Medication during pregnancy has always been a topic of great concern to the majority of women, and now many drug instructions will have a sign that it should be used with caution during pregnancy or lactation, or even prohibited, resulting in a lot of doubts when we encounter medication, and it is easy to produce a lot of medication misunderstandings.
Recently, Pan Jiaqian, the pharmacist in charge of the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, joined hands with Lin Xin, the gold medal host of the national health program, to discuss with the majority of netizens in the live broadcast room of the medical federation media about the use of drugs during pregnancy, pregnancy and lactation.
Caution should be exercised in the first trimester of pregnancy to avoid fetal malformations
In the live broadcast room, although many netizens wanted to consult about medication in the first trimester, they did not give a more accurate time. Therefore, Pan Jiaqian, the pharmacist in charge, reminded why we have to emphasize that everyone should tell me the time of intercourse or the time of the last menstruation, because the impact of medication on the fetus is completely different at different gestational weeks. Generally speaking, it can be divided into three stages:
1. The stage when the drug is not easy to teratify: within 2 weeks of fertilization, the fertilized egg is not implanted, and the effect of the drug on the embryo is complete or none. All refers to the early death of the embryo leading to miscarriage; None of the embryos were affected and continued to develop.
2. Teratogenic hypersensitivity period: 3 to 8 weeks after fertilization, the stage of high embryo differentiation, and the period of organ formation, at this time, medication may easily lead to malformations.
3. Teratogenic and low-sensitivity period: 9 weeks to term after fertilization, most of the organs have been formed, and the teratogenic effect is significantly weakened, but the reproductive system, teeth, and nervous system continue to differentiate at this stage, and the use of drugs that have an impact on the above parts is avoided.
Pan Jiaqian, the pharmacist in charge, summarized the principles of medication during several pregnancies, and tried to avoid using any drugs in the first 3 months of pregnancy, and when it must be used, choose safe drugs that have been used for a long time in clinical practice. In addition, drug treatment is based on the minimum effective dose and the shortest effective course, and patients with chronic diseases should be considered for pregnancy after pre-pregnancy counseling and treatment. Use of drugs that may cause teratogenesis in the first trimester of pregnancy, and a comprehensive evaluation before deciding whether to terminate the pregnancy.
Don't be pregnant and sick, take medication in time to avoid risks
In the period of preparing for pregnancy and pregnancy, there are some drugs that need to be absolutely prohibited, such as ribavirin, isotretinoin, methotrexate, which can cause fetal malformations or affect fertility, the above drugs can exist in the body for as long as 6 months, it is recommended that both men and women stop taking the drug for 6 months before considering pregnancy. Pan Jiaqian, the pharmacist in charge, continued to add that because semaglutide and mabaloxavir stay in the body for a long time, they need to be used with caution. To avoid infection of the fetus, MMR vaccine, varicella vaccine and shingles vaccine are not recommended.
Fever during pregnancy is also common, and if it is not cooled down in time, the risk of miscarriage or congenital anomalies increases. When the body temperature exceeds 38.5 degrees, a single preparation of acetaminophen is preferred, cefradine and cefuroxime can be used for bacterial respiratory infections, seawater nasal spray is recommended if nasal congestion is present, and loratadine and cetirizine are available for drug treatment. In addition, severe cough in the third trimester can induce contractions, and acetylcysteine is the first choice for treatment, and dextromethorphan can be used for dry cough, but it should be used with caution in the first trimester.
Keep these safety tips in mind for both breastfeeding and treatment
When can you breastfeed after breastfeeding, which is also a question that netizens are more concerned about. Pharmacist Pan Jiaqian gave advice that you can remember the following tips before taking medicine:
1. Choose drugs with a single active ingredient as much as possible, and avoid compound preparations with multiple ingredients.
2. During breastfeeding, the mother should choose the immediate-release dosage form and avoid the use of sustained-release dosage form to prevent the drug from staying in the mother's body for too long.
3. Take breastfeeding before taking medicine, and prolong the time of the next breastfeeding as much as possible.
4. It is necessary to combine the assessment of the status of the newborn, for example, newborns and premature infants within 3 months should be cautious.
5. CT, X-ray, MRI and other examinations do not affect normal breastfeeding, if the contrast agent is used, breastfeeding after discarding the milk within 24 hours.
Babies under 6 and 6 months old are not suitable for influenza vaccination, it is recommended to obtain antibodies through breast milk, and it is recommended that breastfeeding mothers receive influenza vaccine.
For women who are trying to get pregnant, pregnant and breastfeeding, medicine is not a "flood beast", don't hold on when you are sick, and the right medication can protect the health of pregnant women and babies. In particular, diseases such as diabetes and high blood pressure will increase the risk if they are not controlled by medication in time. Mastering the correct medication techniques and taking medication safely under the guidance of a doctor or pharmacist is the key.
The picture in this article is from the copyright owner, and no website, newspaper, television station, company, organization, or individual may use it in part or in whole without the permission of the copyright owner.