«——【Preamble】】 ——»
Yang Jijing, a qin man in Wuzhong in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, has almost no record in the existing documents, and the deeds of this qin man have been handed down through the pen and ink of Wumen painters in the Ming Dynasty. So, what are Yang Jijing's achievements?
«——【Painting】】 ——»
The members of the Wumen's "social elite", who were "literati", "eunuchs", "hermits", "calligraphers and painters", and their artistic social networks were extremely complex and extensive, and they often interacted with the local qin practitioner Yang Jijing.
According to the brick painting "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest and Rong Qi Period" in the Nanjing Museum, Yang Jijing's shirtless and barefoot clothing is very similar to Ji Kang, Rong Qi Period, Ruan Ji and others in the portrait bricks, with the typical unconventional etiquette of the literati of the Wei and Jin dynasties, and the meaning of "facing and exuding naked drink".
There are two sets of character layouts in the "Qin Shi Tu". The main character, Yang Jijing, wears a cyan scarf, a white shirt, and an ink-colored belt, sitting shirtless and barefoot on his knees, placing the piano on his lap and stroking the piano, his right hand is alone in the group, and his left hand is pressing the strings, looking into the distance.
Wen Boren said: "Take Su as or say that the image of Yang Zi is like yes? Wenzi said that the elephant is also. "We have no way of knowing whether Yang Jijing, who was in the Ming Dynasty, often walked among the mountains and forests in the clothes that were popular during the Wei and Jin dynasties, and we can't be sure whether Yang Jijing's appearance on the picture is realistic.
But what is certain is that the painter Tang Yin highly admired Tao Qian and others who had the style of the Wei and Jin dynasties, and when painting for Yang Jijing, he replaced "Yang Jijing" and "Tao Yuanming" in time and space, and used Tao Qian's "the meaning of the piano is not on the strings" to depict the otherworldly realm of Gaoshi.
In February, the pianist Yang Jijing went to Jinling, and Tang Yin wrote "Journey to the South" as a gift. Picture scroll 1 Gaoshi riding a donkey slowly on the mountain path, behind the boy holding the piano to follow, near the elm, locust trees and other staggered and mixed, the mountain road is gentle and tortuous, surrounded by small rivers.
On the mountain road, there are peddlers and pawns pushing flatbed trucks back and forth, full of wind and frost, which reflects the temperament and identity of Yang Jijing, the protagonist of the picture. Tang Yin inscribed a poem: "The spring breeze on the river blows the tender elm, and the piano sends the child to drag the long coat." If you meet a bosom friend, you can get married anywhere.
Ji Kang was scattered in Guangling in the old days, and the tone of the lonely millennium was correct, and today he sent you to visit this place, and he may look for palace merchants according to the score. Zhu Yunming's poem "Sending Yang to Play the Piano and Visiting Jinling" said: "Xuantong hangs Zhu silk, Bizhen gold emblem, and climbs the platform alone."
Sitting on the stone, with a wave, the Qing Shang is not as sad as the Qing Corner. The phoenix returns, the phoenix returns, and the red sun is beautiful in autumn. The autumn sun is about to fall, and the phoenix will not come. Yuan Yongzhi's inscription said: "If you want to play the clouds and the emperor's township, Zhongshan Liri Wuyunxiang."
«——[Nanxun Yisong Minkangfu, Absolutely Win Zhou See Phoenix]——»
The lower third of the picture is a small portrait of Yang Jijing. Below the tall banana tree is a stone rockery, and below the stone, Yang Jijing wears a square scarf, a white long-sleeved robe, and a long ink-colored belt that naturally hangs down, sitting cross-legged on a rectangular blanket, with the piano on his lap, looking ahead, steady and serene.
Yang Jijing picked the string with his right hand to make a reed with a wild goose, pressed the string with his left hand, and there were a few clusters of small stones and bluegrass in front of him and on his side. The plantain is thick, higher than the mountain stone, and is lightly dyed with ink, and the mountain stone is slightly re-dyed with ink, and the picture as a whole presents a light and elegant meaning.
The picture is partly on paper, but Wen Boren's inscription is written on silk, which is based on speculation that the original picture should have been a small vertical scroll at the earliest. Now the picture is a horizontal axis, starting from the inscription of the first Wenhui Ming Lishu "small statue of the qin scholar Yang Jijing", the middle is the statue of Yang Jijing, and the end is the inscription of many literati in Wuzhong.
In the picture, Yang Ji sits quietly on a stool, dressed as a Confucian student, in a beige wide-sleeved Confucian robe, with an ink-colored collar, sleeves, and the bottom of the robe, and the piano is placed on his lap, and his hands are caressing the qin. The pen is concise and Wu Changshuo inscribed in 1917: "To be edicted to be the ancient gold wrong knife, even the book and the qin are full of affection."
The pen really has the meaning of the Han and Wei dynasties, and it can be for the joy of Yangzi. Ten continents are also stunts in writing pictures, arranging incense and a few slots, reading paintings should recognize the strings and voices, and the flowing water and mountains are in the ears. Ding Si at the end of February, Mr. Erfeng belonged to the title of the lame Taoist priest to give Huang Wu bricks to research, Wu Changshuo was seventy and four years old. ”
This work was commissioned by Yang Jijing, and it was made "without resignation", not out of the original intention of artistic creation. Collectors Gao Shiqi and Wu Changshuo also focused on Qiu Ying's paintings and Wen Huiming's official calligraphy, while almost ignoring the presence of Yang Jijing in the painting.
«——【Yang Jijing's correspondence with the literati of Wumen·——»
"Prosperous since ancient times", the land of Gusu in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the economy is highly developed, under the influence of "three thousand floors of green sleeves, one hundred taels of gold and one hundred taels of water in the west and east", local magnates, landlords, etc. have spent huge sums of money to build private gardens, and invited them to go to their own gardens to drink and enjoy calligraphy and painting.
