Lin Yutang, who had been scolded by Lu Xun, missed Lu Xun so much: "(He) laughed wildly and held the sword again to stab the world." The fire was incessant, and the sigh was endless, so Lu Xun's intestinal injuries, stomach injuries, liver injuries, lung injuries, and blood vessel injuries, and Lu Xun could not afford it, whimpering, And Lu Xun thought that he could not afford it. ”
Text/Wu Zhou
At 13:50 on October 22, 1936, the third day of Lu Xun's death, the Wanguo Funeral Home on Jiaozhou Road where the remains were stored was not peaceful.
Lu Xun's body was transferred to the second floor of the funeral home on the afternoon of the 19th, and hu feng, Huang Yuan, Yu Tian and Xiao Jun were guarded that night.
Everyone knew that this was the last farewell to this "national soul", and their hearts were sad, and their looks were even more mournful.
On the morning of the 19th, when Xiao Jun rushed to the Zhou family, he directly knelt on the ground and cried loudly.
This righteous Kanto han, who had been talking and laughing with Lu Xun a few days ago, was now grieving like a child who had lost his father in front of Lu Xun's body.
And now, the tears have long been dry, the brain is full of Lu Xun's teachings to himself, to himself, although time passes like flowing water, but everything in front of him is like a dream, how can you forget.
No one can forget, no one can forget.
It is strange to say, even after many years, Zhou Haiying still remembers that two days before his father's death, on the way home from school, he suddenly heard someone in the distant air saying to him: "Your father is going to die!" ”
This sentence seemed to explode in Zhou Hainian's ears, startling him with a shiver.
The seven-year-old did not know how death was, and for most of 1936 Lu Xun was ill, and Zhou Haiying only remembered Xu Guangping telling him to walk in and out quietly and not to affect his father's rest.
Lu Xun's door was never closed, and whenever he came down from the third floor and passed his father's room, he always had to shout: "Daddy take a break!" Even if Lu Xun was sick, he would still stand up from the bed and say, "Alas! ”
But not now.
Now he often sneaked into the bedroom, listened to his father's breathing, and then gently inserted the cigarette into Lu Xun's ivory cigarette mouth.
He wished he could do something, to do a little bit to give his father some relief.
But now some people say that dad is going to die, he looks around, there is no one nearby, he went home and told Xu Mama about this matter, but Xu Mama said that he was blind and did not have such a thing.
Now, it's all true.
He wanted to take one last look at His Father, and he rushed into His Father's bedroom, and He was just lying on the bed as usual, as if he had taken a long deep break after all night of writing, but the air in the room was so dull and oppressive.
Xu Guangping saw him coming, took his hand, and let him cling to himself tightly, saying nothing, just tears.
Dad could no longer call him little, and could no longer stab him in the cheek with his beard. He wished his father was just pretending to be asleep now, and the next second his heart was beating again, and he suddenly opened his eyes.
But it is no longer possible.
He was too tired to rest forever.
Lu Xun's family
Compared with Zhou Haiying, Xu Guangping's heart was even more painful to the extreme, Lu Xun had pneumonia all these years, she knew better than anyone that what Lu Xun needed most was rest.
However, although she was Lu Xun's wife and her partner, she was 17 years younger than Lu Xun, and because she was also a student, she was a little more careful about Lu Xun's care.
So every time she urged Lu Xun to rest, although she was very unhappy, she didn't ask for more.
Lu Xun loves to smoke, which Xu Guangping knows deeply. He was so addicted to smoking that he smoked 50 cigarettes a day.
When the two lived together in the guild hall, he smoked a white mosquito net to yellow and black.
Smoking caused great damage to Lu Xun's health, and at that time, Lu Xun was infected with tuberculosis, and a large number of smoking would undoubtedly affect the treatment effect of tuberculosis.
In other words, Lu Xun was committing suicide.
For this, Xu Guangping, who has a highly educated education, could not be clearer.
However, out of respect for Lu Xun, she did not say anything to stop it, and lacked the discipline between husband and wife.
Lu Xun and Xu Guangping
Xu Guangping clearly remembers that after June 1936, Lu Xun became more and more seriously ill, and he could not even remember the diary that he had insisted on for many years, and for the guests who visited, he could not see, and also entrusted Xu Guangping to refuse one by one and expressed his apologies.
