This is a copy of a precious document with Lenin's handwritten instructions and signature, which is displayed in the Memorial Hall of Overseas Chinese in Heilongjiang Province.
This is an identity document issued by the People's Committee of Foreign Affairs of the USSR to overseas Chinese in Russia, and the holder of the document is Liu Zerong.
After lenin saw this printed document, he personally wrote instructions on the bottom of the document and signed his name. So what exactly did Lenin write on the document, and why did he autograph a Chinese?
Let's walk into "One Hundred Years of Pure Heart" together
Episode 1 "Shenzhou Spark"
Liu Zerong, also known as Liu Shaozhou, came to Russia with his father from Guangdong, China, at the age of 5. In the spring of 1917, the "February Revolution" broke out in Russia, and Liu Zerong happened to study at an industrial university on the outskirts of Petrograd. At that time, the Russian economy was in a bad mood, and many Chinese workers who had lost their jobs had to wander around, begging along the streets, and the situation was miserable. Faced with such a situation, Liu Zerong decided to help these compatriots.
Wang Yi
Liu Zerong's daughter-in-law
He saw in the newspapers that his compatriots were begging on the streets, without food or clothing, and he was very angry about such a tragic encounter. Together with his classmates and international students at the time, he studied the situation, and everyone thought that we should set up an organization to negotiate with the Russian government. Liu Zerong initiated it, and they established this "Chinese Association in Russia" among the international students.
On April 18, 1917, the "Chinese Federation of Russian Brigades" was proclaimed in Petrograd, and its main purpose was to "assist Chinese workers in improving their situation in Russia." They actively set up temporary residences for Chinese workers living on the streets to help arrange work, and at the same time, they also won free trains to send Chinese workers from Russia back to China.
On November 7, 1917, with the sound of a cannon of the Aurora, the "October Revolution" of Soviet Russia, which shocked the whole world, broke out, and Liu Zerong's apartment was only half a kilometer away from the Smolny Palace, the headquarters of the "October Revolution", and he witnessed this great historical change in Russia. Liu Zerong realized that this unfolding revolution would not only reform the fate of Russia, but also change the fate of Chinese workers in Russia. At the end of 1918, the "Chinese Federation of Russian Workers" was renamed the "Federation of Chinese Workers in Russia" and had more than 60,000 members, many of whom joined the Soviet Red Army and fought side by side with the Russian working class.
With the increase in the number of Russian and Chinese workers in the Red Army, at the request of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Soviet Union, Liu Zerong founded Chinese edition of the "Datong Bao" for Chinese workers in Russia, which was widely distributed to chinese workers in the Red Army and effectively publicized the Soviet revolution and the international communist movement.
At the First Congress of the Comintern in 1919, Liu Zerong was invited to attend the meeting on behalf of the Chinese Workers' Organization, and thereafter the Second Congress of the Comintern was held in July 1920. During the first and second congresses of the Communist International, Liu Zerong was received by Lenin three times, and Lenin asked him about the work of the Federation of Chinese Workers in Russia and made his own instructions on Liu Zerong's diplomatic documents.
Lenin read it and said that it was very good, so he took up his pen and dipped it in red ink and wrote him a directive on it, that is, I personally asked the Soviet governments and organs at all levels to give Comrade Liu Shaozhou all assistance, the Chairman of the People's Committee of the Soviets, Friyanov. On November 19, 1919, he was dated and signed.
This diplomatic document, which was approved and signed by Lenin, brought great convenience to Liu Zerong in coordinating the implementation of the treatment of Chinese workers and organizing The return of Chinese workers to China. At the end of 1920, Liu Zerong officially resigned as president of the Chinese Workers' Federation and returned to China. From 1917 to 1920, Liu Zerong placed a large number of unemployed Chinese workers in Russia with new jobs and sent more than 40,000 Chinese workers back to the motherland. What is particularly important is that through the "October Revolution" in Russia, the hundreds of thousands of Chinese workers united by the Federation have gradually come into contact with Marxism-Leninism, and they are like a spark of fire, sprinkled on the motherland that is about to turn the world upside down.
Source: CCTV4 "Chinese Story"
New Media, Chinese Global Program Center, China Central Radio and Television Corporation
Column Editor-in-Chief: Zhang Wu Text Editor: Li Linwei Title Image Source: Xinhua News Agency Photo Editor: Su Wei
Source: Author: CCTV4 Chinese Stories