1. Anti-seepage materials
【Formula】Clayey soil film pad
The impermeable layer is laid by impermeable materials with small permeability, and the selection of impermeable materials is based on small permeability coefficient, good stability and low price. At present, there are four commonly used: clay, bentonite, geomembrane, and geotextile bentonite mat (GCL).
2. Construction of mud waterproof layer
【Formula】The core of the grain is dense and viscous, and the mixing ratio is selected and tested
The core of the construction technology of the argillaceous waterproof layer is the construction technology of the mixed soil layer mixed with bentonite. Theoretically, the finer the soil particles, the proper water content, and the higher the compactness, the better the impermeability. Bentonite is a clay rock with montmorillonite as the main mineral component, and the higher the bentonite content, the better the impermeability. However, bentonite is a relatively expensive mineral, and if the soil is over-screened, it will increase the investment cost, so the actual practice is: select the soil source, test the soil composition, and optimize the best mix ratio by making soil samples with different dosages; Do a good job of on-site mixing, strictly control the moisture content, and ensure the degree of compaction; Layered construction synchronous inspection, strict implementation of acceptance standards, and resolute rework that does not meet the requirements. The construction unit shall arrange the construction procedures and construction points according to the above contents.
3. Construction procedures of muddy waterproof layer
【Formula】Checking the base and selecting soil mixing, seepage ratio mixing and pressure test
Acceptance site foundation - select the soil source of the impermeable layer - do multiple groups of tests with different dosages - do multiple groups of soil samples of seepage test - select the impermeability standard and more economical mix ratio as the construction mix ratio - the construction site mixes the soil sample according to the corresponding mix ratio - soil sample on-site paving and compaction - layered construction synchronous inspection - process inspection is completed
4. Key points of technical control of construction quality of muddy waterproof layer
【Formula】The inspection team mixes soil and water pressure
1) The qualifications and performance of the construction team
When selecting the construction team, the qualifications of the construction unit should be reviewed: whether the business license, professional engineering construction permit, and quality management level meet the requirements of the project; Performance and work experience in this type of project; Whether the performance of the contract is good (those who fail to meet the requirements cannot be constructed). Through the review of the qualifications of the construction team, it is ensured that the construction team with the corresponding qualifications and operation capabilities enters the site for construction.
2) Bentonite incoming quality
The material bidding method should be used to select the supplier, review the qualification of the manufacturer, verify the three certificates of the product (product certificate, product manual, product test report), conduct product quality inspection when purchasing, organize product quality re-inspection or witness sampling, and determine that it is qualified before entering the site. Pay attention to product protection after entering the site. Through strict control, ensure that key raw materials are qualified.
3) Determination of the amount of bentonite dosage
The soil should be selected in the construction site, and the best mix ratio should be selected through the comparative analysis of multiple groups of soil samples, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring the construction quality and saving the project cost.
4) Mixing uniformity, water content and compaction
In the process of operation, it should be ensured that the amount of bentonite mixed is accurate, the mixing is uniform, the machine mixing can not be less than 2 times, the maximum deviation of water content should not exceed 2%, and the vibrating roller rolling is controlled at 4~6 times, and the rolling is compact.
5) Quality inspection
It should be carried out in strict accordance with the inspection frequency and quality inspection standards agreed in the contract
5. Construction inspection project of mud waterproof layer
【Formula】Pressure infiltration
The inspection items include compaction test and water seepage test.
6. Bentonite waterproof blanket is selected
【Formula】Sodium powder is on average
(1) The bentonite waterproof blanket used for the landfill anti-seepage system project should use sodium bentonite waterproof blanket, and natural sodium bentonite waterproof blanket or artificial sodium bentonite waterproof blanket can be selected. In addition to complying with the relevant provisions of the current industry standard "sodium bentonite waterproof blanket" JG/T193-2006, the selected sodium bentonite waterproof blanket should also meet the following requirements:
- The volume expansion of bentonite should not be less than 24mL/(2g);
- 抗拉强度不应小于800N/(100mm）；
3）抗剥强度不应小于65N/（10cm）；
4）渗透系数应小于5×10-11m/s；、
5) Antistatic pressure 0.4MPa/1h, no leakage.
(2) Powdered bentonite waterproof blanket or granular bentonite waterproof blanket should be selected according to the anti-seepage requirements, and powdered bentonite waterproof blanket should be preferred in projects with high anti-seepage requirements.
(3) The flatness of bentonite should be ensured and the lack of soil should be prevented.
