#理想家生活#
This content comes from @What's worth buyingAPP, and the views only represent the author's own | Author: Caribbean Kauss
Coase was a media reporter before, and then a NAS industry practitioner, who knows the deepest inside story of the industry!
At first, I came into contact with Synology, QNAP, ASUSTOR , Western Digital, TerraMaster, Drobo, etc., and later experienced and tested them all by Greenlink, Polar Space, Huawei, Lenovo, Lexar, Hikvision, Orrick, etc
No less than 100 NAS have been tested!!
日常在用的5台NAS（绿联DXP480T Plus、绿联DX4600Pro、极空间Z4pro、威联通TS-466C、群晖DS1522+）
NAS dynamics
16、绿联于2024年5月发布9款NAS,分别为绿联DXP2800、DXP4800、DXP4800 Plus、DXP6800 Plus、DXP6800 Pro、DXP8800、DXP8800 Plus、DXP8800 Pro、DXP480T Plus,处理器大幅度升级,同时也带来全新的UGOS Pro系统。
15. In October 2023, Extreme Space will release a total of 3 new products, including T2 Portable Magic Box, Z4 Pro, and Z423, with a significant upgrade of processors.
14、威联通于2023年9月份发布TS-AI642,6盘位ARM架构,AI NAS。
13. In July 2023, Synology released the DS224+, 2-bay, J4125 processor, and dual 1G Ethernet ports, just like the DS720+.
12. Polar Space will release Z2 PRO and Q2C in June 2023, both of which are 2-bay entry models, and the processor is Rockchip RK3568, of which Z2 PRO has a 2.5G network port.
11. Greenlink will release DX4600+ and DX4600Pro in May 2023, DX4600+ only adds HDMI interface on the basis of DX4600, and DX4600Pro upgrades the N6005 processor.
10. In April 2023, QNAP released two super flagships, the TVS-h674 and TVS-h874 powered by Intel's 12th Gen processors, and the system has been updated with the major version QTS5.1.0 Beta, adding SMB multi-channel, and Docker support for real-time modification.
9. Synology released the DS423+, DS723+, and DS1823XS+ in February 2023, of which the DS423+ uses the J4125 processor, the DS723+ uses the R1600 processor, and the DS1823XS+ uses the AMD V1780B processor.
The 2022 story has been deleted
Introduction to NAS
NAS can be thought of as a "simplified" and "private" storage server, which is the equivalent of offloading the storage device for enterprise applications to a normal home environment.
There are many things it can do, and many gamers who are new to NAS are mostly interested in its large network disk, multi-person sharing, remote downloads and other functions, but it is not very clear what it can do. So the author can briefly sort out the functions that NAS can bring to players:
1. Private cloud, which can avoid network sweeping, store private files anytime and anywhere, share cross-platform files, and easily run full network bandwidth.
2. It has a large capacity, often tens of terabytes, and is composed of a disk array composed of multiple mechanical hard disks, and also has a variety of data protection strategies.
3、支持多种访问协议，如SMB、NFS、CIFS、FTP、HTTP、DLNA、Air Play2等等，访问十分方便。
4. It can be accessed on multiple platforms, with application clients on various platforms, such as Android, iOS, Windows, MacOS, Linux, and tablets.
5. In addition, there are a lot of tricks in terms of gameplay, because it supports Docker and virtual machines, so all kinds of functions can be developed, and it can be used as a download machine, video and audio center, virtual machine, soft routing, game server, HTPC, etc., the above experience needs to be added to the word "etc.", because the gods have developed too many ways to play, such as setting up e-book libraries, comic libraries, music libraries, picture libraries, web servers, setting up forums, game servers, DNS servers, code repositories, transit agents, Running virtual machines, running scripts, mining, and so on.
NAS Faction Chapter
Traditional NAS vendors: QNAP, Synology, etc
Cooss prefers to call them "storage server" manufacturers, and the exclusive system features are very complete, and you can basically have all the functions you want, whether it is a business environment or a home environment, and the storage technology is solid and profound. However, the system design is biased towards the server side, and the operation is slightly more complicated for novice players.
Light NAS manufacturers: Greenlink, Lenovo, Polar Space, Hikvision, Orrick, etc
Cooss prefers to call them "NAS" vendors, these manufacturers have a relatively new concept of system design, have Internet thinking, meet the needs of family novice players, home functions such as video and audio playback, downloads, external network access, etc., thoughtful and comprehensive, basic function design is simple and easy to use, but the system is relatively thin, and the technical background is shallow.
