The "Peach Blossom Origin" that we learned from the textbook is that Tao Yuanming created an ideal paradise, where people have enough food and clothing, no quarrels with the world, and live a peaceful life. When I was a child, I thought this place was very beautiful, but with the in-depth analysis of Tao Yuanming's creative background and creative intentions in later generations, Xiao Xie discovered the terrible truth hidden behind this beautiful story.
First of all, let's talk about one of the biggest loopholes in "Peach Blossom Origin".
"Since Yun's ancestors avoided the chaos of Qin, he led his wife Yiren to this desperate situation, did not come back, and was separated from outsiders. Ask what world it is, but I don't know whether there is a Han, no matter Wei Jin. ”
This is the self-introduction of the Taohuayuan people, who moved into this area from the pre-Qin dynasty and were not discovered by fishermen until the Eastern Jin Dynasty, which means that they have been isolated from the world for more than 500 years. However, they wore the same clothes as the people outside, saying: "Men and women are dressed like outsiders." "That's not right!
We know that during the Wei and Jin dynasties, ethnic minority regimes were stacked, the Eastern Jin Dynasty suffered from the Wuhu Chaohua, and the life of the Han people was profoundly affected by the Hu people, until the Rulers of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, including Yang Guang and Li Yuan, all had ethnic minority blood. Therefore, at that time, the costumes of the Han people were also gradually huized, although they were not completely consistent, but they could never be the same as the Qin clothes worn by the Taohuayuan people!
So, why is there such an obvious contradiction in Tao Yuanming's article? Could it be that his logic is not meticulous enough, is it his mistake? Xiao Xie believes that it is not, on the contrary, this may be a breakthrough deliberately left by Tao Yuanming, the purpose is to let the reader reveal what he really wants to express.
At present, the generally accepted view of scholars is that Taohuayuan represents the author's yearning for a peaceful and beautiful world, and is an ideal utopian world, which is in significant contrast with the reality that wars continued for many years under the rule of the Eastern Jin Dynasty at that time and the people were not happy. However, when we look at the place of Taohuayuan in a different way of thinking, the result is more reasonable.
That is: Taohuayuan is not a human world, but a world after death, and the fisherman mistakenly entered the world after death. Let's list a few points of analysis.
First, after the fisherman returned from Taohuayuan, he was "everywhere zhizhi" and marked all the way, but later when Taishou led the large army to look for it again, he couldn't find it, was the search ability of a group of people inferior to that of a fisherman? This can only show that Taohuayuan does not exist at all.
Second, when the fisherman first discovered Taohuayuan, "he had a mountain, and the mountain had a small mouth, as if there was light", and here "the beginning is extremely narrow, only to pass people", these characteristics are very much in line with the characteristics of the tomb, the conical appearance looks like a hill, and the entrance is very narrow.
All the sights that the fisherman saw afterwards were his hallucinations, and he may have been confused by the miasma that had accumulated in the tomb for a long time, so he had the following story. Moreover, after the fishermen entered, they found that the land was flat and the houses were like "flat", the land was flat, and the houses were quite neatly arranged, which was consistent with the internal structure of the large ancient tomb.
During the Wei and Jin dynasties, wars and chaos occurred frequently, and many people chose to flee from the outside world, and those who had the ability to escape were not ordinary people, but all of them were big families with solid families. Taohuayuan was probably a tomb built by people who had escaped from the outside, and the fisherman accidentally found the entrance and was gassed, so he went in in a vacuum.
Third, when approaching the peach blossom source, the fisherman "suddenly meets the peach blossom forest, hundreds of steps on the shore, there are no miscellaneous trees, the herbs are delicious, and the fall is colorful", the peach tree has the function of warding off evil spirits in ancient times, and is often used as a connection between yin and yang, and the peach blossom falling season is about April, which is the Qingming Festival, so is this "falling ying colorful" peach blossom or paper money?
Fourth, "Nanyang Liu Ziji, a noble scholar, smelled it and gladly followed it." Unsuccessful, the search for the end of the disease. Then there was no one to ask. Such a good thing, why did Liu Ziji die, he was "a no-brainer"? Even the nobles have gone to look for it, and ordinary people should be motivated to be more energetic.
Because after his death, Liu Ziji had already gone to Taohuayuan! We may wish to guess what Tao Yuanming's intention was to stay at this ending, why did he mention Liu Ziji, and why did he say that no one went to find Taohuayuan again? It is likely that people already knew the truth.
If you follow this line of thinking, there seems to be nothing wrong with it. The idea of Zhi Wei's short article is originally very open, and Tao Yuanming's purpose in writing this article cannot be easily read, so as to whether Taohuayuan is a beautiful world or a terrible truth, it is up to everyone to judge it.