<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > erjia town</h1>
Overview of famous towns
Erjia Ancient Town, located in the southeast of Tongzhou District, Nantong City, the southeast of the Yangtze River Delta, the north bank of the Yangtze River estuary, across the river from Shanghai and Suzhou, is the north bridgehead of the Sutong Yangtze River Bridge. Erjia Town was originally a separate ancient town, but in 2000, the zoning adjustment merged the original Yuanzao, Yuxi and Yubei into Erjia Town. Therefore, in a broad sense, today's Erjia Town actually includes three ancient towns including YuanZao, Yuxi and the former Erjia. The three towns are distributed sequentially from west to east, and through the landmark building of Xiangguang Lotus Temple, the three ancient towns are integrated with the pattern of one temple and three towns, forming a small-scale ancient town community.
Humanities are in charge
Erjia Town is located on the south bank of the ancient TongluYunyan River, which has gradually developed into an important commercial and trade town in Tongdong since the Daoguang years of the Qing Dynasty, and reached its peak during the Guangxu period, with prosperity in all walks of life, with many business names, traffic and water, and popularity. There are all kinds of goods from the north to the south, hotels, wharves, tea gardens, restaurants, and entertainment venues. Among them, soil cloth, grain, oil mills, and cotton are particularly prosperous, such as "Ding Yuda" flower cloth line; "Cao Shunxing" rice line, "Liu Xinji" rice line; Liu's oil mill, Huizhou Cheng's "Yulong" oil mill; "Huangyong Dabu Zhuang" and so on. At that time, Erjia Town could be said to be a pearl embedded in the South Yellow Sea in the Tongdong region.
Located in the northeast corner of the town of Erjia, Tongdong, Xiangguang Temple, formerly known as "Xiangguang Lotus Society", is the "Pure Land Sect" dojo. The original site is in Erjia Tuanjie Street, the original temple sits north and faces south, is a courtyard building, originally created by local believers Song Da, Zhang Shengde, Wang Hanting and so on. In 1935, the believer Jiang Qiming (later monk, french name Xindao) raised funds and raised funds to build 33 mountain gates and halls, covering an area of 2 acres. After the temple was completed, he was recommended by the True Master and became the first abbot. In 1940, he died and really inherited the mantle. Later, because the temple was already managed by monks, he changed its name to "Xiangguang Lotus Temple". Xiangguang Lotus Temple gradually became a larger and influential temple in the Tongdong region. In 1958, Xiangguang Temple was converted into a local hospital. The remaining Buddha statues were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution. In 1987, the government approved the relocation of the temple, rebuilt on an ex-situ basis, and in 1991 it was restored to its former name of "Xiangguang Lotus Temple". The temple has nine dragon walls, the Hall of the Heavenly King, the Bell Tower, the Drum Tower, the Jade Buddha Tower, the Three Holy Temples, etc., all the buildings are arranged according to the traditional Buddhist axis structure, of which the Jade Buddha in the Jade Buddha Building is handsome in shape and weighs up to a ton, which belongs to a precious Buddha treasure.
Architectural landscape
Located in Yuanzao West Street, the Xiong family compound was built during the Qing Dynasty, the four guanxiang seven into the five halls of the compound, is the local wealthy merchant Xiong Zhaoyuan's residence, with the style of Jiangnan architecture. The Xiong family compound sits north and faces south, with a homestead area of more than 2,000 square meters and more than 50 houses. It is said that the construction of the compound was due to the in-laws of the Xiong family and the Weng family (Weng Tonggong) in Changshu, so the construction of the Xiong family mansion was built. The house was built in the style of Ong Fu and took two years to complete. The essence of the Xiong family compound is the hall house located in the third entrance of the center, about ten meters deep, the entrance steps outside the house are paved with granite strips of more than two meters long, the ground is paved with green bricks that are two feet square, and the carved beams and paintings inside the house are graceful and luxurious. The three walls of the hall house are covered with carved square bricks, and the horizontal strip flower plates embedded above the waist wall and through the wall board are engraved with the statues of the characters in the Peking Opera "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" origami play, and the flower plates on the beams are engraved with patterns such as "Magu Xianshou", "Crane deer and deer with spring", "Eight Immortals Crossing the Sea", etc., and the image is vivid.
