What is the difference between James Webb's space telescope and hubble telescope?
The first obvious difference is the aperture. Hubble has a 2.4-meter monolithic (one-piece) lens. Weber has a 6.5 m segment (18 pieces) lens, and all blocks must be aligned accurately. This will be one of the main challenges of operating Weber; the second important difference is that Hubble is designed to collect both visible and ultraviolet light, while Webb can only collect infrared light (IR). Infrared imaging requires everything to be very cold.
The sensor will be cooled to about 50 Kelvin, below the freezing point of liquid nitrogen. Hubble is placed in low Earth orbit and can be serviced by the space shuttle. Weber will be located at heliodra Lagrangian point L2, a semi-stable orbit about 1 million miles (1.5 million kilometers) from Earth's orbit. Weber's repairs were impossible, so everything had to work properly from day one. Since cosmological redshifts move the stellar spectrum deep into infrared wavelengths, it is possible for Weber to look deeper into the early universe.
Why use telescopes in space? Building a 6.5-meter single-lens mirror telescope on Earth (even as large as 8 meters) is certainly possible and much cheaper. The problem is that Earth's atmosphere absorbs a large amount of infrared spectra, which will make spectroscopy and identification of elements in distant galaxies very difficult or impossible.
Sashi M：
There are many differences between hubble and James Webb.
The most obvious is the size of the mirror. Then there's the working wavelength, Hubble works primarily in visible light and ultraviolet light, and the James Webb telescope will work under infrared.
Hubble orbits the Earth at an altitude of about 570 kilometers, and Weber will orbit the Sun at a distance of about 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, the so-called second Lagrange point, or L2.
Michael Watson:
The Hubble Space Telescope makes observations primarily in visible and ultraviolet light.
The James Webb Space Telescope will focus on infrared light.
Many objects in space are dim or invisible in visible or ultraviolet light, but they show well in infrared.
Dust blocks visible light and ultraviolet light very well, but infrared is not very good.
The specular collection area of the Weber Telescope is 28.125 square meters.
Hubble's light collection area is only 4.5 square meters.
Weber will detect objects darker than Hubble.
Hubble is in Orbit on Earth at an altitude of 570 kilometers.
Weber will orbit 1.5 million kilometers from Earth around a space point in which the Earth and the Sun are gravitationally balanced.
Because of its capabilities, Weber will be able to observe objects in space from farther and earlier times than Hubble.
This will give us more information about the early universe.
Matthias Jaeger:
The James Webb Space Telescope will not replace the Hubble Space Telescope.
The biggest difference between the two is that Weber will optimize for observing infrared light (with limited visible light capabilities), while Hubble will optimize for visible and ultraviolet light (limited infrared capabilities).
With larger mirrors and more advanced instruments, James Webb will easily surpass Hubble's infrared imaging capabilities. That means it will be better observed through clouds of dust and gas, which is useful for studying star formation. Weber would also be better at studying highly redshifted objects, so it is expected to make a significant contribution to the study of the early universe.
LorraineGan:
Wavelength – Hubble looks primarily at optical and ultraviolet wavelengths; Weber is optimized for IR wavelengths. Older and farther objects move red to ir, so Weber can observe older and farther objects.
Orbital position – Hubble is in far Earth orbit (570 km). Weber will actually be at the L2 Lagrange point at rest and not orbiting. It will be 1.5 million kilometers away from Earth, capable of blocking the radiation and light efficiency of the sun and Earth to lower the temperature (for better infrared sensitivity).
The size — Webb's lenses are about 6.5 times the size of Hubble's, giving them a greater ability to concentrate light — that promises to allow Weber to look deeper into space in galaxies older than Hubble.
Alan Fleming:
First, Hubble was launched into Earth orbit in 1990 and is still in operation, but because orbital decay can cause damage to any object over time, it means it will only damage and fall to Earth at some point between 2028 and 2040. The James Webb Telescope will replace hubbar telescope on its planned launch day of March 30, 2021.
Weber will observe the universe with infrared, while Hubble will study the universe with optics and ultra-violet, albeit with some infrared capabilities. But Weber will have a 6.5-meter diameter main mirror, and hubble's main mirror is 2.4 meters, so Weber has a larger spot area, 6.25 times that of Hubble, capable of creating a larger field of view (15 times). Weber can look at objects farther away, which requires an infrared red telescope. Weber's spatial resolution is much better. Hubble orbits the Earth at an altitude of 570 km, while Weber does not orbit the Earth, but 1.5 million km away from us, and when the Earth orbits the Sun, Weber will orbit the Earth with us.
Author: Eric Stroud, Sasch M. M. Michael Watson, Matthias Jaeger, Lorraine Gan, Alan Fleming
FY: Dong Meihui
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