Comrade | Guevara
The Jurchen people, a fishing and hunting nation that arose between the White Mountains and the Black Water, took only a decade to destroy the two huge empires of the Liao and Northern Song Dynasties and establish the Jin Dynasty, which had dominated northern China for more than a hundred years. The reason why the Jurchens created an incomparable military glory in such a short period of time has a lot to do with a large number of generals who can fight well, the most outstanding of which includes the mother of The Completed Yan (Yin Tongdu or Snake) who captured all 5 capital cities of the Liao State.
01 Liaojin has a grudge
Born into the Jin Dynasty royal family, she was the eleventh son of the Jurchen Jurchen Clan leader Wanyan, and the half-brother of Jin Taizu's Completed Yan Akuta and Jin Taizong's Completed Yan Wu Begmai. As the predecessor of the Manchus, the Jurchens were the descendants of the Sushen people distributed in the northeast region of the pre-Qin period of China, known as the Heishui Jingju during the Tang Dynasty, renamed Nüzhi during the Liao Dynasty, and later renamed Jurchen to avoid the secret of Emperor Xingzong of Liaoxing, and continued to be used until the reign of Emperor Taiji of the Qing Dynasty.
Distribution map of the Jurchens in the Song and Liao dynasties
Since the Liao Dynasty destroyed the Bohai state that occupied the northeast, the Jurchens became its subjects, and according to the distribution area and the degree of acceptance of rule, they were divided into three parts: mature Jurchen, Shengnu Zhen, and Huiba Jurchen. Shengnu Zhen lived in Liaodong and accepted the direct rule of the Liao Dynasty, paying formal taxes to the government; Shengnu Zhen lived north of the Songhua River and only accepted the indirect rule of the Liao Dynasty, but still had to pay regular tribute to the latter; Huiba Jurchen lived between the mature Jurchen and the Shengnu Zhen, and her relationship with the Liao Dynasty was also in between.
The Liao Dynasty's rule over the Jurchens was moderate at first, but by the time of the reign of the liao Daoist emperor Yelü Hongji and the Tianzuo Emperor Yelü Yanxi's grandsons (1055-1125), their oppression and bullying of the Jurchens became more and more severe, not only increasing the amount of taxes or tributes, but even requiring the latter to often contribute to the population. Taking the Birth Daughter Zhen as an example, not only did she have to contribute Hai Dongqing (the best of the falcons, which is also the totem of the Jurchen clan) and beautiful women to the Liao Dynasty, but also often deceived and even plundered by the former when trading on the border, and over time it was inevitable that they would feel resentful.
Images of Kintaso
According to the custom, the Liao Emperor would hold a grand banquet every year after hunting the first fish in the spring, summoning the leaders of the Jurchen tribes to worship and forcing them to sing and dance to show their authority, known as the "Head Fish Feast". In the second year of Tianqing (1112), emperor Tianzuo held a head fish feast in Chaotong River according to the custom, during which he ordered the birth of the female zhen zhen completed the Yan chieftain to complete the Yan bone to play song and dance, but the latter refused. Afterwards, the angry Tianzuo Emperor originally wanted to kill Ah Kuanta, but thanks to Xiao Fengxian's persuasion, he gave up.
02 Destroy the Liao Dynasty and the Song Dynasty
Although he was lucky enough to retrieve a life, Guanyan Akuta knew that Emperor Tianzuo would still pick him up sooner or later, so with the principle of "starting first is strong", he rebelled against the Liao in the fourth year of Tianqing (1114), and led 4,000 warriors, including Guanyan's mother, to defeat 100,000 Liao troops in the Battle of Chuhedian, creating a miracle in the history of Chinese warfare. After this battle, the Liao army was as afraid of the Jurchens as a tiger, and Guanyan Agu also took the opportunity to capture the Liao state in the northeast, and established himself as emperor in the fifth year of Tianqing (1115), with the founding name of Jin.
The Jin-Liao War is about the map
After finishing Yan Ah Bone's claim to the founding of the country, he continued to sweep through the enemy territory with the momentum of destruction and decay, and as the first fierce general of the Jin Dynasty in the early years, He Yan Jianmu could be described as a prominent figure in the campaign to destroy the Liao. In the second year of Jin Taizu's conquest (1116), Guanyan's mother and the general Guanyan Hanlu led an army to capture the Liaoyang Prefecture in Liao Dynasty, and suppressed the Bohai rebellion led by Gao Yongchang. Two years later ( 1118 ) , as the deputy commander of Xianzhou Road , Completed Yan Followed Yan Aku to conquer the Liao Dynasty 's Shangjing Linhuang Province ( present-day Southern Balin , Inner Mongolia ) , forcing Emperor Tianzuo to flee westward.