Shaw's old house is located in Tonghai Street, Erjia Town, built in the Republic of China, as a courtyard, consisting of a box room, a gate tower and a main room, and the roof is a black butterfly tile entrance step for a first-step red granite. The main room is a loach beam, which is the product of modern retro ideas. The entire architectural complex fully reflects the layout of Nantong residences under the influence of modern multicultural thought.
< h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Yuxi Town</h1>
Yuxi Ancient Town was founded in the late Tang Dynasty, flourished in the Northern Song Dynasty, flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, because the city outline is set up to resemble a dragon, also known as the Dragon City. The ancient town is located on the north bank of the Yangtze River estuary, and now belongs to the Erjia Town of Tongzhou District, Nantong City, 30 kilometers away from the main urban area of Nantong, 10 kilometers away from the urban area of Tongzhou, and there are 335 Provincial Highways and Tonglu Canal in the north, and the Tongjia Highway and haier highway pass through the border.
Yuxi Ancient Town still preserves the streets and alleys of the Ming and Qing dynasties, historical buildings and cultural facilities are well preserved, the scale of ancient buildings is 16927 square meters, the area of the protected area is about 26 hectares, and the core protection area is 7.4 hectares. The inner city of the town embraces each other, the streets and alleys are longitudinal, the pink walls are deva, the houses are uneven, the shops are lined up, there are many monuments, and the cultural heritage is profound, which is known as the "first town in Tongdong".
The location of Yuxi Ancient Town was originally on the shore of the Yellow Sea, with water coming out of the middle of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and the late Tang Dynasty was connected to the mainland. During the Five Dynasties period, Yuxi's seat belonged to Jinghai Town, and later Zhou set up Qingyu Village, which belonged to Jinghai County, Tongzhou, the capital of Yangzhou. In the Song Dynasty, the land area gradually expanded, the salt industry developed rapidly, the administrative status was upgraded, and Yuqingchang was established, which belonged to Tongzhou. In the Yuan Dynasty, with the expansion of the scale of salt production, Yuqingchang was divided into three, with Yuxi, Yuzhong and Yudong, and Yuxichang as the main body of the original Yuqingchang.
In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the salt industry in Yuxi reached its peak, and the Yuxi Salt Division was established in the twenty-fifth year of Hongwu (1392). During the Kangxi Dynasty of the Qing Dynasty, Yuxi further developed, with complete political, commercial, literary and religious buildings, and its own system, becoming the core of the Five Salt Works in Tongzhou. During the Republic of China period, the salt field declined, and the salt industry economy in Yuxi Ancient Town went into a depression. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the jurisdiction of Yuxi has undergone several changes, and in April 2004, Yuxi was merged into Erjia Town, Nantong City.
In ancient times, Yuxi was a local economic center, and modern industry also started earlier in Yuxi, and during the Republic of China, the Yuxi Silk Reeling Factory was established to supply raw materials for Zhang Xiao's large-scale enterprises. With the support of strong financial resources, local commerce is quite developed, and workshops and shops such as Duyi Maobuzhuang, Huangjia Dyeing Factory, Caojia Sauce Garden, and Jijia Winery are all over the streets and alleys of Yuxi.
The temples are another major feature of the ancient town, and there are several temples such as the Dutian Temple, the Toujia Temple, the Xilai Zen Temple, the Marshal Temple, etc., and the incense is constantly burning all year round; the sites include the Great Compassion Temple, the Confucian Temple, the Wu Temple, the Great King Temple, the City God Temple, the Red Temple, the Shijia Temple, the Three Officials Hall, the Cao Clan Ancestral Hall, etc. Among them, the Xilai Zen Temple, which was built in the Qing Dynasty, has buildings such as the Hall of the Heavenly King and the Hall of the Great Treasure, and the Pavilion of the Buddhas in the temple shines with golden light, the green trees are shaded, and the flowers are fragrant.
