Leaning on the south window to be proud, the knees are easy to be safe
Li Qingzhao, the world's first female lyricist. After the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, he transferred to Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), Hangzhou, and lived in Jinhua, Zhejiang.
The word is bounded by Nandu and is divided into two periods. In the early stage, I wrote more about the pain of parting and lovesickness, and in the later stage, I wrote more about the lament of life experience and the pain of losing the country. The style of words is graceful and occasionally bold.
His father is one of the four scholars after Sumen, the famous essayist Li Gefei, and his mother is the daughter of Prime Minister Wang Qi, Li Qingzhao is undoubtedly the most accomplished literary lady in history.
Sixteen-year-old Li Qingzhao, one day drunk in bed, a few words of dialogue between her and the maid, a famous song was born:
Last night, the rain was sparse and the wind was sudden, and the heavy sleep did not kill the wine.
I tried the curtain people, but the begonias were still the same.
Know it or not, it should be green, fat, red and thin.
The meaning of this well-known "Dream Order" is basically from Han Hao's five-character poem "Lazy Up".
Last night's three watches rained, and today it is cold.
Begonia flowers are in or not, and the side roller blinds are to see.
Although Li Qingzhao's words use their imagery, Li Qingzhao uses simple questions and answers, and the charm and realm are obviously higher.
As soon as this word was set aside, it caused a sensation in Bianzhou, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty at that time. Li Qingzhao became popular all over the country overnight, winning the love and praise of readers all over the world, so it is recorded in the notes of the ancients that he is "called by the world".
Han Wei (wò): Minister and poet of the late Tang Dynasty, one of the "Four Sages of Nan'an". The famous poet Li Shangyin was his brother-in-law. When he was only 10 years old, his literary talent was recognized by Li Shangyin. He wrote a poem for him and praised: "The young phoenix is clear in the voice of the old phoenix." ”
The Song Dynasty poet Yan Yu recorded in "Canglang Poems": Xiang Xi Ti, Han Hao's poems, are all dressed in the words of skirt fat powder.
Han Wei created the poetry school of Xiangqi and wrote "Xiangqi Collection". His small poems are mainly about the love of children and the grievances of the boudoir. The poet uses a delicate pen, the rhetoric is gorgeous, and the poetic style is beautiful and graceful.
Han Hao's style of writing poems in Xiangxi style has influenced many lyricists since then. In the early days, Li Qingzhao, when his personal poetic style and style of words were not yet fully mature, was also deeply influenced by Han Hao's poetic style. He has repeatedly used Han Hao's poems.
Li Qingzhao when she was a girl was so frank and cute, and she used it if she liked it. This time, she changed Han Hao's seven-character quatrain casually, and a beautiful poem turned out to be an immortal masterpiece that has been passed down to this day.
"Occasional Meeting"
Tang Hanhao
The swing is sleepy and the skirt is relieved, and the statue is pointed out.
Seeing the guests come in and laugh away, rubbing the plum in the door.
Han Hao's "Occasional Meeting" is about an unexpected encounter, but this chance encounter is a little awkward.
The girl played the swing in the atrium, and when the swing was tired and hot, she simply untied her skirt and asked the maid for a fine wine to quench her thirst.
At this moment, a guest arrived, and the girl was very shy, smiled and walked away, but did not go far, but hid behind the door and rubbed the plum with her hands, and looked at each other secretly.
The poet uses the actions of "understanding" and "pointing" to write this bold and interesting girl vividly, and "Suo Yizun" can see her boldness.
The actions of "walking with a smile" and "rubbing plums by hand" show the girl's playfulness and a hint of nostalgia.
The whole poem describes a lovely, bold, bold and enthusiastic woman with a smart and brisk tone.
"Dotted Lips".
Song Li Qingzhao
Kick off the swing and get up and straighten your slender hands.
Lunon flowers are thin, thin sweat and light clothes.