He already had a number of deaths, and while he used the little time he had to work, he also made some considerations about the things behind him. During his illness, Lu Xun wrote an essay entitled "Death", which was published in the second issue of Zhongliu Magazine in 1936.
In it, Lu Xun wrote:
When Europeans are dying, there is often a ritual of asking others to forgive, and they themselves forgive others. My enemies are numerous, and if a new type of person asks me, how will I answer?
I thought about it for a while, and the decision was: let them resent it, and I will not forgive any of them.
Never forgive, this is very Lu Xun, but also Lu Xun's consistent tough attitude. Death, he is not afraid, he is afraid of kneeling. This is something he must not allow.
In the early morning of the 18th, Lu Xun's illness suddenly became serious, and he felt that he had difficulty breathing, and it seemed that all his strength was about to be emptied.
He struggled to write a text message to his friend Uchiko to get him to get a doctor quickly, but his situation was difficult to even get a pen. Xu Guangping told him that if he didn't bring a message, Lu Xun shook his head resolutely, he has always been able to support, and extremely rigorous. He picked up the pen, gritted his teeth, trembled, and wrote a very messy letter to Uchiyama.
And this has also become Lu Xun's last masterpiece.
After Uchiyama finished receiving the letter, he immediately took Xu Teng, a doctor commonly used by Lu Xun, to inject him with drugs.
According to Uchiyama's later recollections, Lu Xun's feet were cold except for the intensification of asthma and coughing, and the fingernails of the hands used to shout and shout had turned purple. What a pain he had endured, he clenched his teeth and never let out the slightest moan of sorrow.
His image of a tough guy who can resist and support has long been deeply rooted in people's hearts, but no one knows how much he can endure.
Just four months ago, Dr. D, an American lung specialist, had diagnosed Lu Xun, and after he gave Lu Xun auscultation, he was surprised: "He (Lu Xun) is the most disease-resistant typical Chinese I have ever seen, and if he had died five years ago in Europe." ”
After listening to Dr. D's diagnosis, the relatives and friends around him could not help but cry.
But Lu Xun refused his treatment precisely because of his diagnosis, and as to why, he later explained it himself in the "Miscellaneous Essays on Death", saying: "His medicine came from Europe, and he certainly did not learn the method of prescribing a prescription for a patient who had been dead for five years. ”
Throughout the day on the 18th, although there were doctors who went all out to rescue him, Lu Xun's condition continued to intensify. He lay in bed, panting incessantly, having trouble breathing, and barely able to speak.
After the morning newspaper came, Lu Xun still struggled to put on his glasses, carefully browsed the "Translation" advertisement in the newspaper before putting it down, and has been in a state of sometimes awake and sometimes comatose since then.
At about 5:00 a.m. on October 19, Lu Xun's condition suddenly deteriorated, his asthma intensified, his breathing was short, and after injection of cardiotonic agents, he was still ineffective.
Friends such as Lu Xun and Uchiyama Completed
At 5:25, Lu Xun's heart stopped beating. After a while, two Japanese female nurses came, and one of them stretched out her hands across the quilt and vibrated Lu Xun's chest vigorously, shaking from side to side, up and down, trying to make his heart beat again by vibrating. However, none of this helped.
Not long ago, Lu Xun had a dream, and he later told Xu Guangping about this dream.
In the dream, he encountered two enemies in ambush, and when they were about to attack him, he said to them, "Are you going to attack me when I am sick?" It doesn't matter, I still have a dagger by my side! Lu Xun told Xu Guangping that after saying this in his dream, he threw the dagger at the enemy.
This was obviously a good dream, and Lu Xun's illness really got a lot better after that. Lu Xun even picked up his pen again to fight, and Xu Guangping said in writing this part: "He can still work, just like before he was ill." He fights with us against all evil forces. ”
However, at two o'clock in the morning of the 18th, he had another nightmare, in which countless ambushed enemies rushed towards him, and Lu Xun in the panic took out his dagger again, but this time, he did not have the strength to throw the dagger...
Lu Xun lay motionless on the bed, and Xu Guangping called out his name loudly, but there was no longer a reaction.
The sky was so dark, the darkness before dawn, that it took him away. The power of darkness was so powerful that even he who had been fighting for decades could not resist it.
In the early morning of the 19th, Lu Xun lay quietly on the bed, his body covered with a pink cotton quilt, and his face covered with a white scarf.
