The second female Supreme Court justice in the history of the United States, the first female female Supreme Court justice in the United States, she has ascended to the highest justice for the equal rights of men and women, and is known for her outspokenness during the tenure of the justices; she is only 1.5 meters tall and 45 kilograms. But she is still a model of female growth, becoming the embodiment of the goddess in the hearts of young people; she has been fighting all her life, fighting for freedom, fighting for equality, fighting for life, she was cursed by Trump; she is the first woman in the history of Columbia Law School in the United States to receive a tenured faculty; she is also a cultural symbol of the United States, a spiritual totem, and anything that can be printed with her name can become popular on the Internet; this super Internet celebrity not only has her own documentary, but also has two biographical movies released in succession.
"The Virginia Military Academy, a purely male military academy that recruits any woman in the tradition of 157," all the unfairness of all that was broken under the debate in Ginsburg, as she said and did, "All I ask for is for men to take their feet off our necks." "She fought for fair pay, she won women's right to abortion, and she won the first day of school at the University of Virginia to bring in unprecedented female trainees in history."
Justice Ginsburg paved the way for many women, including me. —Former U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton
Ruth Bud Ginsburg was born in 1933 to a working-class family in a poor Jewish, Italian and Irish immigrant settlement in Brooklyn, New York, USA.
Ginsburg's mother instilled in her from an early age the value of self-effort and the idea of a good education. Ginsburg studied very diligently in school and achieved excellent results. According to the recollections of her classmates, she was very competitive, sometimes even to the point of being disliked.
The day before her high school graduation, Ginsburg's mother died of cancer. Although her mother left her an inheritance large enough to pay for college tuition, Ginsburg won enough scholarships herself, leaving most of her inheritance to her father.
Although she lost her mother at the age of 17, she learned the two most important things her mother taught: to be a lady and to remain independent.
After graduating from high school, Ginsburg attended Cornell University. There she became acquainted with Martin Ginsburg, her later husband. After graduating from Cornell University first in his class, Ginsburg married Martin Ginsburg and moved to his place of service, Fort Steel, Oklahoma, with Martin Ginsburg, who was drafted into the army.
Martin Ginsburg retired two years later, and both were admitted to Harvard Law School. Ginsburg overcame all kinds of discrimination, excelled, and served as a law review editor. In american law schools, only the best students can serve as law review editors.
Martin Ginsburg later developed testicular cancer, and Ginsburg continued his education while caring for her sick husband and daughter, who was not yet school-age. Fortunately, Martin later successfully defeated cancer and successfully graduated. After graduating, Martin joined a law firm in New York, where Ginsburg followed him and transferred to Columbia Law School.
At Columbia, Ginsburg was again awarded the position of editor of the Law Review, making her the first woman to win the honor at both prestigious universities. A year after transferring to Columbia University, Ginsburg graduated in 1959 with the first place in his class.
After graduating in 1959, Ginsburg was admitted as a lawyer, but no law firm hired her because she had young children. She went to the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York as legal secretary for Judge Edmund L. Palmieri for two years.
Ginsburg then focused on academic research. She first worked as a researcher at Columbia Law School.
In 1963, he transferred to Rutgers Law School as a professor of law until 1972.
During this time, Ginsburg participated in a lot of work to promote feminism. At Rutgers, she participated in the fight for maternity leave for New Jersey school teachers.
In 1970, she co-founded Feminist Law, the nation's first specialized legal magazine on women's rights. She also became actively involved in the American Civil Rights Coalition (ACLU).
In 1972, Ginsburg became the first woman to receive a tenured faculty at Columbia Law School. That same year, she also became the first director of the ACLU's Women's Rights Project.
Ginsburg continued to rise to prominence, joining many important committees in different groups in the legal profession across the Country. During this time, her figure began to appear in the Supreme Court, the highest judicial hall in the United States.
In the 1975 case of Weinberg v. Wiesenfeld, Ginsburg cleverly defended a man in the Supreme Court; a man who became a single parent and lost his job was unable to receive Social Security benefits like a single parent woman. Ginsburg used this to express that sexism hurts everyone in society.
In 1996, she sued the Virginia Military Academy for refusing to admit women, arguing that it was unconstitutional. The case was still successful, and the first women were able to enter the military academy;
She has defended six feminist rights cases in the U.S. Supreme Court, including the landmark reed v. Reed v. Reed, the landmark case in U.S. history. Reed, 404 U.S. 71), this is the first case in which the U.S. Supreme Court has extended the equal protection of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution to the protection of women's rights.
