The father who was blurred in flesh and blood was carried back, the left arm was gone, maggots had grown in some parts of the body, the mother immediately fainted when she saw it, I stood next to the body of my father, my sister-in-law and sister scrubbed my father clean and changed into civilian clothes, we carried my father into the coffin originally prepared for my grandfather, my mother said, you shout "Dad", you will never see him again, our whole family cried together, watching the nails fall, nailed to the coffin, like nails in my heart.
This is the memory and story of his son Tong Bing more than 70 years after the sacrifice of General Tong Linge, and decades have passed, and the tragic situation of his father's sacrifice is still deeply engraved in Tong Bing's mind.
Tong Linge, the first martyred general in the War of Resistance, shortly after his death, the second son Tong Rongfang, because he was often called "a small soldier" by his father, changed his name to Tong Bing, and he was only 12 years old when his father died.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="4" > unpaid general</h1>
Tong Linge's original name was Tong Lingge, because after the sacrifice, the newspaper mistakenly wrote his name and mistakenly wrote it as Tong Linge, so this name was also passed down.
Tong Linge was born on October 29, 1892, is a native of Gaoyang County, Hebei Province, when he was seven years old, Tong Linge worshiped under his uncle's door, extremely talented, good at calligraphy, at sixteen o'clock was admitted to the local county court as a scrivener, can earn twelve months of silver per month.
At that time, Tong Linge was not satisfied with writing and painting, he wanted to fight on the battlefield, as a soldier who could write and fight, in 1912, Tong Linge threw himself into Feng Yuxiang's troops, and soon won the appreciation of the other side with his own efforts.
After enlisting in the army for 27 years, Tong Linge rose step by step, all the way to become a military commander, he was very important to Feng Yuxiang, and he was also an extremely good general.
Tong Linge's wife is called Peng Jingzhi, is a very strong woman, she lived in the army with her husband soon after her marriage, organized the family of the army to spin and weave cloth, and made a large number of military uniforms, for this reason, Feng Yuxiang also praised her as a model lady.
In 1925, Tong Linge's second son was born in Gansu, which is what we call Tong Bing in this article, and Tong Linge was appointed as the guardian of Longnan Town in Gansu Province, and the whole family followed him to fight in the north and south.
In 1927, during the Northern Expedition, Tong Linge was trapped on the front line, and Peng Jingzhi resolutely stepped onto a warhorse despite the obstruction of the guards, and took the young Tong soldiers straight to the battlefield to send her husband a military salary to relieve the difficulties.
Group photo of Tong Linge with Peng Jingzhi and his second son Tong Bing
In 1933, Feng Yuxiang formed the Hal Anti-Japanese Allied Army in Zhangjiakou, and Tong Linge was promoted to be the commander of the army and concurrently served as the acting chairman of Hal Province, but soon after, the Anti-Japanese Allied Army was disbanded, and Tong Linge was bent on resisting the country, but at this time he had no choice but to live in seclusion and wait for the opportunity.
In 1934, Tong Linge waited for the opportunity, Song Zheyuan personally invited him out of the mountain, he was ostensibly in charge of the military, but Tong Linge also had another identity, that is, the military training regiment leader, he trained people including Southeast Asian overseas Chinese, the number of up to 1500.
When Tong Linge was training in the regiment, he once said to 1,500 students: "If the central authorities order the anti-Japanese resistance, if Linge is not the first soldier, jun and others can go to Tiananmen Square, gouge out my eyes, and cut my ears twice." ”
As soon as these words came out, everyone in the audience admired Tong Linge, and his reputation and prestige became higher and higher.
Tong Linge's used seal
In July of the same year, the men of the training regiment found two Japanese cavalrymen, and due to their excellent training, they were also very decisive, one of the cavalry was killed by the men of the training regiment, and the other escaped.
After Tong Linge received the news, he sensed that something was wrong, and immediately took people to inspect, in order to prevent the situation from suddenly changing, he proposed to eliminate the five thousand Japanese troops gathered in Langfang, so as not to cause greater disasters in the future.
But unfortunately, Tong Linge's foresight was not adopted by his superiors, and when everyone was hesitating whether to have friction with the Japanese, the Japanese army suddenly launched an attack and sent more than 30 aircraft to attack the Nanyuan military camp where Tong Linge was located.
Tong Linge commanded soldiers to fight at the Lugou Bridge
In May 1937, Peiping fell into a dangerous situation, 4 important passages were occupied by the Japanese army, at this critical moment, the Lugou Bridge Incident occurred, when Song Zheyuan, the commander of the 29th Army, returned to Shandong to visit his relatives, and Tong Linge, as a deputy commander, assumed military command.