Historically, a large number of people from the north and Jiangnan moved into Yuxi, where Huai culture and Wu culture blended with each other, forming a unique regional characteristic, and it is also a place where talents emerge, the most famous of which are liu jingting, a storyteller, Cao Ding, a hero of the anti-Wu Dynasty, and Zhu Lizhi, a proletarian revolutionary.
In general, waterfront towns often form a pattern of axial growth parallel to the river, but Yuxi Ancient Town is a unique "work" pattern of "symmetry in the central axis, and the city and river embrace each other". With the "Gong" type main street as the skeleton, the Ya Department as the dragon head, the left and right ancient wells as the dragon's eye, the north-south street as the dragon body, and the south street as the dragon's tail. There is a gate at the end of the main street, namely Zhenhai Gate (East Gate), Xiangshan Gate (West Gate), Yingjiang Gate (South Gate), and Dengying Gate (North Gate). Today, only the two gates of Yingjiang and Zhenhai still exist in the four city gates.
The streets and alleys of the ancient town are basically preserved: the north and south long streets "Dragon Street", the length of the street is 422 meters, most of the old houses on both sides of the shops exist; the remains of the ancient salt river and the salt wharf still exist; although the original salt warehouses, salt shops, and salt stacks have been converted into cotton rows and dyeing mills in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China period, the traces of Yuxiyin Salt Chengyi can still be seen from them.
Due to the mutual integration of Huai culture and Wu culture in Yuxi cultural character, and the influence of marine culture, the architectural style with Yuxi characteristics has been formed.
Yuxi ancient town buildings are mostly courtyard buildings centered on the hall, the hall has two entrances, three entrances, etc., the courtyard space has two forms of piercing courtyard and inverted courtyard, the gate of the piercing courtyard is located in the middle of the entire courtyard, and after entering the courtyard door, it can directly pass through the courtyard inside. The inverted courtyard is composed of inverted seats, atriums, wings on both sides and the rear courtyard, and the central courtyard and other spaces are mostly connected with patios or cornices to organize traffic.
The climate in the western yuxi region is humid and rainy, and the buildings are mostly equipped with cornices or mingjian recesses to form corridors to protect the outer eaves and interior decoration from rain. Most of the roofs have slight twists and turns, with small green tiles and a three-line female hair ridge. The eaves not only use hook tiles, but also add lace, which has local characteristics. The exterior walls of the house are mostly painted with white ash, which contrasts with the gray tiles, which is elegant and simple.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" > Pingchao Town</h1>
Pingchao Town is an important town in the west of Tongzhou, the northern gate of Nantong, the Yangtze River in the south, and the Tongyang Canal and Jiuwei Port in the east. Pingchao Ancient Town has a history of more than 1,300 years since the beginning of the Tang Dynasty. Because there are several single surnames of Buyi who have moved here, the number of people is increasing day by day, and it has gradually become a village, which was originally called "single shop". Later, because it is 15 kilometers away from Nantong Prefecture, it is commonly known as "Thirty Miles". In the Qing Dynasty, the county road was lined with peach trees, and it was called "peach village". The current Pingchao Township is formed by the merger of the original three townships and one town (namely Pingnan Township, Pingxi Township, Xinba Township and Pingchao Township).
In the sixteenth year of Qing Daoguang (1836), when the Shanjiadian people wanted to build a stone bridge (that is, the Pingchao Dashi Bridge, also known as the Xiangfeng Bridge) on the Yunyan River (now the Tongyang Canal) that ran through Wujia Town, so that they could stand on the bridge and look at Baipu from afar. The Baipu people believe that after the completion of this bridge, it will destroy the feng shui of Baipu, so they fight with the single shop people. Shan Jia Dian and Bai Pu were both the hometown of eunuchs, and the Tongzhou official Ping Han personally intervened to mediate, so that the trend could be calmed. Pinghante wrote "Xiangfeng Bridge", which not only took the wishes of the people and remembered the calming of the trend, so he officially renamed the single store "Pingchao".
Another theory is that Pingchao, before the Tang Dynasty, was a sandbar on the yangtze River, and it was not until the Tang Dynasty that it was connected with Hu Juzhou. In order to resist the infiltration of the tide, the first river embankment dam was built in Jiuwei Harbor on the riverside. In the face of flooding, the tide spread all the way to Bai pu nan, so people built a second river embankment dam in Pingchao and built a bridge, known as the Second Dam Bridge. Since then, whenever the tide rises, the tide will be gentle here, so it is called flat tide.