Ginsburg's record on the Supreme Court is remarkable, with 6 cases winning as many as 5. This is enough to greatly improve the feminist situation in the United States, more than any complaints and protests.
After a brief stint as a visiting scholar at Stanford University's Center for Advanced Studies in Behavioral Sciences, Ginsburg was nominated by then-President Jimmy Carter as a judge of the District of Columbia Circuit Court of Appeals in 1981. She then worked in this position for 13 years.
In 1993, Justice White of the U.S. Supreme Court retired, and the Supreme Court became vacant. Janet Renault, the Clinton administration's female attorney general at the time, recommended Ginsburg to Clinton. The senator passed Ginsburg's confirmation by a vote of 96 to 3.
On August 10, 1993, Ginsburg was sworn in as the second woman in U.S. history and the first Jewish female Supreme Court justice.
On the political spectrum of the U.S. Supreme Court, Ginsburg is considered liberal like Stevens, Breyer, and others. But she never hesitated when she voted in favor of other conservative judges. Unlike other justices, Ginsburg was open to public address, using eloquent language and a sense of devotion to promote her feminist ideals.
In 2005, Ginsburg visited China, met with Xiao Yang, president of the Supreme People's Court, and gave a speech at Peking University Law School.
In 2007, an abortion case gave Ginsburg his first public voice of his fierce dissent. Because the case involves the Abortion of Partial Births Act, Ginsburg said the right to abortion belongs to women, "which revolves around women's autonomy, the desire for women to determine their own life course, and the enjoyment of equal citizenship."
The most famous feminist lawsuit she won was reed v. Reed: Mother Sally. Reed's son visits father Heathle. Reid shot himself, and as Heather applied for insurance from her son, Sally became suspicious of the cause of her son's death and applied to the court to become the administrator of her son's property, but was rejected by the state court.
Because state law at the time stated that in the handling of such disputes, "men must be given priority, not women." ”
In Ginsburg's defense, pointing out that the verdict violated the principle of equality of citizens, successfully reversed the state court's decision on the case, which is a landmark in American history.
In 2013, Ginsburg became the first U.S. Supreme Court justice to officiate a gay wedding.
In 2015, Time magazine included Ginsburg in the annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world. In August, Ginsburg was invited by the Supreme Court of South Korea to visit South Korea for a five-day visit.
In July 2016, Ginsburg spoke to a New York Times reporter, calling Trump a "liar, really conceited" and "a fearsome presidential candidate," and saying that "if Trump becomes our president, I can't imagine what this place would be like, I can't imagine what this country would be like."
This move of hers set a precedent in U.S. history for Supreme Court justices to directly interfere in the presidential election, and also plunged her into verbal criticism.
Shortly thereafter, Ginsburg issued a statement saying: "In retrospect, my recent remarks in response to media questions were somewhat ill-thought-out, and I regret that I said them, and judges should avoid evaluating candidates for office." I will be more cautious in the future. ”
It is extremely rare for a Supreme Court justice to publicly admit his fault in such a way. The U.S. Supreme Court has been careful to uphold its own tradition, almost never acknowledging anything wrong with the justices' conduct.
In 1999, Ginsburg was diagnosed with colon cancer and underwent surgical radiation and chemotherapy, but never stopped working for a day.
In 2009, she was diagnosed with pancreatic cancer again, underwent surgery at the Sloan Kettering Cancer Institute in New York, and after 10 days of hospital observation, she returned to work and did not miss a single trial.
Two times of cancer, it was miraculously cured. Because I have always insisted on exercising, I am still mentally strong at the age of eighty.
On November 7, 2018, Ginsburg fell in his office, was admitted to the hospital for examination and found three broken ribs and was forced to be hospitalized for treatment. Later, during her treatment at George Washington University, she was discovered to have lung cancer and underwent surgery to remove the malignant tuberculosis on December 21.
On January 7, 2019, 85-year-old U.S. Supreme Court Justice Ginsburg first verbally argued in absentia. It was also the first time since he became a Supreme Court in 1993 that Ginsburg had been absent from oral arguments.
On September 18, 2020, the U.S. Supreme Court announced the death of Justice Ruth Bud Ginsburg at the age of 87.
The White House lowered its flag to half-mast in mourning.
There are also goods such as mugs and T-shirts with her portrait sold everywhere, and the 2018 movie "Law Queen" is based on the story of her young lawyer. But in stark contrast to the populace, U.S. President Donald Trump hated her so much that he openly called her "the shame of the U.S. Supreme Court."
Ruth Bader Ginsburg (March 15, 1933 – September 18, 2020) was a German-Jewish, American jurist, and feminist.
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