This undoubtedly increased the scope of activities of the local literati elite. It was a very common practice for literati to give each other paintings and calligraphy works, and such exchanges were often inherited across generations and families. A literati with a certain degree of influence and appeal.
Writing stereotypical literary forms such as "biography", "sacrifice", "preface", "praise", "epitaph", "remember", "words" and "inscriptions" among each other, singing poems and harmonizing on various occasions, and using calligraphy and painting as gifts, are the realities that the literati elite cannot avoid.
They often skillfully use this kind of communication to broaden their networks and increase their social value for their own politics and art. Clean, with full facial expressions and expressive eyes. There is a request for people, in the letters between Yang Jijing and the literati of the Ming Dynasty.
There is a category that shows Yang Jijing begging for something. Zhu Yunming sent a letter to Yang Jijing: "Do you use the number of the quality hermitage?" Notice. If you want to go to the countryside on the fourth day of the first day, you can do it, so you have to do it tomorrow and tomorrow, or you can hand over the four things first. Carelessly! Yun Ming bowed his hand. Brother Ji Jing stepped down. ”
Wu Yi said to Yang Jijing: "There is no reason for things to be done, I hope to show that I know it." Fortunately, don't reciprocate with words. Empty and round-trip. Yesterday's fan was not accepted, and today it is begging to be harvested. Yi Bai. Ji Jingqi's family. ”
Zhu Yunming's letter to Yang Jijing called "If you want to go to the countryside on the fourth day of the first day, you can promote it"
Yang Jijing asked Zhu Yunming to ask for something, and promised to give this person a certain reward afterwards, so Yunming proposed that "it is good to hand over four things first". Wu Yi's letter to Yang Jijing made it clear that "there is no reason for things to be done", and "the fan has never been accepted".
In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the citizens of Wu were economically prosperous and the commercial society was developed, and Wumen painters would face different classes of seekers. Zhu Yunming inscribed the poem "Inscription Huiming Wrote a Gift to Pan Chongli on the "Shrub Cold Spring Map" presented by Wen Huiming to his friend Pan Chongli.
Shen Zhou's poem "Mi Sheng Seeking Painting" wrote: "Mi Sheng's good painting is really a habit, and the east and west are all over the search. The large axis and the small axis are equipped with Wu Aya, overlapping the rivers and mountains and opening the wall. Recently, the old man has been deducted four times, and he can't get it. Autumn Creek is a fishing rod hand, and the fallen leaves are clear and the waves shine in color.
The sentence "There are no waves when the wind passes" is quite interesting, and "wind" can be speculated to be Yang Jijing's request to Zhu Yunming for poetry on some special and more suitable occasion to ask for poetry, which may be at the time of the elegant gathering, or after the banquet is drunk.
And "wave" refers to "chanting poems", which shows that Ji Jing did not receive the work on time, worried that Zhu Yunming's "wind" would pass and forget, or not fulfill the promise at that time, and urged him. Qing Dynasty Sheng Dashi commented on the people who "seek painting" in his "Sleeping Tour of Streams and Mountains".
Whoever paints on time must be the first layman in the world: if he paints as scheduled, he is the first lowly worker among painters. The painting is very unworkable, and then in the end refuses to serve the people, and there are people who ask for paintings, read for a few days and urge it, and they are full of painting today.
In modern times, Yang Shibai wrote in the "Qin Science Series: Qin Yu Manlu": "The most treasured of ancient artifacts is the qin. Xia Ding Shang Yi, ancient books and famous paintings are not expensive, but Ding Yi can only be furnished, not suitable for use, not if the piano, press the strings to sound, such as talking with the ancients in a room. ”
As a background, the guqin frequently appears in the paintings of the Ming Dynasty, and we have no way of examining whether the people in these paintings were able to play the qin, but only to prove the important position of the qin in the social life of the literati in the Ming Dynasty. In the paintings of the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there are not many records of the qin people sitting at the qin table and playing the qin.
The most of the painting materials are that the master walks slowly with a cane, and the piano boy holds the piano and follows, walking between the towering mountains and forests and the banks of the Qingxi mountain spring for visiting friends. These scribes carried not a bookcase but a guqin, which was evident from the importance of the Ming guqin in literati exchanges.
As an artistic exchange, the qin appears in the elegant collection pictures of different scenes, restoring the grand occasion of the Ming Dynasty's guqin players and literati elegant gatherings. Such paintings that appeared in the middle of the Ming Dynasty include Shen Zhou's "Nanshan Zhuyu Tu", "Wei Yuan Yaji Tu", Wen Zhengming's "East Garden Tu", "Luoyuan Thatched Cottage Tu" and so on.
Playing the guqin live is indispensable in such an elite literati social gathering, and it is understandable that Yang Jijing, a qinist, is among them with her superb piano skills. It is recorded in "Listening to the Sail Building Calligraphy and Painting Record": Hongzhi Jiazi, in June, Zhu Yunming visited his friend Wen Weiming, and wrote the test paper in the Wuyan room.
«——【·Conclusion·】——»
When Yang Jijing met with literati to learn poetry, calligraphy and painting, he played only the role of "piano master", and Yang Jijing's own literary accomplishment determined that there was a big difference between him and other elite literati in communication and communication.
Playing the piano is his family art, and it is the only skill he excels at, surpassing that of all the literati present. The literati gathered to taste poetry and painting, which is inseparable from the performance of guqin music, and Yang Jijing just needs to be among the social identity of the literati elite group.
Information sources:
Yang Jijing under the Brush of Wu School Painters