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Hilbert
Hilbert enthusiastically supported Canto's set theory and infinite numbers. His mathematical leadership was evident in the fact that in 1900, at the 2nd International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris, the 38-year-old David Hilbert gave a famous lecture entitled "Mathematical Problems", proposing 23 problems facing the new century. These 23 problems cover most of the important areas of modern mathematics, and the famous Goldbach conjecture is part of the 8th problem. The study of these problems has given a strong impetus to the development of various branches of mathematics in the 20th century.
<h1>Early life chronicles</h1>
Hilbert's birthplace of Königsberg is the birthplace of topology and the home of the philosopher Kant. Every year on April 22, Kant's tomb is open to the public. At this time, young Hilbert would always be taken by his mother to pay tribute to the great philosopher. Hilbert entered school at the age of eight, two years later than the average child at the time. The Feng JianJi Academy where he studied was Kant's alma mater.
In the autumn of 1880, at the age of 18, Hilbert entered his hometown of Königsberg University, and despite his father's wish to study law, he did not hesitate to enter the philosophy department to study mathematics (at that time, mathematics was still located in the philosophy department). Hilbert discovered how free college life was at that time. The unexpected freedom has led many young people to spend their first year of college drinking and fighting swords in the traditional activities of the Student Aid Association, but for Hilbert, the more fascinating thing about college life is that he is finally free to devote all his energy to mathematics.
Born in Prussia in 1862. He was very good at math from an early age, and one of his relatives recalled that little Hilbert 'composed' with the help of his mother, but was able to explain mathematical problems to teachers. Hilbert entered university at the age of 18 and received his doctorate at the age of 23.
On August 8, 1900, at the Second International Congress of Mathematicians in Paris, Hilbert proposed 23 problems that mathematicians in the new century should strive to solve. These 23 mathematical problems, considered the commanding heights of mathematics in the new century, have had a profound impact on the world. Since then, almost all mathematicians in the world have been attracted to him. Among them, the famous Goldbach conjecture is also one of the problems, and Chinese mathematicians represented by Chen Jingrun have made major breakthroughs, but they have not yet been completely solved. In fact, these 23 problems became a microcosm of the development of mathematics in the 20th century, and the study of these problems has strongly promoted the development of mathematics in this century.
Hilbert has been called the "uncrowned king of mathematics", and his work involves many basic mathematical problems.After the mid-19th century, non-Euclidean geometry, which was different from the usual Euclidean geometry, appeared, exposed the defects of Euclidean geometry, which had been considered very rigorous for thousands of years, and needed to be improved. Hilbert's tome, Fundamentals of Geometry, proposed a more rigorous and complete system of geometric axioms, and gave rise to the "axiomatic movement" in the early 20th century to establish a solid foundation for various branches of mathematics. It is not an exaggeration to call Hilbert the compass of 20th-century mathematics!
Hilbert was not only a brilliant scholar, but also a fighter for freedom of thought and political democracy, and died on February 14, 1943. Posterity engraved his motto on his tombstone: "We must know, we must know."