women
Volume XIV Nine Streams
Taoism Buddhism A famous physician of the past, Tuzan Xiang Funeral, Word Splitting, Acrobatics
Vol. XV Ministry of Foreign Affairs
呓語 foreign translation
Volume XVI Plant Department
Grass and trees Flowers
Volume XVII The Four Spirits
Birds and Beasts Introduction Worms
Volume XVIII The Ministry of Absurdity
Ghosts and gods are weird
Volume XIX Department of Physics
Object Sense Body Clothing Eating Utensils Literature Golden Beads Fruits Vegetables Flowers, Trees, Birds, Animals, Insects and Fishes
Volume XX Fang Shu Department
Spell method