Pingchao is the place where the hero Cao Ding of the Anti-Wu Dynasty heroically sacrificed his life. In order to commemorate this hero from a commoner's background, the Pingchao people built a tomb and a shrine in the place where he spilled his blood, built a pavilion and a monument, and later built the "Caoding Memorial Garden".
Cao GongTing was built in the tenth year of the Republic of China (1921). At that time, Zhang Jian built the Tianyun Highway (Tianshenggang to Yuntai Mountain), and sent Fei Fanjiu to build the Cao Gong Pavilion at the place where Cao Ding died in battle north of Pingchao Town and on the west bank of the Tongyang Canal. When the pavilion was built, Fei Fanjiu collected poetry manuscripts from all over the country, and collected a total of 53 poems by 45 people, including Zhang Xiao, Chen Yan, Liang Qichao, etc., and compiled them into a volume of "Nantong Pingchao Cao Gongting Poems" for printing. After the pavilion was completed, Zhang Jian also wrote a special couplet for the whole: "Pifu is ashamed of the country and the country is not a country, and the hundred generations think that the public can be public." ”
After the completion of the Cao Gong Pavilion, people planted a thousand peach willow trees on both sides of the road next to the pavilion. In 1939, Jiang Zuoyu, a celebrity in Wu County, passed by here and wrote a poem: "The Ten Mile Pavilion has been surnamed Cao, and the peach blossom village is protecting the surroundings." Heroic horses are the same as the ages, and they have swords in the scenery. ”
Ten views of the flat tide
The so-called "Ten Views of Pingchao", in order, are "I. Fengli Temple, II. Jingshe Temple, III. Huazang Zen Temple, IV. Xiangfeng Bridge, V. YiTao Garden, VI. Cao Gong Pavilion, VII. Xi Wei Gate, VIII. Wenfeng Pavilion, IX. Yuntai Mountain, 10. Zhen customs temple", named by Mr. Fei Fanjiu, a Pingchao man from Nantong, Republic of China.
Yuntai Mountain of ten scenic spots of Pingchao
Fei Fanjiu was born in 1887, died in 1967, famous teacher Hong, Zi Zhisheng, Nantong County, Pingchao Town, once assisted Zhang Xiao in the management of Nantong water conservancy, edited the "Southern Bulletin", tasted Shanghai as the chief editor of the Art Department of the Commercial Press, and was Mr. Zhang Yuanji's assistant. Fei also collected inscriptions and inscriptions seen on the outskirts of Nantong, and compiled the 128 stele collected into the "Golden Stone Record of Nantong County" and printed it in 1948. In addition, Fei Shishang was enthusiastic about the compilation and publication of Nantong township documents, such as "Nantong Famous Picture Album", "Nantong Calligraphy and Painting Grand View", "Guanyin Treasure Statue of Famous Paintings of The Past Dynasties", "Rugao Wang's Wenyuan Green Garden Tuying", "Evening Qingshan House Book", "Nantong Salt Reclamation Beginning and End" and other local literary and historical materials.
Mr. Fei Fanjiu collected a volume of "Nantong Pingchao City Landscape Album" for this ten-scene series, which was printed by the Colo edition, drawn and inscribed poems by Dantu Lü Ying, and prefaced by the Korean patriotic poet Kim Taek-young, and the cover of the Haimen National Painter Wang Geweili's book was signed "Nantong Pingchao City Landscape Album, Fei Fan JiuJushi Belongs to the Title, and by Haimen Wang Xian". Because Pingchao was renamed "Pingchao City" during the Republic of China, this title is included in the inscription. The right half of each page of the album depicts the best landscapes of the ten scenes with small freehand ink brushwork, and the left half is a short inscription for the painter, with poetry and painting combined, pictures and texts reflecting, which makes people return to the countryside and yearn for the infinite reverie of the mountains and forests in addition to the detailed view of the picture.
Source: Shi Zhiwang Chen Guoqiang