Seeing the guests entering, the socks slipped through the golden hairpins.
and ashamed to go, leaning on the door and looking back, but sniffing the green plums.
Li Qingzhao portrays an innocent, pure, emotional, but somewhat reserved girl in the poem "Dotting Lips".
The meaning of the words mainly describes the girl's first budding love, and everyone acknowledges that this is Li Qingzhao is writing, her first meeting with her husband Zhao Mingcheng.
Zhao Tingzhi, who was a scholar at the time, a servant in the middle of the matter, and a servant in the ministry, had a son named Zhao Mingcheng, who was twenty years old at the time, and was studying in Taixue, and after reading Li Qingzhao's poems, he had a lovesickness for her.
After his father Zhao Ting, his father took Zhao Mingcheng to the Li Mansion to ask for marriage. Li Qingzhao's father, Li Gefei, decided on this family business after learning about Zhao Mingcheng's character and knowledge in many ways.
When Zhao Mingcheng went to the Li Mansion to be hired, Li Qingzhao secretly went to see it, and also filled in the above poem "Dotting the Lips", vividly recording the scene of peeking at that time.
Compared with Han Shi, after swinging, the girl in Li Qingzhao's pen is not "untying Luo's skirt" and asking for wine, but lazy and slender hands.
The swing was swinging too long and too hard, and her hands were a little sore and numb, but she didn't bother to move it a little. "Slender Hands" not only writes the tenderness of the hands, but also points out the age and identity of the characters.
"Lunon flowers are thin", indicating that the time is the early spring morning, the location is the garden, and the whole article is written in this sentence, as if deliberately telling us that this beautiful woman must be more delicate than flowers.
"Thin sweat and green clothes are transparent", she was wearing light clothes, swinging hard for too long, and she was covered in thin sweat. Crystal dew oozed from his forehead, like dew on a delicate and thin flower branch.
By analogy, the form of a girl in a thin sweat and slightly wet Luo Yi expresses such an elegant rhyme and graceful rhyme. This is something that Han Hao's "Occasional Meeting" does not have.
The next lyricist sees the various moods of the visitor at first glance. She was too tired to move after swinging, when suddenly a stranger burst into the garden. She was so surprised that she didn't have time to tidy up her clothes and hurriedly avoided it.
"Socks" means that the shoes are too late to put on, and they just wear socks and slip away. "Jin Hai slips", which means that the hair is loose, and the Jin Hairpin slips and falls to the ground.
The words "go away with shame" accurately describe her inner feelings and external actions at this moment. However, what is even better is the sentence "leaning on the door and looking back, but sniffing the green plums".
It uses extremely exquisite brushwork to depict the subtle and meticulous psychology of a girl who is afraid to see and want to see, and who wants to see but does not dare to see it generously.
However, in the end, she still thought of using the action of "sniffing Qingmei" to cover herself up so that she could sneak a few glances at him.
These actions are layered, twists and turns, and vividly, depicting the girl's surprise, panic, shyness, curiosity and love psychology.
In "Occasional Meeting" with Han Wei: "Seeing guests coming in and laughing, rubbing plums in the middle of the door." "In comparison, "and laughing" frivolous, "and ashamed" deeply.
"Rubbing plums" can only express uneasiness, but "smelling green plums" can depict pretentiousness; "The Door in the Screening" is a little ostentatious, while "Leaning on the Door" has some expectations, and with a "look back", the girl shows a cute and cute attitude.
Although the shadow of Han poems can be seen in every sentence of Li Qingzhao's "Dotting the Lips", through Li Qingzhao's genius pen, the artistic image portrayed in the poem has produced a completely different charm and appearance.
Shen Qian, a rhyme scholar in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, once said: "Li Houzhu in the male middle school, and Li Yi'an in the female middle school, are extremely true to the line." ”
Such a domineering evaluation directly affirmed the importance of Li Qingzhao in Song Ci. Although there are not many poems that have survived to this day, each of them is a masterpiece.
Source: Official account poetry time
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