Note: Greenlink began to exert force in the direction of professional-grade NAS!
NAS Architecture
The processor used in NAS is divided into 2 architectures, one is Intel, AMD's X86 architecture, the other is Realtek, Rockchip's ARM architecture, the two processor architectures are very different, performance and gameplay are also very different, ARM performance is poor, only suitable for entry-level play, X86 architecture is the backbone and flagship power.
X86 architecture processor
Most of the X86 architecture processors are mid-range and high-end NAS, and most of them have strong performance and can be played with many extended applications, suitable for playing virtual machines, Docker, soft routing, PT, etc.
ARM-based processors
Most of the NAS with ARM architecture processors are entry-level consumer NAS and enterprise-level NAS, most of which are biased towards basic data storage, 10 Gigabit transmission and audio-visual functions, and other gameplay involves less, if it is only storage and audio-visual can be considered, if there are other needs, it is recommended to choose X86 NAS, of course, ARM architecture can also play Docker, hang PT, etc.
NAS Shopping
This section has a list of NAS product models on the market, including the brand model, the processor used, the network port and some of its features, and will also provide the lowest price in history in the past for your reference.
2 bays
When I first entered the NAS pit, I used the 2-drive NAS for 4 years, but in the 5th year, my data volume became more and more, and the 2-bay NAS gradually became a bit of a chicken rib for me, so I switched to the 4-bay NAS to continue to use.
Coos recommends:
Household high-end: Greenlink DH2600, Greenlink DXP2800
家用入门：绿联DH2100+
Next, I will only introduce a few NAS that are very worth buying, and I will not introduce those that are not worth buying.
As a new product, the Green Union DXP2800 scared everyone as soon as it came out, and it came up with the king fried N100 processor, which was placed on a 2-bay NAS, and also provided 2 NVMe SSD bays. Moreover, the new series of NAS have been replaced with the new UGOS Pro new system, and the bottom layer of the new system is the latest Debian12, which is the best in terms of compatibility, playability, security, and expandability.
UGREEN 绿联 DXP2800 双盘位 私有云NAS存储（Intel N100、8GB）
Greenlink DH2600, 2-bay NAS is the most cost-effective, the processor is N5105, providing 2 M.2 NVMe SSD slots, 1 2.5GbE network port, whether it is Docker, HTPC home theater can be easily controlled, in addition, it is characterized by external network access, all NAS brands inside and outside the network access bandwidth to the most sufficient manufacturer, even if there is no public IP can also be accessed at full speed and quickly, in addition to green cloud cinema, picture backup, Docker is doing a good job.
UGREEN 绿联 DH2600 双盘位NAS (N5105、4GB)
QNAP TS-264C is a representative of traditional NAS, this 2-bay is still very good, the processor is N5095, the performance is OK, it also provides 2 M.2 NVMe SSD slots, HDMI2.0 interface, 2 2.5GbE network ports, whether it is win11 virtual machine, soft routing, Docker, HTPC home theater can be easily controlled.
QNAP TS-264C Cosmos Cube 8G RAM, 2-bay Quad-Core Processor NAS Server with built-in dual M.2 slot NAS private cloud
4 bays
4-bay NAS is the backbone choice of the general population, it basically meets the storage capacity choice of ordinary household people, and also has a variety of disk arrays for consideration, I am playing NAS for the 5th year to replace it with a 4-bay model, at present, each model is basically fully occupied, storing all kinds of movies, music, shooting materials and other materials.
Caribbean Cowes Measured Recommendations:
One step: Greenlink DXP4800, Greenlink DXP4800 Plus
家庭影音：威联通TS-466C、极空间Z4Pro、绿联DX 4600 Pro
小型办公：群晖DS423+、威联通TS-466C
Next, I will only introduce a few NAS that are very worth buying, and I will not introduce those that are not worth buying.
Greenlink DXP4800 Plus, a one-step model. It uses the latest Pentium 8505 processor, which has strong performance, and even supports 2.5G network port + 10 Gigabit! There are also 2 NVMe SSD bays and an SD card slot. Moreover, the new series of NAS have been replaced with the new UGOS Pro new system, and the bottom layer of the new system is the latest Debian12, which is the best in terms of compatibility, playability, security, and expandability.