At the military meeting, Tong Lin gave the order and vowed to coexist with the Lugou Bridge and no one was allowed to take a step back.
After the Lugou Bridge Incident, Japanese planes often flew around provocatively, but Tong Linge, as a deputy commander, was unwilling to back down, and he stayed in the barracks all day to think about countermeasures.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="92" > the death of General</h1>
Before the Lugou Bridge incident, Tong Linge was a filial piety, extremely filial to his parents, as long as he had time to take a vacation, he would go home to visit his relatives, but after the incident, he did not go home once, for this reason, Tong Linge felt ashamed of his parents, and he also wrote a letter like this to his wife:
At the time of the great enemy, when this filial piety is loyal, I cannot personally serve the soup medicine, please make a substitute for the son, and honor my parents.
When this letter was delivered to the Tong family, the whole family did not blame him, but was extremely worried, they knew Tong Linge's heart, and they also knew that he was a great soldier.
On July 26, Song Zheyuan issued an order to withdraw his troops to Zhongnanhai in Beiping City, and Tong Linge, who was then the deputy commander of the army, should have taken the lead in withdrawing, because Nanyuan was already surrounded by Japanese troops at this time, and if they did not withdraw in time, no one knew whether the Japanese army would suddenly attack.
However, after the order came down, Tong Linge was reluctant to withdraw, in his opinion, if he left with his troops, then the people who stayed behind would definitely be in danger, people's hearts would be unstable, and Peiping would also be surrendered to the enemy.
In order to fulfill Song Zheyuan's orders, Tong Linge asked the deputy chief of staff to lead the people of the military department to withdraw first.
He himself, along with the officers and men of Nanyuan and the cadets of the training regiment, vowed to defend Nanyuan and prevent Beiping from falling into the hands of the Japanese army.
Soldiers fighting at lugou bridge
At the same time, the people who remained around him also sensed the change in the situation, and There was a 16-year-old aide-de-camp named Wang Shouxian by Tong Linge's side, who was afraid that his family would be sad after his sacrifice, so he asked Tong Linge to bring the passbook back to his family.
Since this adjutant had followed Tong Linge for a long time, he already had deep feelings, and after receiving the passbook, Tong Linge hesitated, he returned the passbook to Wang Shouxian, and said: "You withdraw to the city with the military headquarters, or you take it yourself!" ”
Subsequently, Tong Linge took off his golden cross and gave it to Wang Shouxian, asking him to take it back to Beiping City and give it to his wife Peng Jingzhi.
After Peng Jingzhi got this cross, she suddenly burst into tears, and she understood that her husband was holding on to Nanyuan with the determination to die.
On July 28, 1937, the Japanese army concentrated more than 100,000 troops, under the cover of dozens of tanks, launched an attack from three sides towards the 29th Army in Nanyuan, and there were enemy attacks in the air and on the ground, and Nanyuan was suddenly plunged into a sea of fire.
The enemy's shells fell into the stables, hundreds of war horses were killed by artillery, but the 29th Army did not retreat, they took rudimentary weapons to resist the crazy attack of the Japanese army, at eleven o'clock in the morning, Tong Linge received orders to withdraw from Yongdingmen, and he led his men to fight and retreat.
However, there were only more than 5,000 soldiers and cavalry stationed in Nanyuan, including 1,300 cadets, whose combat effectiveness was extremely weak, and only 3,000 people could really fight, and Tong Linge took the weakest cadets to resist the fierce Japanese army, and the results could be imagined.
At the height of the battle, the Japanese set up 40 heavy artillery and 30 fighters and launched a fierce attack on the southeast corner of the Nanyuan Military Headquarters, at this time Tong Linge had no way to retreat, and he was surrounded by the Japanese army in a village in Nanyuan.
In order to eliminate Tong Linge more quickly, the Japanese army actually put machine guns on the roofs of the villagers, and according to the recollections of those who survived later, the ground was full of comrades who were killed by the Japanese army, and the corpses were all over the field, and the blood flowed like a river.
At one o'clock in the afternoon, Tong Linge commanded the troops and wanted to break out, but at this critical moment, two enemy planes flew in and shot wildly at Tong Linge and the others, his right leg was hit, and the guards wanted to pull him down and bandage his wounds. ”
Back row from right: Tong Linge, Zhao Dengyu
Just as he continued to command in pain, the enemy's planes rushed over again to strafe, and a shell was thrown over, just next to Tong Linge's war horse, and he himself was shot in the head and died at the age of 45.
