Today is the fifth day of the Lunar New Year, that is, the day of receiving the god of wealth.
In the new year, may everyone get rich.
But in fact, today I want to talk about the poorest president in the world, Jose Mujica.
How poor is this "poorest"?
According to an official audit, his personal assets are only $1,800.
Living in an old house in a slum and having a three-legged dog, it is really destitute.
His country, Uruguay, however, is the richest and smallest country in South America.
The per capita income for the capita was $16,246, which was twice ours.
In fact, he is not really short of money, but during his presidency, he donated 90% of his salary to charity.
Before he was elected president, he had been assassinated six times and spent 12 years in the dungeon.
The new film that Xiangyu will introduce below is related to his experience-
Dungeon Memories
The night of 12 years
This is Uruguay's "Olympic Film" this year.
It was shortlisted for the Horizon Unit Award at the Venice Film Festival and the Goya Prize in Spain.
And at the recent Cairo Film Festival, he won the highest honor Pyramid Award.
Speaking of the latest Cairo Film Festival, it has just been on the hot search.
The reason is that Local Egyptian actress Rania Yusef wore a long, cutout black dress and attended the award ceremony.
Accused of being "morally detrimental" by a group of local lawyers, he could face up to 5 years in prison.
It's 9102 and there's still this kind of thing, which is really incomprehensible.
And the one that won the best picture that night was this "Dungeon Memories".
The story is based on real events from the time of Uruguay's military dictatorship.
In 1973, a military coup d'état took place in Uruguay, beginning a 12-year military dictatorship.
Three members of the National Liberation Movement were secretly held hostage by the junta and imprisoned in solitary confinement.
They are:
Luceau, poet, novelist and playwright;
Nato, member of the Senate and Secretary of Defense;
José, later President of Uruguay.
By the way, José is played by the Spanish national treasure actor who has been nominated for the Goya Award ten times, Antonio de la Torre.
In order to make this movie, they all put themselves hungry skinny, dedication index five stars.
The three were imprisoned in the dungeon separately as special political prisoners.
The walls of the dungeon read: Whoever enters this room, give up all hope.
Since then, they have lived in one closed and narrow underground space after another, and it has been twelve years at a time.
The dungeon was dark and closed, isolated from the rest of the world, and even very small light-transmitting windows were sealed.
Here, they eat the coarsest food and are chronically malnourished, so they are so thin that their ribs are visible.
Defecation takes place in this small space, so dirty that sometimes the guards pee at them as a sign of humiliation.
There is even a defined range of activity, which can only walk back and forth along the edge of the designated area every day, and even rats living underground are freer than them.
It's hard to imagine how they've spent these twelve years.
In addition to physical destruction, mental torture is even more painful.
For twelve years, they were forbidden to talk to others, had no books, no newspapers, and were completely cut off from all outside information.
There are walls on all four sides, and the sky is not visible overhead.
In this extremely repressed state of mind, Jose suffered from delusional psychosis.
He fantasized that he had been implanted with an antenna in his head by the junta to control his mind and steal intelligence.
So he walked around the cell like a madman, not allowing himself to think, so that he was sent to a doctor for psychiatric treatment.
The doctor asked him: Do you have faith?
José replied: What kind of god would be so cruel.
The doctor was speechless.
It is not God who is cruel, it is dictators.
The film begins with a reference to Kafka's novel In exile.
The novel depicts a horrific torture, an execution using a "killing machine" as a tool, in which the prisoner undergoes a painful death for twelve hours under the control of this killing machine.
The reality was even more frightening, twelve hours became twelve years.
The twelve years of Jose's imprisonment were also the twelve years of silence in Uruguay.
After the military coup, the sole authorities dissolved parliament, banned all political parties and trade unions, and established the supreme authority, the Council of State, the junta.
The military junta's dictatorial rule, relations with the people were very tense, and the Uruguayan economy was devastated by their decision-making mistakes, and demonstrations and protests by various political parties and masses during the period of rule were very frequent.