UGREEN Private Cloud DXP4800Plus 4-bay NAS Network StoragePersonal Cloud Disk, Home Server, AI Album, 10 Gigabit Ethernet port, suitable for iPhone 15
Greenlink DXP4800, the just-released mid-to-high-end flagship model. It uses the latest N100 processor, which has strong performance and dual 2.5G network ports! There are also 2 NVMe SSD bays and an SD card slot. Moreover, the new series of NAS have been replaced with the new UGOS Pro new system, and the bottom layer of the new system is the latest Debian12, which is the best in terms of compatibility, playability, security, and expandability.
UGREEN Private Cloud DXP4800 4-bay NAS, NAS, Personal Cloud Disk, Home Server, AI Album, File Sync, Mobile Phone & Tablet Expansion, Compatible with iPhone 15
Polar Space Z4Pro, a mid-to-high-end flagship model, uses N97 and N305 processors, N305 has very strong performance, dual 2.5G network ports! It also provides 2 NVMe SSD bays, supports virtual machines and Docker, and has good entertainment applications and basic protocol functions.
Polar Space Private Cloud Z4Pro16G Edition 4-bay NAS Home Network Storage Server Mobile Phone and Tablet Expansion
QNAP TS-464C2 is a traditional NAS model with a processor of the previous generation N5095, which is absolutely sufficient for both home and virtual machine scenarios, providing two M.2 NVMe SSD slots, 8GB expandable memory, HDMI2.0 interface, and two 2.5GbE network ports.
QNAP TS-464C2 Universe Cube Quad-Core Processor NAS NAS Server with Built-in Dual M.2 Slots
Synology DS423+, if there are still players who focus on Synology having the best system in the traditional camp, then Synology DS423+ is the most worthwhile model, and I personally think it is much better than the 923+! It uses the previous generation processor Intel J4125, the performance is OK, enough for home use (the virtual machine feels a little difficult), and it also provides 2 M.2 NVMe SSD slots, 2 Gigabit Ethernet ports.
Synology DS423+ Quad-Core 4-Bay NAS Server Private Cloud File Storage Data Backup (No Internal Hard Drive)
6 bays
6-bay NAS is a flagship-level, and many models are already enterprise-level, but for individual users with serious daily data growth, it is also a high-end product that has always been worth buying, and the 6-bay NAS far exceeds the average of 4-bay in terms of performance and storage capacity.
Caribbean Cowes recommended
1. I want to consider a simple and easy-to-use system: Greenlink DXP6800 Plus, Greenlink DXP6800 Pro
2. Server-level experience: QNAP TS-664, QNAP TS-673A, and Synology DS1621+
Other models are not recommended, and the cost performance and performance must be the same!
Greenlink DXP6800 Plus, a modern equipment full of hardware, various processes are extremely advanced, using Intel i3-1215U processor, the performance is very strong, and it also supports 2.5G network port + 10 Gigabit network port! There are also 2 NVMe SSD bays and an SD card slot. Moreover, the new series of NAS have been replaced with the new UGOS Pro new system, and the bottom layer of the new system is the latest Debian12, which is the best in terms of compatibility, playability, security, and expandability.
UGREEN's private cloud DXP6800Plus six-bay NAS network storage personal cloud disk home server AI photo album 10 Gigabit Ethernet port supports hierarchical permission management
Greenlink DXP6800 Pro, the hardware is better, using Intel i5-1235U processor, the performance is very strong, and it also supports dual 10 Gigabit network ports + dual Thunderbolt 4 interfaces! There are also 2 NVMe SSD bays and an SD card slot. Moreover, the new series of NAS have been replaced with the new UGOS Pro new system, and the bottom layer of the new system is the latest Debian12, which is the best in terms of compatibility, playability, security, and expandability.
UGREEN Private Cloud DXP6800Pro 6-bay NAS network storage, personal cloud disk, home server, AI photo album, dual 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports, support hierarchical permission management
The QNAP TS-664 is an enterprise-oriented device that supports PCIe expansion for 10 Gigabit and commercial and home use. Its processor is the previous generation N5095, the performance is absolutely sufficient, it also provides 1 PCIe3.0 slot, 2 M.2 NVMe SSD slots, HDMI2.0 interface, 2 2.5GbE network ports, whether it is 4K high bit rate video creation, 10 Gigabit file transfer, win11 virtual machine, soft routing, Docker, HTPC home theater can also be easily controlled.