This is where the soul of this great nation went.
Lu Xun's friends and students rushed to mourn, and at 14:00, the Shanghai Star Film Company sent Ouyang Yuqian, Cheng Bugao, Yao Cuinong and others to Lu Xun's apartment to take pictures of Lu Xun's body and bedroom.
In the bedroom, by the window from Lu Xun's bedside, was a semi-old desk, on which books and manuscripts were piled up in a mess, and two brushes stood upright in the pen holder, next to a porcelain tea cup with a lid. At the head of the table were the rattan recliners that Lu Xun often sat on, and there was a small bookcase at the foot of the bed at the head of the bed, and some woodcuts and oil paintings hung on the walls.
Lu Xun often sat on a rattan recliner and read a book and read a newspaper.
Newspapers often had articles cursing him, but he never cared, he only cared about advertisements for new books.
Many of the authors of the new books were his students or younger generations, because they were not very famous at the time, so he was worried about what problems they would have when they were published.
Every time a progressive book is published, he is extremely happy, and if it is shelved for any reason, he will be worried, and even imagine all kinds of changes, very anxious, until the advertisement or the book comes out, he will not be at ease.
Soon after Lu Xun's death, he hurried to a Japanese sculptor named Okuda Apricot Blossom, who approached Lu Xun's bed, bent down to open the box, dug out the yellow sticky vaseline oil from the bottle and applied it to Lu Xun's cheek, and then used the mixed white plaster paste, and used his fingers and scraper to rub it layer by layer, and occasionally thinly applied fine gauze until it appeared in a flat semicircle shape.
After waiting for half an hour, Okuda slowly lifted up the edge of the mask, and more than 10 of Lu Xun's eyebrows and beards were glued off on the mask at the same time, and Lu Xun's face mold was made. At that time, he turned over a mask and handed it over to Lu Xun's relatives as a souvenir.
It bears Lu Xun's 7 beards, which is not only a relic of Lu Xun's body, but more importantly, it retains Lu Xun's DNA. This is the Lu Xun facial model currently displayed in the Lu Xun Memorial Hall in Shanghai, which has been designated as a national first-class cultural relic.
Lu Xun face mold
At 15:00, under the arrangement of the completion of the inner mountain, the car of the Wanguo Funeral Home came, and they carefully transported Lu Xun's body to the car and drove away.
According to the wishes of the masses from all walks of life and the opinions of Lu Xun's family, the funeral committee headed by Neishan Guanzhuo and Cai Yuanpei decided that on the morning of October 20, 21, and 22, people from all walks of life would mourn and pay respects to Lu Xun's remains; on the afternoon of the 22nd, the funeral would be buried in the Cemetery of All Nations.
Early in the morning of the 20th, Lu Xun's body was moved to the downstairs hall after being dressed up.
At 9 o'clock, the condolences begin.
Lu Xun's body was dressed in a coffee-colored silk robe, covered with a dark brocade quilt, and his cheeks were thin and radiant.
Behind the body is a huge portrait of him, surrounded by flowers from people from all walks of life.
As soon as they entered the door, they looked up and saw the four big words of "Lost My Mentor".
For the young students at that time, for the Chinese who had awakened at that time, Lu Xun was like a stern elder with a cold face.
He is angry, the country is in trouble, but there are still people who are insensitive, he angrily scolds everywhere in pain, he has been "diagnosing the pulse" for the country, the nation, and the people all his life, but his diagnosis of the pulse depends on his writing.
Liang Shiqiu scolded him for "only breaking and not standing," saying that he would only diagnose the disease but would not prescribe a prescription, but they never denied his iron bones, his deep love for the people.
He is our teacher who hates iron and steel. He scolded as he witnessed the numbness of the nation:
"Chinese dare not face all aspects squarely, use concealment and deception, create a strange escape route, and think that they are on the right path." On this road, it proves that the national nature is weak, lazy and clever. ”
He has created characters such as Xiang Lin, Ah Q, and Kong Yiji, and he hopes to convey a kind of power in his works, a kind of upward force, to break, to smash this long-shrouded darkness.
He was a lone hero, with a dark road ahead, but he was alone, looking for an unforeseen path.
He is the teacher of the people.
Lu Xun's remains
And now, and now there is indeed such a group of people, a group of students who have awakened in his scolding, to pay respects, to remember his mentor, the young student.