After Tong Linge was shot and killed, his guard Gao Hongxi luckily broke through, and when he went to Tong's house to report on the situation, Gao Hongxi did not dare to inform Tong Linge of the sacrifice, he only said that General Tong was injured and hospitalized, and then handed over the pocket watch that Tong Linge carried with him to Peng Jingzhi.
Peng Jingzhi felt that it was not right, if her husband was injured and hospitalized, there was no need to send back the belongings he carried, Peng Jingzhi began to question her husband's whereabouts, And Gao Hongxi could not hide it, so he told the truth.
It turned out that after Tong Linge was shot, Gao Hongxi wanted to help him go to a safe place to bandage, but they only walked a dozen steps, Tong Linge stopped breathing, several guards were very sad, they wanted to bring Tong Linge's body back to Beiping.
At this critical moment, he encountered enemy planes to bomb, helpless, Gao Hongxi and others had to hide Tong Linge under the yam rack built by the villagers, during which he kept watching tong Linge's body until the Japanese army all retreated, and did not dare to come out.
At that time, there was a bastard in the village who was lazy and lazy, and after seeing Tong Linge die, he was greedy for his pocket watch and tried to take it away quietly, for which Gao Hongxi also quarreled with him.
Later, in order not to reveal his identity, Gao Hongxi hid Tong Linge under the yam rack and returned to Beiping alone to report the letter.
After Peng Jingzhi learned the bad news of her husband's sacrifice, she was very sad, and after the pain, Peng Jingzhi hid from her in-laws and immediately entrusted someone to find the body of Tong Linge, and the next day, the Red Cross Society sent a car to the village to pick up Tong Linge.
Tong Lin Pavilion
At this time, they learned that almost all the trainees of the training regiment who followed Tong Linge's breakthrough had died under the enemy's artillery fire, and their bodies were buried by the kind villagers and hastily buried on the side of the road.
After the body was returned, there was also the scene where we opened the mouth in the text, because of the heat, Tong Linge's body began to decay, his body was full of maggots, his left arm was also missing, Peng Jingzhi fainted on the spot after seeing her husband's body.
On July 29, Tong Linge's body was cleaned up by the family, put into a coffin, and the young Tong Bing and his mother helped the coffin out of the house, and from then on, they began an 8-year exile, but it was not a problem to always take the body with them.
In order to allow Tong Linge to be buried, Peng Jingzhi parked the coffin in the Berlin Temple on the east side of the Lama Temple, and the abbot of the temple admired Tong Linge's spirit of sacrificing his life for the country, and he risked killing his head and quietly buried Tong Linge's coffin in the Berlin Temple.
In order not to be discovered, the abbot also built a pool in the burial place to cover up, and this secret was not exposed until the end of the War of Resistance.
<h1 class="pgc-h-arrow-right" data-track="94" > the tragic years of the general's descendants</h1>
After arranging for her husband to be buried, Peng Jingzhi hid in a French hospital with her children, and quietly moved back to an empty house in Dongyi Hutong a few days later.
After settling down, Tong Bing and his sister sneaked out to inquire and returned to the East Forty Articles where they had lived before, only to find that the house had been occupied by the Japanese.
Peng Jingzhi was very scared after learning this news, in order not to expose her family, she sold the house in Dongyi Hutong, the whole family moved to Huiwen Primary School in Chongwen Gate, Tong Bing also changed his surname, he used his mother's surname, called Peng Rongfang.
During this period, Peng Jingzhi and his family continued to move and change schools for the children, and some people knew that they were relatives of General Tong Linge, so they secretly funded them, so that Peng Jingzhi and the children survived that difficult time.
But moving and concealing identity is not the most bitter, what makes Peng Jingzhi the most difficult is that the in-laws will always ask about the whereabouts of their son, and whenever this time comes, Peng Jingzhi is very sad in his heart.
She did not dare to say, nor could she say, she could only lie that her husband had gone to war, or that she had written a false letter to comfort her in-laws.
Tong Linge's parents died one after another, but when they were alive, they never knew that their son had walked ahead of them.
Tong Bing holding a portrait of his father
On July 28, 1938, the first death day after Tong Linge's death, Peng Jingzhi bought wine and vegetables, took the children to detour to the Berlin Temple rendezvous, and prostrated to the burial site of Tong Linge.
After the death of her husband, the burden of the family suddenly fell on Peng Jingzhi, who bought a machine to weave socks to buy, and after getting the money, she bought rationed stick noodles from the Japanese.
Relying on his meager savings and income, Peng Jingzhi has fed more than 20 people, including poor relatives from the countryside.