QNAP TS-6646 4G RAM Quad-Core Processor NAS Server with Dual M.2 Slots NAS Private Cloud (TS-653D Upgraded)
QNAP TS-673A is also a high-performance NAS for commercial and home use, using AMD Ryzen V1500B quad-core processor, which has strong performance, but it does not have an integrated graphics card, it also provides 2 PCIe 3.0 slots, 2 M.2 NVMe SSD slots, HDMI2.0 interface, 2 2.5GbE network ports, whether it is 4K high-bitrate video creation, 10 Gigabit file transfer, win11 virtual machine, soft routing, Docker, HTPC home theater can be easily controlled.
QNAP TS-673A8G memory, NAS server disk array, QSW-1105-5T5 x 2.5GbE unmanaged fanless package
Synology DS1621+ is a high-performance NAS for commercial and home use, powered by AMD Ryzen V1500B quad-core processor, which has the strongest performance among the recommended NAS above. It is also not possible to expand the graphics card. It provides 1 PCIe 3.0 slot (10 Gigabit expansion), 2 M.2 NVMe SSD slots, and 4 1GbE Ethernet ports, which can easily control 4K high-bitrate video creation, 10 Gigabit file transfer, and Docker.
Synology DS1621+ Quad Core 6-bay NAS NAS Server Enterprise Cloud Storage Data Backup (No Hard Drive Included)
All of them are self-operated links of JD.com, the above is the introduction of the characteristics, players should rest assured to eat.
8 bays
The 8-bay NAS is already the top in the home field, and it is also the backbone of the enterprise, which is the best in terms of storage capacity, device performance, and scalability, and it is also the most expensive.
Caribbean Cowes recommended
1. I want to consider a simple and easy-to-use system: Greenlink DXP8800, Greenlink DXP8800 Plus, Greenlink DXP8800 Pro
2. Server-level experience: QNAP TS-873A and Synology DS1823+
Greenlink DXP8800, modern equipment full of hardware, various processes are extremely advanced, using Intel i3-1215U processor, from 63 cores and 8 threads, upgraded to 10 cores and 12 threads. The performance is very strong, and it also supports dual 10G 10G 10 Gigabit network ports + dual Thunderbolt 4 interfaces! It also offers 2 NVMe SSD bays, a PCIe 4.0 expansion slot, and an SD card slot. Moreover, the new series of NAS have been replaced with the new UGOS Pro new system, and the bottom layer of the new system is the latest Debian12, which is the best in terms of compatibility, playability, security, and expandability.
UGREEN: DXP8800 8-bay NAS, NAS, network storage, personal cloud disk, home server, dual 10 Gigabit Ethernet port, AI photo album, team office, and hierarchical management of permissions
Compared with 8800, the green DXP8800 Plus only upgrades the processor, the new processor uses Intel i5-1235U, upgraded from 6 cores and 8 threads to 10 cores and 12 threads, the performance is very strong, and it also supports dual 10G 10 Gigabit network ports + dual thunderbolt 4 interfaces! It also offers 2 NVMe SSD bays, a PCIe 4.0 expansion slot, and an SD card slot. Moreover, the new series of NAS have been replaced with the new UGOS Pro new system, and the bottom layer of the new system is the latest Debian12, which is the best in terms of compatibility, playability, security, and expandability.
UGREEN Private Cloud DXP8800Plus 8-bay NAS network storage, personal cloud disk, home server, AI photo album, dual 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports, support hierarchical permission management
Compared with the 8800 Plus, the green DXP8800 Pro has only upgraded the processor, the new processor uses Intel i7-1255U, the same is 10 cores and 12 threads, the main frequency becomes higher, the integrated display is stronger, the performance is outrageous, and it also supports dual 10G 10 Gigabit network port + dual thunderbolt 4 interface! It also offers 2 NVMe SSD bays, a PCIe 4.0 expansion slot, and an SD card slot. Moreover, the new series of NAS have been replaced with the new UGOS Pro new system, and the bottom layer of the new system is the latest Debian12, which is the best in terms of compatibility, playability, security, and expandability.