(4) The bentonite waterproof blanket in the anti-seepage system project of the landfill site should have a smooth surface and uniform thickness, and there should be no holes and edges. The acupuncture of acupuncture products should be uniform and dense, and there should be no residual needle breakage.
7. Bentonite waterproof blanket laying construction
【Formula】It should not be forbidden to store and transport, and special shops are protected by inspection
(1) Bentonite waterproof blanket should be stored in a waterproof, moisture-proof, dry and ventilated warehouse, and should be avoided from exposure, upright and bending. It is strictly forbidden to unpack before formal construction and laying. During storage and transportation, attention must be paid to moisture-proof, waterproof, and anti-damage and leakage. Bentonite waterproof blanket should not be constructed in rain or snow.
(2) The construction of bentonite waterproof blanket shall comply with the following provisions:
1) It should be naturally attached to the base layer, and should not be wrinkled or suspended;
2) It should be distributed in a zigzag shape, and there should be no cross lap;
3) The slope construction should be spread along the slope surface, and the slope should not have horizontal lap joints.
(3) During construction, the coil should be wound on a rigid shaft, and the excavator and loader should be lifted and laid in combination with a special frame, and should be laid flat without wrinkles, and should not be dragged on the ground, and should not be directly driven on it; When laying bentonite waterproof blanket on the slope, it is strictly forbidden to roll down the slope freely. The material at the top of the slope should be buried in the anchor ditch for anchorage.
(4) The connection of bentonite waterproof blanket shall comply with the following provisions
1) The connection laid on site should be lapped. The lap bentonite waterproof blanket should be sprinkled with bentonite powder sealant at 150mm on the edge of the lower bentonite waterproof blanket, the width of which should be 50mm, and the weight should be 0.5kg/㎡. When one side of the bentonite waterproof blanket material is a geomembrane, it should be welded.
2) Bentonite waterproof blanket and its lap parts should be solid with the base layer and free of wrinkles and suspension.
3）搭接宽度为250±50mm。
4) Locally it can be sealed with sodium bentonite powder.
5) After the slope is laid, a margin of not less than 2m of bentonite waterproof blanket should be left on the bottom surface.
(5) When laying bentonite waterproof blanket, the appearance should be checked for defects at any time, and when defects are found, repair measures should be taken in time, and the repair range should be greater than the damage range of 300mm. Bentonite waterproof blanket should be replaced if there is any tear or other damage.
(6) For the construction of bentonite waterproof blanket in special parts such as pipelines or structural columns, the square with the diameter of the pipeline plus 500mm as the side length can be cut first, and then the hole with the same diameter as the diameter of the pipeline can be cut in the center, and the edge can be tightly sleeved on the pipeline after repairing the edge; Bentonite powder is then evenly spread or coated at the junction with the bentonite waterproof blanket around the pipe. The construction of the square structure can be carried out with reference to the above method. In case of penetrating objects or connections with structures, the contact between the bentonite waterproof blanket and the surrounding area should be sealed.
(7) After the construction of bentonite waterproof blanket is completed, effective protective measures should be taken, and no personnel shall wear spiked shoes to step on it, and vehicles shall not be directly crushed on it. After acceptance, waterproof and moisture-proof protection should be done.
Yesterday 口诀6/30
1. What is a sanitary landfill for domestic waste?
【Formula】The membrane is set up
2. General provisions for sanitary landfills for domestic waste
【Formula】Configure water and gas seepage dam filling, seal and repair safety supervision and set up door rails
3. The role of leachate anti-seepage system and collection and drainage system in the landfill area of domestic sanitary landfill
【Formula】The shield is stabilized after discharge
4. The structural form of the landfill area of the living garbage sanitary landfill
【Formula】Collect and drain seepage and protect the base, poor and high liquid detection
5. Basic provisions on landfill site selection and environmental protection
【口诀】期距虑符
6. Landfill site selection and environmental protection standard requirements
【Formula】Stabilize the soil and transport it low, stay away from less occupation, and green the downstream wind
7. Areas where domestic waste landfills shall not be built
【Formula】Since ancient times, floods have not been developed
Three days agomantra 6/28
1. Definition of urban comprehensive pipe gallery
【Formula】There are two types of underground objects
2. The principles to be followed in the construction of the comprehensive pipe gallery project
【Formula】It is advisable to unify before the regulations
3. The structural design service life and structural safety level of the comprehensive pipe gallery
【口诀】101
4. It is advisable to use the comprehensive pipe gallery form for planning and construction
【Formula】The main construction area is difficult to dig heavy tunnels
5. Classification of comprehensive pipe corridors
【Formula】Trunk branch cable
6. The comprehensive pipe gallery accommodates pipelines and construction methods
【Formula】Dry main single machine green, dominate single and double green people non, ditch people cable telecommunications
7. Factors affecting the depth of soil covering in the comprehensive pipe gallery
【Formula】Vertical gauge lotus green jelly
8. The cross-sectional layout of the comprehensive pipe gallery should be set up independently, and the different sides of the thermal power warehouse telecommunications.
