«——【Preamble】】 ——»
On the basis of the true meaning of life and respect for the law, the flower and bird painters of the Two Song Dynasty paid special attention to the accumulation of knowledge and cultivation, and paid more attention to improving the artist's own character and sentiment. Why do the flowers and birds of the Two Song Dynasty still shine brightly today?
«——【·“ The beauty of the ideal"·]——»
The "ideal beauty" of the work has reached the resonance of the painter and the viewer with nature, society and life, and is also a concentrated embodiment of their exhaustive rationality, excellence and advocating character. Take the Southern Song Dynasty court painter Li Song's series of "Flower Baskets" as an example.
In the Song Dynasty, flowers flourished, from the royal nobles to the literati, all of them had the elegance of appreciating flowers and painting flowers. During the festive season, it is very important to decorate flowers. China's six major flower vessels - bottles, plates, jars, bowls, and simple baskets - were all available in the Song Dynasty.
From a flower and a leaf, it conveys the meaning of harmony between man and nature. A number of works depicting flower arrangements by Li Song, a court painter of the Southern Song Dynasty, have been handed down to the present day. It is inferred from the historical data of painting that Li Song's "Flower Basket" should be four paintings in spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Spring, summer and winter 3 "Flower Baskets" are beautiful, graceful, full of composition, dense and complex. In the shape of a Longsheng basket, the five kinds of flowers in different seasons symbolize the five elements of traditional Chinese culture.
It expresses the allegorical characteristics of prosperity, splendid and complete happiness and the "beauty of ideals". Corresponding to reality, the "ideal beauty" is different from the entity in objective life, and the flower and bird painters of the two Song Dynasty constantly obtain a balance between the subjective and the objective, seeking transformation.
The flower and bird paintings of the Song people are not true or concrete, but in the inner gods, and in the high unity and completeness of the objective image and spiritual character. Based on the wisdom of the flower and bird painters of the Two Song Dynasty to capture the vitality of life in the art world, as well as the charm of superb and agile expression.
«——【Original Intention: The Waiting of the "Ideal Beauty" of the Flower and Bird Painting of the Two Song Songs·——»
The original intention of an era gave birth to the two Song Dynasty flower and bird paintings. The Song Dynasty had reached a high degree of prosperity in terms of culture and education, commodity economy, and scientific innovation. The rapid development of urban construction and the extreme prosperity of commerce and trade in the two Song Dynasty promoted the rapid take-off of the economy.
At that time, the social environment was relatively stable, and the prosperity of agriculture, silk weaving, papermaking, printing, porcelain, trade and commerce, science, science, and literature created a unique humanistic atmosphere for the ruling class of culture and art of the two Song Dynasty and the enthusiasm of the well-dressed nobles for flower and bird painting.
An unprecedented artistic trend has been set off in the entire upper class, making the collection and evaluation of works of art a common practice. Many aristocrats, and even Song Huizong himself, actively participated in the art practice of painting, raising the importance of painting to the same level as poetry and poetry, and used it to express their nostalgia.
The flower and black paintings of the Song and Song dynasties mainly inherited the painting style of the five dynasties of Xishu and Huangzhen. After the Song Dynasty, due to Huang Ju's son, Huang Juxian, who vigorously advocated it, brought the flower and bird painting style of the court of Xishu into the painting academy of the Northern Song Dynasty, and fused the techniques of the predecessors, and set a high standard.
The rich painting style of the two Song Dynasty flower and bird paintings laid a deep cornerstone. Therefore, the flower and bird paintings of the Huang family father and son were invisibly dyed with a graceful and elegant royal atmosphere, and the people of the time were known as "the wealth of the Huang family". In the picture, narcissus and plum blossoms echo each other, with buds waiting to be released, and the red camellia is gorgeous and colorful.
The green foliage heralds the arrival of early spring. Rather than depicting the cold winter wax moon, the painter is singing the praises of the hope of spring, thus showing its otherworldly meaning. It can be seen that the beauty of the Song Dynasty flower and bird painting is a reflection of different ideals, and it is a comprehensive embodiment of the artist's artistic concept and reality.
«——【Huixin: The Connotation of the "Ideal Beauty" of the Flower and Bird Paintings of the Two Song Songs·]——»
First-class paintings are not only lively and moving in the expression of the subject matter and way, but also the inner vitality behind the works is more brilliant, which is indispensable to the painter's wisdom of looking at things and taking images - Huixin and Song Huawu painters have perfected the artistic conception of the picture and other aspects.
The rich, auspicious, solemn and tranquil, beautiful and subtle meaning of the work reveals the connotation of the "ideal beauty" of the flowers and birds of the Two Song Dynasty. The "ideal beauty" of flower and bird painting has cast the painter's comprehensive understanding of nature, reason, and image.