UGREEN Private Cloud DXP8800Plus 8-bay NAS network storage, personal cloud disk, home server, AI photo album, dual 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports, support hierarchical permission management
QNAP TS-873A is a high-performance NAS for commercial and home use, powered by AMD Ryzen V1500B quad-core processors. Compatible with QTS or QuTS hero operating system itself does not have integrated graphics, it also provides 2 PCIe3.0 slots, 2 M.2 NVMe SSD slots, HDMI2.0 interface, 2 2.5GbE network ports, whether it is 4K high bitrate video creation, 10 Gigabit file transfer, win11 virtual machine, soft routing, Docker can be easily controlled.
QNAP TS-873A8G Memory, 8-bay Desktop NAS Server, Private Cloud Storage, Disk Array
Synology DS1823XS+ is a high-performance NAS that can be used for commercial and home use, using AMD Ryzen V1780B quad-core processors, which are very high-performance and do not have an integrated graphics card. It is also not possible to expand the graphics card. It provides 1 PCIe 3.0 slot (10 Gigabit expansion), 2 M.2 NVMe SSD slots, 2 1GbE Ethernet ports, and 1 10 Gigabit interface, whether it is 4K high-bitrate video creation, 10 Gigabit file transfer, and Docker can be easily controlled.
Note: Because 1823XS+ only goes through dealer channels, all online is not sold, and the flat replacement model is 1821+, the link is as follows:
Synology DS1821+ Quad-Core, 8-bay NAS Server File Server Data Backup (No HDD as standard)
All of them are self-operated links of JD.com, the above is the introduction of the characteristics, players should rest assured to eat.
How to play NAS
Home theater
Generally speaking, the size of a blu-ray 4k movie is about 50~100GB. Due to different format encoding, the compression ratio is different, and the actual capacity varies greatly. Moreover, in terms of compression, there are also lossy compression and lossless compression. For example, uncompressed avi, and lossless compressed AVC, HEVC, the volume is not an order of magnitude, let's have a rough understanding. Some hamster players with a hobby of collecting have a capacity of tens or hundreds of terabytes at every turn. With so many resources, judging from the current market-oriented consumer products, only NAS can be able to install them.
The role played by NAS
NAS is network-attached storage, which literally refers to a device that is connected to a network and has the function of data storage, so it is also called "network storage". If it only uses its storage function, then the cheapest NAS night on the market can meet the construction of NAS video and audio library, it supports SMB, NFS, DLNA and other protocols to stream to any playable device on the LAN.
NAS also plays the role of downloading, such as PT and torrent downloads. It is most convenient to operate through NAS, but it is inconvenient to use a computer or something. For example, sometimes it is inconvenient to hang a large bag of 1~2TB on the computer all the time.
If gamers still need more functions such as poster wall, real-time decoding, video library management, subtitle scraping, etc., you can try the x86 architecture NAS, x86 platform has high playability, such as Green Cloud Cinema, Extreme Film and Television, KODI, Emby, Jellyfin, PLEX, tinyMediaManager and other kits, which also give players more choices.
Highly recommended gameplay: Plex, Emby, Jellyfin, Greenlink's Green Cloud Cinema, Extreme Space's Extreme Film and Television
Downloader
There are two main levels of downloading audio-visual resources:
1. Find the source of the audio-visual film
2. NAS download tool
How to find sources
Before looking for the source of the film, we need to do some understanding of some of the naming methods of the resource. Including the original 4K Blu-ray disc that we often hear about.
These resources can be downloaded from the PT site and BT site.
PT, BT download
PT definition: PT (Private Tracker) download is actually a kind of download similar to BT download, but there are two obvious improvements: one is a private small area download, and the other is traffic statistics, which determines your permissions according to the number of downloads.
Differences with BT:
1. The essence of PT is a P2P download based on the BitTorrent protocol, which is the same as BT.
2. PT is a small-scale download.
3. Traffic statistics will be carried out on users to comply with the principle of fairness. You upload as much as you want.
PT is a relatively complex way to play, you need to get started, you need to be familiar with the rules.
How do newbies get a PT invitation code?
1. Some PT stations will be open for registration on a regular basis, so you need to pay attention to information in time;
2. Find a friend for medicine, that is, let a friend invite you in;
3. Or go to the post bar, forum, etc. to ask for the invitation code;
4. The last way is to donate, there is nothing that money can't solve.
Novices are advised to play small stations first.
BT (BitTorrent) downloads correspond to public websites, as long as you can find the link on the Internet, you can download. BT is a user group to user group, the more people download the same file, and after downloading, continue to maintain the upload state for "sharing", the faster the download speed of the data.