There is a bridge in the film that reflects the corruption and incompetence of the junta:
Nato wanted to defecate, but his hands were tied, he couldn't squat, and he needed instructions to untie them, so the soldiers went to report to the corporal, and in the afternoon to the corporal, the sergeant reported to the captain, and the captain reported to the major general.
In order to see if Natto could squat and pull, there were a bunch of soldiers in the toilet, and ironically, it didn't get a solution in the end.
What can they solve?
Social turmoil cannot be solved, economic crises cannot be solved, and all problems will only be shirked layer by layer.
Instead, all those who can solve problems for the country are locked up in a dark dungeon.
However, the three imprisoned people did not give up hope, even in the dark cell, they had to do everything to get the faint light and let themselves live.
In the trash can of the toilet, Natto found newspapers that had been used as toilet paper by others, and although they were dirty and shredded, they were a treasure.
Because the information in the newspaper is his only contact with the outside world, his only spiritual food.
Since the three of them were held separately and imprisoned, they did not even have the opportunity to speak.
Natto inadvertently finds that the sound of himself tapping on the wall can be heard by the road rope next door, so they use the number of knocks to count the letters and spell them into words to communicate.
It was Christmas, and Luceau translated the meaning of Nato's tapping, which he knocked:
"Merry Christmas, Luceau."
You can imagine how exciting it was to hear such a greeting from your companion in an extremely closed dungeon.
Even if there is no language, just a faint knock on the wall.
Luso, as a poet, also responded with a percussion to the time when they could not meet in the dungeon but still supported each other:
If this is my last poem, both rebellious and sad, exhausted but physically and mentally intact, I would just want to write one word, companion.
Luceau's writing talent was inadvertently discovered by the sergeant and had the opportunity to display it.
The sergeant asked him to write love letters for himself, and in return brought him toast.
When Luso got the paper and pencil, he smelled the long-lost paper, as if he smelled the smell of a lover.
Assisted by Luso's love letters, the sergeant successfully married the girl.
To thank him, the volume is deliberately turned up when listening to a soccer game so that they can hear it too.
He also let the three of them walk out of their respective dungeons and meet each other.
In addition to the dark dungeon life, the film is interspersed with a lot of memories.
Reminisce about the past, the skies, the greenery, the lovers and the daughters.
The cell was dark, and there were still bright memories left.
And what keeps them going is their family visits, even though each meeting lasts only a few minutes.
During these few minutes, there were no mutual complaints, no crying, only simple homely words.
When Nato met his daughter, he deliberately hid his hands that were being chained, and her daughter asked him, "Why don't you have hands?"
Natto stretched out his hands to make butterflies flutter so that they wouldn't be exposed, and said, "It's not that I don't have hands, it's just that they have changed their appearance and become butterflies."
Jose's mother visited the prison once and brought him a bedpan. José kept it, filling it with soil, planting seeds, and watering it carefully, and later the potty really grew green leaves and flowers.
Butterflies from hand-to-hand ratios, flowers growing from barren soil, all represent hope and freedom.
The pursuit of freedom in bondage is the eternal theme of many film and television works.
Andy in "The Shawshank Redemption", crawling out of the cramped sewer pipe, opens his arms in the rain and embraces the rain of freedom.
No matter how many times Xiangyu watched this scene, she would shed tears.
It is human nature to pursue freedom.
Luso, Natto, José, the reason why they are imprisoned in the dungeon is precisely because they want to pursue the greatest freedom for the people of this country.
In 1984, the junta fell, the dictatorship ended, and the government was restored to the people.
They also received amnesty for this.
In 2009, Jose won the presidential election with 52.4 percent of the vote.
During his seven years in power, he led Uruguay's economy to recover day by day.
He himself gave up the bountiful life of the presidential palace and refused to over-consume.
For him, having an old house and a three-legged dog is far better than the dungeon life of the past.
Recalling those twelve years, he said, "We went through a period of poverty with dignity."
Perhaps, anything may be imprisoned, but the free soul will not.
It was something that could also shine in the darkest of walls.
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