In the sixth year of the conquest (1122), Yan Jianmu continued to work hard, first with the capital Yan Gao to capture the Liao Dynasty's Zhongjing DadingFu (present-day ningcheng west of Inner Mongolia), and then leading an army alone to capture Xijing Datongfu. After the fall of the four capitals one after another, emperor Tianzuo gave up resistance and took refuge in Jiashan (大青山, northwest of the town of Saraqi in present-day Baotou, Inner Mongolia), while his cousin Yelü Chun ascended the throne as emperor at Nanjing's Jingjin Province (present-day Beijing), known as northern Liao, but was defeated by the Jin Dynasty after only one year.
The Jin Dynasty cavalry is attacking
After the fall of the Northern Liao (1123), Zhang Jue, the retainer of Nanjing, ostensibly surrendered to the Jin Dynasty, but soon defected to the Song Dynasty and defeated the Jurchen Mother who had come to fight at Tu'er Mountain. After the war, Yan Jianmu's entire army fought again, and finally conquered Nanjing in the second year of Emperor Taizong's Tianhui (1124). At this point, the five capital cities of the Liao Dynasty were all attacked by Yan Jianmu, which is a miracle. The following year (1125), after the Jin Dynasty completely destroyed the Liao Dynasty, it invaded the south, and Yan Jianmu participated in the war as the commander of Nanjing Road and the marshal Zuo Dujian, and successively attacked Hejian, Mozhou, Weizhou and other places.
03 Torture and murder of Princess Song Dynasty
In the fifth year of Tianhui (1127), Jin soldiers under the command of Emperor Zongwang and Emperor Zonghan of Yan captured the city of Bieliang, and the Northern Song Dynasty was destroyed (Note: It is also possible that Guanyan's mother could also participate in the Battle of Bieliang). Subsequently, Jin soldiers burned and looted in the city, and arrested more than 3,000 people, including Emperor Huizong of Song, the father and son of Emperor Qinzong, the men and women of the imperial family, harem concubines, and princes and ministers, and sent them to the capital of the Jin Dynasty, Shangjing Huining Province (present-day Acheng District, Harbin), known in history as the "Change of Jingkang".
Song captives were escorted to the Jin Dynasty
After these captives arrived in Huining Province, the women were sent by Jin Taizong to the Huan Yi Yuan, and in addition to engaging in hard labor, they also needed to serve the nobles of the Jin Kingdom for many years, and it is conceivable what kind of humiliation they would suffer. Among the Song Dynasty princesses who were captured by Jin Bing were Zhao Jinluo, the beloved daughter of Emperor Huizong of Song, who was 25 years old at this time. Zhao Jinluo was initially married to the Left Guard general Song Bangguang and had a daughter (uncaptured, later married Zhao Bogui, the Prince of Xiu), but became a prisoner of war during the "Jingkang Rebellion", and after arriving at Huining Province, he was assigned to Yan Jianmu as a maid or slave.
Yan Yan's mother was a cruel and perverted person, and after occupying Zhao Jinluo, she was extremely abusive, which can be said to be inhuman. Zhao Jinluo, who was delicate in stature, where he could bear this torture, entered the home of Yan Jian's mother and died not long after (for details, see "Song Prisoner"). Although zhao Jinluo was killed, Yan Jianmu naturally did not receive any punishment by virtue of her status as a nobleman and a meritorious person. What's more, in the eyes of the Jin Dynasty's monarchs, Zhao Jinluo, as a princess of the Song Dynasty, was no different from a slave and did not deserve pity at all.
Portrait of a concubine or princess of the Song Dynasty
However, about the curse of the undead, Yan Yanmu fell seriously ill not long after killing Zhao Jinluo, and after being tortured in pain, died in the seventh year of Tianhui (1129) at the age of 40. Although full of evil, after her death, she received great honors, and was posthumously honored as King wu, king of Tan, king of Lu, and posthumously honored as Zhuang Xiang.
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