In 1944, Tong Bing was admitted to Fu Jen University, once because of a misunderstanding, he was arrested by the pseudo-police station, and he was charged with participating in an activity, in order to save his son, Peng Jingzhi sold the gold bracelet.
This bracelet was a commemorative gift that Tong Linge gave to his wife on the 20th anniversary of his marriage, and it was also the last valuable item on Peng Jingzhi's body, after which, for the safety of Tong Bing, Peng Jingzhi let him leave Beiping.
The family's miserable days lasted until the end of the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, and on July 28 of the following year, the Kuomintang government held a solemn state funeral, and Tong Linge's body was transferred from the Berlin Temple to the slope of Lanjiangou in Beiping Xiangshan.
In order to commemorate Tong Linge, a road in Xicheng District was directly renamed Tong Linge Road, and on the day of the tomb removal, countless people spontaneously came to send them off, and they put sacrifices along the way to send General Tong Linge on his last journey.
And Peng Jingzhi's family, only when moving the grave, can they support Tong Linge's coffin and cry.
At the same time, the state funeral was held with Tong Linge, and there was a general named Zhao Dengyu, whose situation was even worse than Tong Linge's, and in order to avoid revealing his identity, the Zhao family returned to the countryside.
Zhao Dengyu
On the day zhao Dengyu moved the grave, there was no family to send off, or Tong Bing took his sister and participated in the funeral ceremony instead of the Zhao family.
When recalling this experience, Tong Bing regretted that after decades, he still did not know the name of the old abbot who risked death to bury his father.
On April 1, 1949, Zhang Zhizhong, who had been in Chongqing for peace talks, left by plane and landed in the liberated Peiping, the pilot of the plane was called Jia Shiliang, the righteous son of Tong Linge, before returning to Nanjing, he persuaded Peng Jingzhi to take his children with him to Nanjing, but Peng Jingzhi refused.
Only Tong Linge's eldest daughter and fourth daughter, in order to find her husband's family who had withdrawn earlier, boarded a plane and left Beiping, and later they went to Taiwan to settle down.
After the founding of New China, Peng Jingzhi's family lived a peaceful life, but such a day did not last long.
After graduating from Beijing Medical College, Tong Bing was assigned to work in a pharmacy in a hospital, but around the 1960s, because of the changing situation, Tong Bing's identity was questioned, and as a family member of the Kuomintang, they became the focus of scrutiny.
Tong Bing
Every time there was a festival, Tong Bing and others would be sent to Nanyuan to do labor, and he couldn't understand why his father, as a son, was sent here to work?
After the outbreak of the Cultural Revolution, Peng Jingzhi's family was affected, tong Linge's relics were all copied, the pocket watch and golden cross that Peng Jingzhi regarded as life were not spared, Tong Linge Road was also renamed Sixin Road, and Tong Bing also became a "reactionary warlord".
Soon after, Peng Jingzhi and his son's family of more than a dozen people were forced to return to their hometown, and Tong Bing, because he lived in his parents-in-law's house, luckily escaped this disaster and became the only person in the family to stay in Beijing.
In 1966, Tong Bing wrote a letter to Premier Zhou, which was quickly replied to, but it was not implemented, and soon after, Peng Jingzhi died in his hometown in Hebei.
In 1976, Tong Bing wanted to ask Deng Xiaoping for help, he found his third brother-in-law who had served as the chief of staff of the Kuomintang, and then he found his brother who was Shi Liang's secretary, and after several turns, Shi Liang promised to send materials to Deng Xiaoping for Tong Bing.
Soon, Tong Linge's relatives were helped, and several children of the Tong family returned to Beijing smoothly, but the eldest daughter-in-law of the Tong family died on the way back to Beijing, and Peng Jingzhi also died in his hometown in Hebei.
In 1979, Tong Linge was posthumously recognized as a martyr, the cemetery was repaired, and Peng Jingzhi's ashes were removed to be buried with her husband in 1968.
Tong Linge Cemetery
Many years after Tong Linge's sacrifice, Tong Bing was also looking for the specific address of his sacrifice, but because few of the people who participated in the battle with him at that time survived, even if there were survivors, most of them were gone, so Tong Linge's sacrifice site was extremely difficult to find.
Until 2005, with the help of the Beijing Municipal Archives, Tong Bing and others found a witness and confirmed that the place where Tong Linge was sacrificed was in Shicun, Dahongmen, Fengtai, Beijing.
Decades have passed, and the roofs of the Japanese with machine guns have been demolished and replaced by grand high-rise houses, and several bungalows have been built for the yam racks that hide the remains of Tong Linge.
But as long as you remember the fierceness of the battle in those years, the old people in the village are vividly remembered and will never forget.