However, there is one thing we need to pay attention to, that is, "after downloading, continue to maintain the uploaded state for sharing, the faster the download of the data", but many people will have the following behaviors:
1. Close it after downloading
2. Directly delete the task and do not do the seeding
3. During the download process, do everything possible to limit the upload speed
In addition, there are some blood-sucking download software that modifies the download link, and the data passes through the server, and the server is restricted from downloading and not uploading.
and so on, resulting in torrent often download unsatisfactory results. For example, Apple completely blocks BT download software.
BT sites are generally searched on the web, and they are everywhere.
Caribbean Cowes recommends:
1、qBittorrent（PT下载工具）
2、Transmission（PT下载工具）
NAS hard drives
At present, the hard disks on the market are mainly divided into enterprise disks, NAS disks, monitoring disks and ordinary disks, and there are not many NAS hard disks to choose from, among which only enterprise disks and NAS disks are more suitable, and monitoring disks are improvised. Let me briefly list the NAS disks and enterprise disks on the market:
1. Enterprise disk: Seagate Galaxy Exos series enterprise disk;
2. Enterprise disks: Western Digital Ultrastar series enterprise disks;
3、NAS硬盘:希捷酷狼,希捷酷狼 Pro 系列;
4. NAS hard disk: Western Digital Red Drive Plus, Western Digital Red Drive Pro series;
5. NAS hard disk: Toshiba N300 series.
Many fans have said that NAS hard drives are IQ taxes, and it belongs to the "simplified version" of enterprise disks, but the price is more expensive than enterprise disks! Why is that? In fact, if you say the difference between the two, everyone will understand!
1. Most enterprise disks are 7200 rpm, while 4TB NAS hard disks are mostly 5400, 5900 rpm, and some are 7200 rpm; Note that NAS hard disks of 8TB and above are also 7200 rpm. The speed is closely related to performance, the sequential read and write performance of 7200 rpm is about 230-270MB/s, and the sequential read and write performance of 5400-5900 rpm is about 190-210MB/s.
2. The warranty for enterprise disks is 5 years, and the warranty for NAS hard disks is 3 years. Note: Cool Wolf Pro and Red Disk Pro series are also 5 years. The lifespan, stability, and reliability of enterprise disks are much higher than those of NAS disks.
3. Noise problem: The operating noise of the 7200 rpm hard disk will be louder than that of the 5400 and 5900 rpm hard disk. However, if you do not put the NAS in the bedroom, even if the enterprise disk installed on the NAS is in a room during the day, the noise of the enterprise disk and NAS hard disk will be clearer if it is in the bedroom in the dead of night, and it will be basically inaudible during the day.
4. NAS hard disks generally use special technologies to reduce noise, heat generation and improve stability. For example, the NASware 3.0 technology of Western Digital Red Drive Plus, dual-plane balance control technology, etc. Seagate IronWolf uses AgileArray technology with rotational vibration (RV) sensors, as well as a built-in NAS software, IHM hardware, health management tools, and more.
5. The enterprise disk has the highest reliability, the highest stability, the highest calorific value, and the highest noise. NAS hard disks are relatively optimized, with reduced reliability, less stability, less heat, and less noise, but the price is much higher.
Even though NAS hard drives are much weaker than enterprise hard drives, their lifespan, stability, and reliability are still much higher than ordinary hard drives!
Caribbean Cowes recommends:
1. Western Digital HC550 series
2. Seagate Galaxy series
3. Seagate Cool Wolf series
4. Western Digital Red Disk Plus series
5. Toshiba N300 series
NAS Network
If the NAS is set up at home, how can family members access the data in the NAS at home in other places?
There are many ways to access the NAS from the Internet:
1. There is a public IPv4
2. There is no public IPv4, there is IPv6
3. None
How do I apply for a public IP address?
We apply for a public IP address for external network access, but what is a public IP address? In short, it refers to a non-reserved address on the Internet that is connected to the Internet over the public network. A public IP address is a public IP address used by a host to communicate with an external network, and computers on the public network can access each other with other computers.
Under normal circumstances, you call the broadband operator and say that I need to install monitoring at home, please help open the public IP. Telecom customer service will reply: Okay, I'll handle it for you now, please restart the optical modem device at home in 5 minutes. As for Unicom and Mobile, there is a high probability that it will not work. Please note: Policies vary from region to region.
At present, the public IP we apply for is divided into dynamic IP and static IP, and general family users can only apply for dynamic IP, and only enterprise-level users can apply for static IP.
