Kim Taejong Honki
Wan Yan Sheng (1075-1135), a Jurchen ethnic group, was a native of Huining County, Huining Prefecture (now Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province), the second emperor of the Jin Dynasty, and the temple name Taizong after his death.
Destroy the emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty
Wan Yan Sheng was the younger brother of Jin Taizu, who was expanding his territory and fighting against the Liao army, often leaving him in the rear to deal with military and judicial cases. Wan Yan Sheng gradually grew into Kim Taejo's right-hand man and won his trust.
With the successive victories in the battle against Liao, Wan Yansheng and his ministers tried their best to persuade Jin Taizu to become emperor. After the establishment of the Jin Dynasty, Wan Yan Sheng served as the chief minister and was regarded as the heir.
Jin Taejo once issued an edict saying: "You and I are brothers of the same mother, and our thoughts and deeds are one, so I appointed you to assist in the management of national affairs." If there is any violation of discipline and law in the army, you will verify the evidence of the crime and deal with it in accordance with the appropriate methods. All other matters shall be handled in accordance with the old system of this dynasty. ”
After Jin Taizu died of illness, the ministers asked Wan Yan Sheng to inherit the throne, but Wan Yan Sheng did not agree. The ministers insisted on requesting, and even draped a reddish-brown robe over him and stuffed the imperial seal into his hands, and he reluctantly agreed to succeed to the throne, which was for Jin Taizong.
When Jin Taizong succeeded to the throne, the war between Jin and Liao was nearing its end. Jin Taizong inherited Jin Taizu's last wish and continued to pursue the fleeing Liao Tianzuo Emperor, captured him, and the Liao Dynasty perished. Soon, Western Xia proclaimed himself a vassal to Jin. Jin Taizong also subdued the remnants of the Xi and Liao dynasties through a combination of force and surrender, consolidated his rule over the occupied areas, and pacified the west and northwest.
At this time, the Jin Dynasty was strong and strong, completely replacing the Liao Dynasty as the ruler of the north, and also became a neighbor of the Song Dynasty. Over how to deal with relations with the Song Dynasty, Jin Taejong had a conflict with his ministers. Jin Taizong wanted to abide by the "maritime alliance" that Jin Taizu had made with the Song Dynasty during his lifetime, and the Jin Dynasty returned the sixteen states of Yanyun, and the Song Dynasty transferred the annual coins originally given to the Liao Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty.
However, in contact with the Song Dynasty, the generals of the Liao Dynasty found that the Song army had no combat power, the corruption of the Song court was no worse than that of the Liao Dynasty, and the strategic position of the sixteen states of Yanyun was extremely important, not only could not be returned, but the Song Dynasty should be destroyed in one fell swoop. Jin Taizong thought it was reasonable, and then issued an edict to select brave and warlike soldiers, actively train, and aimed the spearhead of the war at the Song Dynasty.
In October 1125, Jin Taizong ordered a southern expedition and divided the army into two routes, east and west, with the western route attacking Taiyuan (present-day Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province) and the eastern route attacking Yanshanfu (present-day Beijing) from Lulong (present-day Lulong County, Hebei Province).
The attack on the eastern route went very well, and the Song defenders at Yanshan Province not only surrendered the city, but also led the Jin army across the Yellow River, besieging the Song capital of Bianjing (present-day Kaifeng, Henan Province) in just a few months.
Song Huizong was so frightened that he hurriedly passed the throne to his son Song Qinzong, and ran away by himself. Song Qinzong panicked, so he could only cede the land and pay compensation, and asked the Jin army to withdraw and temporarily relieve the siege of the capital. However, the other Jin armies continued to attack, and the Song army was losing and retreating, so the Jin army besieged Bianjing again on the grounds that the Song court had not kept its promise, and occupied Bianjing in November of the following year.
The Jin army sent an envoy to invite Song Qinzong to come to the military camp to negotiate peace, and Song Qinzong had no choice but to go to negotiate. The Jin dynasty demanded 10 million ingots of gold, 20 million ingots of silver, 20 million pieces of silk, 7,000 horses, and ceded the area north of the Yellow River.
Subsequently, the Jin army defeated the Song army of King Qin many times, captured Song Huizong, Song Qinzong and thousands of concubines of the clan, ministers and craftsmen returned to the north, together with the treasures of the court, honor guards, crowns, books, etc., all of which were snatched away, known as the "Jingkang Change" in history, and the Northern Song Dynasty perished.
After the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, Song Gaozong, the son of Song Huizong, established the Southern Song Dynasty. Jin Taizong continued his war against the Southern Song Dynasty, sending two large armies, one to Henan and one to Shandong, and also ordered the pursuit of Song Gaozong, who had fled to Yangzhou (present-day Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province).
Soon, the Jin army arrived in Yangzhou, Song Gaozong was so frightened that he hurriedly crossed the Yangtze River, fled all the way to the south, the Jin army was in hot pursuit, Song Gaozong went to sea by boat, fled to Dinghai County (now Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province), and the Jin army chased 300 miles into the sea and did not catch up. The Jin army had to withdraw because the front was too long. Soon, the Song army successively regained the lost territory in the southeast.
On the way to the north, the Jin army was fiercely resisted by the Southern Song Dynasty soldiers and civilians, so Jin Taizong shifted the main battlefield to the west. The Jin army defeated the famous Southern Song general Zhang Jun at Fuping (present-day Fuping County, Shaanxi Province), occupied the Shaanxi Fifth Road, and continued to attack Monk Yuan (in present-day Baoji City, Shaanxi Province) in an attempt to occupy Sichuan, thereby controlling the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, down the river, and eliminating the Southern Song Dynasty.
The famous Southern Song Dynasty general Wu Jue resolutely resisted and defeated the Jin army, which suffered its first major defeat since the Song-Jin War. Two years later, the Jin army sent troops again, although it captured Monk Yuan, and then was defeated by Wu, and never dared to covet Sichuan again.
Jin Taizong sent troops to cross the Huai River again, preparing to go south on a large scale. The Southern Song Dynasty court was shocked, but at this time Jin Taizong was seriously ill, and the Jin soldiers had to withdraw their troops.
In 1135, Jin Taizong died of illness at the age of sixty-one. During the more than ten years of Jin Taizong's reign, the strength of the Jin Dynasty swelled sharply, various systems were in the initial stage, and the land and people under his rule suddenly surged, causing more than one contradiction, but Jin Taizong actively took measures to continuously learn from the experience of the Central Plains Dynasty, made many reforms in the political system, and stabilized his rule.
This article is excerpted from "Twenty-four Histories Read Now, Language and History Are Progressing" - the eleventh volume of "Golden History", which is officially authorized to be published, welcome to continue to pay attention.