As of 24:00 on February 5, a total of 28,018 cases of novel coronavirus pneumonia have been confirmed nationwide, 563 deaths, 1,153 cases have been cured, 3,694 new confirmed cases have been confirmed, and a total of 24,702 suspected cases have been confirmed nationwide...
In the face of the disaster, we feel endless wandering and helplessness, and money and material things cannot soothe the pain of losing a loved one and the deep fear in our hearts.
Today, we will listen quietly to the five requiem works of the world together to show comfort and hope that the living will be strong and the dead will rest in peace.
China Refueling !!! The battle must be won!!!
◈ Requiem in D major
Mozart
As we all know, the most famous requiem in history, I am afraid that nine out of ten people will answer Mozart's Requiem.
Mozart's Requiem in D major was the last work of his life, and when he closed his eyes forever in the first eight stanzas of Lacrimosa (The Day of Tears), the most common version of the score we hear today was completed by his student Susmael according to Mozart's will.
Mozart's Requiem in D major uses traditional forms and is sung with Latin lyrics, with sincere and moving emotions. Reflecting Mozart's life until the end of his life, his music has been free of pain, only pure joy. Even this dying work is still like this, only the feeling of bathing in the holy light of heaven.
The requiem is divided into eight parts: Introitus, Kyrie, Sequenz, Offertorium, Sanctus, Benedictus, Agnus Dei, and Communio.
◈Requiem in C minor
Cherubini
Luigi Cherubini is an Italian-born composer who has spent most of his creative career in France, best known for his operas and Christian holy music, having served as music director of the Royal Theatre du Ileries, director of music for the French Royal Family, and president of the Paris Conservatory. Beethoven considered Cherubini to be the greatest composer of his generation.
During his lifetime, Keroubini wrote seven sets of Mass, two requiems, and many short hymns.
Premiered in 1816 to commemorate King Louis XVI's Requiem in C minor, Cherubini was a great success, and the song was praised by Beethoven, Schumann and Brahms.
Although Cherubini composed only a few chamber music, and may not be familiar with him, throughout his life, Cherubini was awarded the highest and most honorable honors in France: the Knight of the Order of the Legion of Honor in 1814, and the academician of the French Academy of Arts in 1815. In 1841, he became the first musician in French history to receive the rank of Commander of the Legion of Honor.
◈ Commemoration of the Great Mass of the Dead
Berlioz
Berlioz's Requiem, also known as the Great Mass in Memory of the Dead, was originally commissioned by the French government in 1837 to commemorate the victims of the July Revolution in Paris seven years earlier. As a participant in that revolution, Berlioz was commissioned to devote himself with great enthusiasm to the creation of the work and completed it on time a month before the scheduled commemoration ceremony.
While he was rehearsing the performance of the work, the government abruptly canceled the commemoration ceremony for political reasons. That fall, while Berlioz was struggling with this, another national event set the stage for the work: a French general was killed in the war to conquer Algeria. On December 5 of the same year, the work was premiered at a state funeral for the general who died for the country.
Berlioz was more interested in the dramatic literary elements of the traditional << than the Christian doctrine in the scriptures of the Requiem >>. More than 10 years ago, he began to explore the possibility of creating large-scale works with a wide sense of space in these verses, and he had many attempts. In the end, in this work, he fully realized his creative concept.
The whole song consists of 10 movements, corresponding to the 10 main parts of the latin scriptures of the traditional Requiem. The performance requires a large symphony orchestra with four pipes, including 16 timpani drums, 12 horns, four brass instruments, etc., and a large choir, the music is magnificent, solemn and romantic, and the sound is extremely powerful.
◈ Requiem
Verdi
Verdi's Requiem, also known as the Requiem Mass, was composed between 1873 and 1874. This work was written by Verdi in honor of his friend, Italian poet and novelist Manzoni.
The whole song is divided into seven movement parts, which can be described as grand in scale and magnificent, not only inheriting the traditional creative mode and the sacredness and seriousness of religious themes, but also integrating the realistic creative ideas and dramatic creative styles formed in the process of opera creation.
Through the Latin religious lyrics, the full expression is the world's strong emotions, deep nostalgia, heroic struggle, deep thinking, spiritual pain, angry protest, beautiful fantasies... Every time I listen to Verdi's Requiem, it deeply touches my soul. With strong drama, profound tragedy, heartfelt lyricism and realistic modeling, this work vividly praises the eternal theme of life, life and death, love and hate, joy and pain, and the whole song is more than 80 minutes long.
Brahms once made this comment about Verdi's Requiem: "Verdi's Requiem is singing and beautiful. This work is a landmark work in his history as a composer, and the work shows us a complete Verdi, where we can feel the sunlight of ancient Roman church music projecting on us through Verdi, not a glimpse, nor a ready-made pattern to refer to. In fact, the theater needed Verdi more than the church, sorrow and prayer, fear and loyalty, and he used sentimental language and a unique poignant tune to make us hear things that we would not normally hear in the church. ”
Faure
If you had to choose the work closest to the image of heaven from the five world-famous requiems, most people's choice would probably be the French composer Gabriel Faure's Requiem. This "Requiem" maintains an idyllic and leisurely atmosphere from beginning to end.
Frey's music excels at expressing a more restrained and delicate emotional content, which is different from the strong and obvious emotional outpouring of the late Romantics. During the first half of his career in music, Frey had to work as a church organist or choir conductor and use his leisure time to teach private students. His experience as a church organist led to the birth of many of Frey's wonderful choruses, including the most popular Requiem.
The most different thing about this Requiem is that Frey deliberately laid out a serene and warm atmosphere, because in his conception, death is a happy life course, not as gloomy and terrifying as described in some Requiem Mass. Finally, Frey's conception of the style and arrangement of this piece is completely contrary to the mainstream of requiem in the nineteenth century, which is one of the reasons why it has become a famous musical work.