What is a dynamic IP?
That is, your public IP will change after a period of time. A static IP address is one that never changes.
However, dynamic IP will not affect your daily use, because there is another technology called DDNS (Dynamic Domain Name Service). DDNS is to map the user's dynamic IP address to a fixed domain name resolution service, and every time the user connects to the network, the client program will transmit the host's dynamic IP address to the server program located on the service provider's host through information transmission, and the server program is responsible for providing DNS services and realizing dynamic domain name resolution.
After the DDNS service is enabled, no matter how the public IP changes, the domain name resolution on the NAS or router side is fixed, so we can access the devices at home through the domain name.
What is a domain name?
In short, although IP addresses can uniquely identify computers on a network, IP addresses are a long string of numbers, unintuitive and not easy to remember, so another set of character-based address schemes was invented, so-called domain name addresses. To put it simply, a domain name is the equivalent of putting a coat on an IP address, and the person is still the same person.
For Synology and QNAP, both offer Level 2 domain names for users to use for free.
When the player has obtained the public IP, how will the public IP at home be set?
How Do I Configure a Public IP Address?
Let's take QNAP's NAS as an example, the home network environment is optical modem dial-up, non-bridged, and the architecture is optical modem→ router → NAS. First of all, let's find "myQNAPcloud".
Next, we need to register a QNAP ID to log in. If you enable upnp, you can automatically configure DDNS and myQNAPcloud Link for both NAS and router. This is generally the end of the network, because UPNP will automatically configure the network later.
But this process needs to wait for a while, and it does not necessarily take effect immediately.
If the UPNP function is not available, or the configuration is not successful, you can also manually configure the settings.
The steps to manually set it up are as follows:
Let's only talk about one network environment, that is, the NAS is connected to the router, and the router is connected to the optical modem.
First of all, we need to set the custom port of the NAS. Randomly select a 4-digit or 5-digit number as the system port, and stagger the commonly used ports 5000, 5001, 443, 8080, 8096, and 8089, which will cause conflicts or be easily scanned.
Second, you need to configure port forwarding in the modem. Among them, the internal port and the external port should be kept all the time, this is the port number of the NAS, we can set it at will: such as 8888, 6666, 6789, etc. The server IP address is the address of the WAN port of the router.
Next, you'll need to set up port forwarding in the background of your router. The port number is still the same, the inside and outside remain the same, and the IP address of the LAN host can be set to the NAS address.
This is a complete port forwarding tutorial if you have a public IP.
IPv6 forwarding settings
Please note that the public IP we usually refer to is actually IPv4 on the public network, but sometimes broadband operators can't give IPv4 public network, they will give IPv6. All IPv6 addresses are public IP addresses.
At present, the three major carriers all provide IPv6, so players can still easily access the Internet as long as they set up IPv6. It plays almost identical to IPv4, but there are a few caveats:
First of all, you need to turn on IPv6 in the background of the router, if the router does not support IPv6, there is no way, you can only change the router, many routers have direct settings in the background, choose to turn it on.
Secondly, you need to enable myddns, IPv6 addresses are a long list of addresses, and they will be updated every once in a while, after enabling myddns, qnap also supports automatic updates to get new addresses, which is very convenient.
Finally, China Mobile Unicom Telecom mobile phone network generally supports IPv6 access, but broadband network may not be able to support it.
What should I do if I don't have a public IP address?
At this time, we need to talk about the concept of intranet penetration.
Intranet Penetration Concept: By establishing a secure channel between a reverse proxy service running on a server with a public IP and a reverse proxy service (web server) running on a host in the local area network. Remotely jump to the LAN server by accessing the reverse proxy service of the public cloud host, and can indirectly access other hosts in the LAN through it.
Intranet penetration requires a device with a public IP address as an intermediary to communicate (the common practice is to purchase VPS and deploy NPS or FRP on the VPS side) to connect the intranet and the public network.
Generally, the applications that provide this service are NKN, Dandelion, DDNSTO, frp, Zerotier, and Peanut Shell, and each company adopts different methods.
Caribbean Cowes recommends:
1. If you don't have a public IP, please choose Greenlink and Polar Space (both have their own forwarding, and the external network access speed is very good), don't toss Synology Wicom, tired!
2. If you have a public IP, it is recommended to take the public IP, even if you are a green link or polar space, direct communication is always faster than forwarding!