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- Source/Scholar of Literature and History
- Author/scholar of literature and history
In 119 B.C., a strategic decisive battle between Han and Hungary took place in Mobei, known as the "Battle of Mobei", which ended with the complete victory of the Han army. After this war, it basically solved the border crisis that had endangered the Western Han Dynasty for a hundred years, and further promoted the unification and development of the northern region of the mainland, which is of far-reaching significance.
The Battle of Mobei, as the last battle of Huo Quai, one of the "Twin Stars of the Western Han Dynasty", is also the "ultimate decisive battle" for the "Flying General" to kill himself and Huo Qubing to become a god in the first battle, how terrible is it?
1. Huo Quzhi - "Champion Linhanhai, Changping Wing Gale"
As one of the "Twin Stars of the Western Han Dynasty", Huo Qubing played an extremely important role in the Battle of Mobei.
Huo Quai, a famous general of the Western Han Dynasty, and his uncle Wei Qing were called "Western Han Dynasty Military Twin Stars" by later generations, he was a famous military strategist and national hero in ancient times, in his short life of more than 20 years, several expeditions against the Xiongnu, caused a heavy blow to the Xiongnu, after the battle of Mobei, it was even more "no longer a royal court in the south of the Mo", basically eliminated the threat of the Xiongnu to the Han Dynasty, and was the hero of the Western Han Dynasty to consolidate the regime, and the hero of the Chinese nation!
Because he didn't know his father, so Huo Qubing was equivalent to Wei Qing brought up, the relationship between the uncle and nephew was very good, and later Wei Qing went to fight against the Huns, and Huo Quai, who was still a child, also grew up in the barracks;
According to the "Biography of General Wei Hussars", Emperor Wu wanted to personally teach Huo Qu the art of war, but he refused, because he believed that it was not enough to read the military book and strategy to fight a war, and that it had to go through actual combat Xi. So Emperor Wu gave up, but he got more opportunities to go out with the army.
Just like everyone in the Western Han Dynasty at that time, Huo Qubing hoped to be like his uncle Wei Qing since he was a child, to go out to fight against the Huns, drive the Huns, and recapture the land belonging to the Han Dynasty.
2. Causes of war
By the time of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the entire political system of the Western Han Dynasty had been very stable, and after the "Tui En Order" and the "Depose of the Hundred Schools", the imperial power of the Western Han Dynasty had reached a high degree of centralization, and the power was basically concentrated in the hands of the emperor alone.
And Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was a brilliant ruler, and it can be seen from his nickname that this emperor who made his fortune with martial arts would naturally not let go in the face of the Xiongnu who had an increasing appetite. Thus, from this period, the Han Dynasty's strategic defense against the Xiongnu changed from the early Han Dynasty to the strategic offensive during the Wudi period.
In 127 BC, two important wars took place between Han and Hungary: the Battle of Henan and the Battle of Monan. The former was the turning point of the entire Han-Hungarian War, which not only enabled the Western Han Dynasty to recapture the Hetao Plain, but also was the starting point for the Han army to change from strategic defense to strategic offensive; the latter was the largest victory of the Han army since the outbreak of the Han-Hungarian War, which laid the foundation for the victory of the Mobei Campaign.
More importantly, after these two battles, the strength of the Xiongnu left and right Xianwang has been consumed, and by the time of the Battle of Hexi, Huo Qubing went deep into the desert, not only with 10,000 hussars to fight in the five countries of Hexi, killing nearly 30,000 Xiongnu, and even killing the two Xiongnu kings, and capturing countless princes, Xiangguo, generals and other nobles - the entire Xiongnu royal court was almost "emptied" by him!
Since then, the Western Han Dynasty basically controlled the entire Hexi region, and there were no Xiongnu on the border of Hexi, which laid the foundation for the opening of the Silk Road later. The victories of several battles made Liu Che think that it was time for a decisive battle, so a great battle of the past and the present was about to begin!
3. "Champion Linhanhai, Changping Wing Gale"
In the sixth year of Yuan Shuo, the Xiongnu tried to "lure the enemy into the depths" and lured the Han army to the depths of Mobei and annihilated them in one fell swoop; however, after several battles in the previous battles, the Han army had accumulated rich combat experience in large-scale cavalry groups running long distances, and the Huns' plan was not realized, but was annihilated by our army with a large number of troops.
It is worth mentioning that from the large-scale battles of Henan and Monan, Emperor Wu thought that it was time to launch a general offensive, so in 119 BC, Liu Che decided to strengthen the offensive on the northern front and annihilate the Xiongnu forces in one fell swoop.
In the fourth year of Yuanzhen, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing were ordered to go out of the fortress and fight with the Xiongnu on the northern edge of the desert.
As far as the situation of the warring parties is concerned, the Xiongnu are bound to lose: first of all, from the perspective of the strength of both sides, the Xiongnu are nomadic people, and the situation itself is relatively divided.
In addition, in order to prepare for this decisive battle, Emperor Wu started from monetary policy, salt and iron policy, etc., and prepared a lot of material and financial resources for the army. In this way, the rear is worry-free, and the front-line fighters can charge as much as they want.
Second, judging from the morale of the two belligerents, the morale of our troops has been greatly boosted after the previous victories, while the enemy's troops, on the contrary, have not only had low morale, but even faintly showed signs of infighting. The so-called "one drum, then decline, three and exhaustion", the Hun army at this time was at the point of "three and exhausted".
More importantly, Wei Qing and Huo Qubing attacked the Xiongnu in two ways, Wei Qing led the army to attract the attention of the Xiongnu in the front, and Huo Qubing led a small number of elite cavalry to go deep into Mobei to find the main force of the Xiongnu. In the process, he crossed the entire desert, captured the Xiongnu ministers alive, killed the Xiongnu nobles, captured dozens of royal families, and captured more than 70,000 enemy generals with 10,000 horses - so far, there was no royal court in Monan, and the Xiongnu were no longer able to fight against the Han Dynasty.
4. The battle of Mobei is terrible in the end
The reason why the Battle of Mobei is called the "Peak Battle" and "Ultimate Battle" is not only because of the meaning it contains and the impact it brings, but because the war itself is very cruel.
According to the "Historical Records", Emperor Wu mobilized the whole country, collected 100,000 war horses, and ordered the two generals Wei and Huo to lead 50,000 cavalry, more than 40,000 war horses, and hundreds of thousands of infantry to go deep into the desert for the final decisive battle.
After the end of the Battle of Mobei, the final inventory yielded the following data: there were more than 100,000 war horses fighting on the front line and 40,000 war horses responsible for transporting grain and grass in the rear, and only 30,000 remained. In other words, although the Xiongnu were beheaded by the Han army by 90,000, the Han army also suffered heavy losses, and the Han army could be said to be a "crushing victory" in this battle.
However, since the Battle of Mobei, the Xiongnu, who were originally integrated by Mao Dunshan, were divided again, and once again split into hundreds of small tribes, and for hundreds of years after that, the Xiongnu were unable to invade the Central Plains again, which has a very profound significance for border peace!
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