They are a part of the awakened people, they join Lu Xun's team, and this team will eventually continue to grow.
The funeral home staff changed Lu Xun's clothes again. Wear white silk dress pants, white socks and black shoes, plus thin cotton coffee pants and robes, and the outside is covered with the same color cotton jacket and brocade quilt. Then Xu Guangping and Zhou Hainian supported the head, and Zhou Jianren and his daughter supported the feet and placed them in the coffin.
The coffin is made of red nan wood, made in Western style, surrounded by copper rings, with an inner cover and half-glazed glass, exposing the head for people to see.
Cai Yuanpei, Uchiyama Guanzao, Shen Junru and more than 30 other people solemnly bowed three times in front of the coffin.
Then Ba Jin, Xiao Jun and others helped him to help the spirit, moved to the hearse, and everyone gathered in front of the gate,
The people of Shanghai rushed to see Lu Xun's remains.
There are so many people that the hearse can't move. This is because the Shanghainese people have a spontaneous reverence for this national soul, and losing him is like losing their backbone, but the backbone has actually been planted long ago, under the inspiration of Lu Xun, in his resolute face, they have gained strength, they are the seeds that have been sown, and they will eventually sprout.
The funeral procession finally set off. Due to the opposition of the concession and the Kuomintang Shanghai authorities, the procession could only march from a remote route.
They are afraid, afraid that the forces that come from the grief and anger of the masses will bring great upheaval.
They are those who Lu Xun scolded, "why don't you eat meat", they lie on the body of the people, that is, the mountains, oppressing, drawing their own nutrients from their bodies, leaving behind bone-deep scales.
Forced by Lu Xun's lofty prestige among the people and the pressure of public opinion, they did not dare to publicly ban it, and sent a large number of patrols and police to monitor the funeral procession.
But the crowd came, gathered around the funeral procession, standing in the streets, quietly in silence.
Workers, students, even elementary school students, who were unorganized, joined the funeral procession.
The team quickly expanded from more than 6,000 people at the beginning to tens of thousands of people.
Along the way, people continued to distribute articles commemorating Lu Xun, shouting to inherit Lu Xun's legacy and fight imperialism.
Finally, after more than two hours, the funeral procession arrived at the Cemetery of Nations and held a memorial service in front of the auditorium.
In the three bows, silent mourning, and elegy, Wang Zaoshi, Li Gongpu, and others of the National Salvation Congress covered a banner with the words "National Soul" on a white background handwritten by Shen Junru on a white background on the coffin, moved it to the Dongshou cemetery, slowly placed it in the cave, covered it with stone slabs and filled in the soil.
Lu Xun ended his life.
In Lu Xun's article "Death", he wrote seven wills for himself:
1. You may not accept a penny from anyone for a funeral, except for an old friend;
2. Quickly collect, bury, and pull down;
3. Don't do anything about the remembrance;
4. Mourn me, manage your own life, if not, it is really a stupid worm;
5. When the child grows up, if he has no talent, he can find some small things to live, but he cannot become an empty writer or artist;
6. Don't take what others promise you;
7. Those who damage the teeth and eyes of others, but oppose revenge and advocate tolerance, do not get close to him.
The first three were obviously arrangements for his own posthumous affairs, but because his own reputation was not realized, and the cost was huge.
Lu Xun originally left a sum of money for the two of them, and he also used it in this funeral, and there was not much left.
The fourth article was reserved for Xu Guangping, and she did regard this as Lu Xun's will to her.
Fifth, Zhou Hainian also realized, he devoted himself to scientific research, and after graduating from the radio major of the Physics Department of Peking University, he became an expert in radio.
Zhou Haiying
But the last two seem to be written for everyone.
If interpreted, it is to be vigilant and not to trust hypocritical people.
Yes, there are too many hypocritical people in this world. They have the purpose of being good for you, to make you tolerant in everything, but this tolerance is like poison, moral kidnapping, and spiritual PUA.
This is Lu Xun, so alert, but in a word, piercing the heart.
As Lu Xun once said:
"All foolish citizens, no matter how sound and strong they are, can only be meaningless materials and spectators."
So, friends – don't get used to the darkness and defend it; don't make excuses for doing nothing; stop laughing at people who are obsessed with struggling. I'd rather be a speck of dust in the sun than a maggot twisted in the dark.
Stand up, don't sit!