The flower and bird painters of the Two Song Dynasty continued to make trade-offs and truth-seeking on the basis of sketching the true meaning of life and respecting the law, and they used natural objects to express the internal changes of things. Deng Chun of the Southern Song Dynasty recorded in "Painting Succession": "Huizong built the Longde Palace, and ordered to wait for the edict to paint the screen wall in the palace, which was the choice of the moment.
This is the spring in the day, there is no difference, so it is rewarded'. Zhao estimates that the oblique branches of the middle hall of the Longde pot are due to the ingenuity and subtlety of "those who are in the middle of the spring in this time", as well as the ultimate expression of advocating legal principles.
Under the guidance of the artistic trend of the Song Dynasty to observe human reason and pay attention to the law, the flower and bird painters of the two Song Dynasty were proficient in analyzing the laws of nature, pursuing rigorous modeling of objects, following objective and timely, delicate and exquisite coloring, conforming to environmental objects, and diligent in describing the thousands of morphological changes of objects and images in different seasons and climatic conditions.
Through artistic expression, his desire for "knowledge" has reached the scope of studying physics, so as to present the richness and richness of the meaning of the work. Concentration: The inheritance of the "ideal beauty" of the flower and bird paintings of the Two Song Songs, the ideal beauty of the flower and bird paintings of the Two Song Dynasty comes from the reality of nature.
The Song people's unremitting desire and pursuit of the spiritual characteristics of the flower and black elephant. What is commendable is that the flower and bird painters are not satisfied with the artistic expression of blindly handicraft, they devote themselves to study, and on the basis of inheriting the painting achievements of their predecessors, they continue to innovate and change.
The flower and bird paintings of the Two Song Dynasty were extremely prosperous in the history of mainland painting. With the support of the ruling class, the system of the Northern Song Dynasty Painting Academy was perfected to the greatest extent, providing a strong foundation for the cultivation of later flower and bird painting talents.
At that time, the Hanlin Painting Academy attached great importance to improving the creative ability and artistic accomplishment of painters, and its assessment standards were also quite strict. In order to inspire the students' artistic thinking, the Academy was equipped with the most powerful teaching team at that time.
According to the different levels of cultivation of the students of the academy, they are taught according to their aptitude, and special attention is paid to the improvement of the painter's own self-cultivation, as well as the expression of the artistic conception, taste and thought of the works. In the later Xuanhe Painting Academy, the emergence of "painting science" not only improved the status of painters!
It has greatly promoted the comprehensive cultural literacy of the painters of the academy. Fundamentally speaking, the ideal beauty of the works of flowers and birds in the Two Song Songs is a comprehensive perception of the external things acting on the inner spiritual world, and is a two-way product of inner and external experience.
The Song people supported the words and aspirations of objects through expression, and rendered the inner spiritual expectations and lofty personality ideals with the help of external things. The painter's experience determines the layered style of the work, which is the core of the "ideal beauty" of flower and bird painting.
The style comes from the artist's observation and perception of life, the accumulation of knowledge and cultivation, and more importantly, the painter's character and sentiment. Taking Li Song as an example, he used to be a carpenter when he was young, and after becoming a painter in the academy, he continued to study hard, be proficient in creation, and never rest.
When you are old, you will always care about the lower class people. He uses real life as a prototype to express the life of working people, he captures the agility from social nature, and discovers and creates the subtle beauty that ordinary people are inadvertently aware of.
Guo Ruoxu said in "Pictures and Stories: On Qi Yun is not a teacher": "Since the character is already high, the charm must be high; The charm is already high, and the vividness has to come. The so-called gods are gods and gods, and they can be refined. "The flower and bird paintings of the Two Song Dynasty are like brilliant stars in the history of mainland art.
Painters such as Zhao Ji and Li Song have diligently pursued the wonderful style they have depicted, and they are still praised for their wonderful style. His academic attitude, ingenuity and unique artistic techniques, and spiritual character are inexhaustible treasures for future generations.
«——【·Conclusion·】——»
With the changes of the times, humanities and technology, there have been new changes in the art form, expression content and aesthetic taste of flower and bird painting, and how to get nourishment from traditional art to adapt to the development of today's flower and bird painting has become a topic that every modern flower and bird painter must ponder.
Re-examining the brilliant artistic achievements of the two Song Dynasty paintings, it can be seen that the painters are not satisfied with the constraints of inherent techniques, the fetters of the real environment, and the limitations of ordinary subjects.
Based on the times, rigorous and studious, they understand all things, integrate the perception of life and art into their works, convey the ideal beauty of connecting society, man and nature, cause people to regain their ideals and beliefs, and shape the humanistic cultivation and character of diligence, hard work and progress.
Information sources:
"Special Exhibition of Ancient Chinese Flowers and Trees"