【Formula】The two gases are different to heat, and the rain and sewage are left to press
9. What are the ancillary facilities of the comprehensive pipe gallery?
【Formula】Discharge the standard and supervise the electric air dissipation
10. Characteristics of comprehensive pipe gallery
【Formula】Slow and automatic synchronization
Seven days ago, mantra 6/24
1. Key points of horizontal directional drilling construction
【Formula】Guide drill expanding, clearing, paving mud stop
2. Key points of pilot hole drilling construction
【Formula】Measurement and control trial operation, the first root of deviation correction
3. Key points of reaming and hole cleaning
【Formula】Milling group hard tooth soft and hard rock, expand 251 Lianshun
4. Key points of pipeline laying construction
【口诀】检回送填
5. The situation that the operation must be stopped to solve the problem
【Formula】Equipment trajectory hole, twisting and breaking damage in case of overchange
Two weeks agomantra 6/17
1. The function of the compensator:
【Formula】Replenishment and elimination are exempt from insurance
2. Calculation of thermal elongation and thermal expansion stress value of heating pipeline
【Formula】Tube swelling difference
3. Compensator type and characteristics
【Formula】Self-square wave set ball
4. Key points of compensator installation
【Formula】The coaxial shall not be damaged and adjusted, the straight distance bending diameter is guided to make up for zero, and the square wave ball is directly buried
五周前口诀5/28
1. Urban drainage system in mainland China
【Formula】Truncated and mixed with new points
2. The main reason for the serious pollution of the water environment under the existing urban drainage system
【Formula】Heyi mixes non-point sources
3. The main factors that give birth to the development of new drainage systems
【Formula】Hair in the rain
4. New urban drainage system
【Formula】Control rainwater seepage and drainage at the end of the source, combine strength with reduction and increase, use source control and frequency reduction, and save overflow completely
5. Rainwater control technology
【Formula】Infiltrate and clean, wet pond tune
6. The principles that should be followed in the selection of urban drainage system
【Formula】Adapt measures to local conditions to manage and drain sources, and pay attention to new multi-purpose construction
7. Characteristics of the new drainage system
【Formula】Combination of capital and environmental protection and water prevention and reduction
Eight weeks ago, mantra 4/29
1. Spray anchor excavation (mine) method
Lining new support, shallow burial and multi-auxiliary
2. The basic steps of shield construction
Well An Bolus received demolition
3. The shield construction tunnel has the following advantages:
The underground influence is circulating in the amount of safety, and the water content is soft and long
4. There are also some problems in the construction of shield method:
A small shallow air sink waterproof change
5. The structural form of the tunnel constructed by the open cut method
The moment is broken and poured, and the net force is set to the top. Cross-speed
6. Spray anchor excavation (mining) method to construct tunnels
The arch is made with a single layer
7. Initial support
The solid rock group is safe and underwritten for waterproofing
8. Shield tunnel
Factory pre-double-layer full excellent order
9. Segment shape
Steel casting composite reinforced fiber mix, commonly used thick and wide plate large box
10. Pipe ring composition
Adjacent to the ABK
11. The role of the liaison channel
Scattered water defense
12. Liaison channel regulations
It is close to the high gate house
三月前口诀4/2
1. The function and function of geosynthetics
Reinforced protective filter drainage
2. Material properties and purpose of embankment reinforcement
Pull grip to tear the roof to improve the stability of the embankment
3. Construction of reinforced embankment
The principle is to connect the table and fill the unloading slope
4. The subgrade of the back of the platform is filled with soil and reinforced
The purpose is to highly strengthen the mold filling, and avoid the longitudinal overlap pressure between the connections
5. The construction procedure of filling and reinforcing the subgrade of the platform
Clear the table pressure base anchor, spread the positioning points
6. Pavement crack prevention materials and requirements
The glass fiber fabric has strong negative elongation, and the mesh size is simple and resistant to high temperature
7. Roadbed protection
123 slope, float slippery thick curved float
8. Basic requirements for the construction of geosynthetics
The regulations are old and dirty, and the anchor seams are flat
9. Construction quality data of geosynthetics
Concealed log strong side station
![Hub bridge, closed construction![fig]](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAP///wAAACwAAAAAAQABAAACAkQBADs=)