<h1 class= "pgc-h-arrow-right" > Zheng Sixiao: One Heart Chinese Dream, Ancient Spring Poetry</h1>
Strength is greater than courage, and everyone weeps in the air. One heart for the Chinese dream, the poetry of the eternal spring.
As the sun approached, the sky asked if he knew. Pray towards the south, and wish to see the Han Jing Banner.
This is a poem written by the patriotic poet Zheng Sixiao at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, of which the "Chinese Dream" was first included in the poem, and he was the first to write this concept into his works.
This is a patriotic poem that has been passed down through the ages, in which the "Xiaquan" language comes out of the "Book of Poetry", which is the words of the Cao people who resent the corruption of the national government and hope for the xianji thing, and the puppet with "China", the battle is very neat.
When the Mongol Iron Horse attacked, a large area of land fell, and the edifice was about to fall, the meaning of the poem was obvious, he was closely linked his grief with the rise and fall of the ages.
After the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, a large number of relict poets appeared, according to the type, roughly the following kinds, some of whom swore to die unyieldingly and insisted on resisting the Yuan; there were Jiang Jie and Lin Jingxi, who were not in the Yuan Dynasty and lived in seclusion in the mountains; there were also those who were forced to become officials in the Yuan court, but they were unwilling, and there were often thoughts of the homeland in the poems, and this type of person was the most numerous, of which Zhao Mengfu was the most famous.
Zheng Sixiao undoubtedly belongs to the second category, and belongs to the strongest category of the spirit of resistance, its original name is wukao, some people say that the cause of the name, this "Si Xiao" is the "Zhao" who misses the Great Song Dynasty, zhao is crippled, leaving me and becoming Xiao, there is also the meaning of avoiding suspicion; he remembers Weng, indicating that he does not forget his homeland; the south of the trumpet, sitting and lying down every day, must turn his back to the south.
He called himself a "lone minister", and titled the house "Ben Cave Family", if the "ten" character under "Ben" was moved into the middle of the "Cave" word, it became the "Great Song Family" to show loyalty to the Song Dynasty.
On the day of the sacrifice, he would look to Nanye and weep and pray again; when he heard of saibei's official language, he would cover his ears and leave, which showed the depth of his feelings for his homeland and his strong resentment against foreign invasions.
A person who can't even figure out his name really can't write his life, he can only piece together from the notes of wild history and his poems, fortunately there are many accounts in this regard, the most detailed is probably the "Song Relics record", although some statements are contradictory, but there is still a general outline.
Zheng Sixiao, a poet and painter at the end of the Song Dynasty, a native of Lianjiang, Fujian Province, once took the etherapist student ying erudite Hongzi test; when the Yuan army invaded the south, he offered a defensive strategy to the imperial court, but it was not adopted. Later, he lived in Wuxia at the age of 77.
Zheng Sixiao's family has a very good academic origin, his father was the chief of Suzhou Pingjiang Academy, he himself was a taixue excellent student, after the erudite Hongzi test, he was awarded the title of chief of Jing Academy.
He was born in the Song Lizong Dynasty, at the age of 14 he passed the Xiucai examination, but at that time the national situation was already in danger, when the Yuan army marched south, he felt that the situation was difficult, went to the Imperial Court in Lin'an, Kyoto, angrily denounced the abuse of power of the corpse vegetarians, demanded the elimination of maladministration, reinvigorated the national prestige, resisted the Yuan army, but others spoke lightly, and played like a mud cow into the sea.
However, even if the emperor looks at it, it is difficult to have the art of returning to heaven, but from it, we can also see that although Zheng Sixiao is a scribe, he can also stand up and do his best for the country when the country is in trouble.
In the early years, because his father was in Suzhou, so he spent most of his time in Suzhou, whether he had a family is not recorded, it is said that he never married; only know that he had a sister, but he encountered disharmony, resolutely cut his hair as a nun, and later his whereabouts are unknown; after that, he was sent to Suzhou Chengnan Baoguo Temple, alone.
In the end, he donated the fields and family property to maintain his livelihood to the monastery, and the reason why he did so was to avoid paying the land endowment; because if he paid the land endowment, it would mean recognizing the Yuan Dynasty regime, which showed his dislike for the Yuan Dynasty regime.
However, I think that his family property should not be much, because, according to his account, he is "homeless and has no queen", a room xiaoran, and his dress is "wearing a rotten scarf on his head and breaking the soles of his shoes", and he has moved seven times when he was in Suzhou.
After the fall of Suzhou, many people defected to the enemy, among which the old officials and literati of the former Song Dynasty were the most angry, so he composed a three-hundred-word "Trap Song", which borrowed the title to play and happily scolded many shameless renegades in ancient and modern times.
However, as a cloth scholar, Bunsen also had no appeal, it was difficult to raise the banner of anti-Yuan like Wen Tianxiang, he only had to secretly write a few poems under the pressure of the Mongols, express his own sexual aspirations, and nothing more.
The flowers do not bloom and the flowers are not endless, and the independent hedges are not endless;
It is better to die with incense on the branches, and He once blew down in the north wind.
This "Han Ju" is probably Zheng Sixiao's most famous poem, even in the Wing Chrysanthemum category should also be among the best masterpieces, this poem is based on the meaning of words, metaphors for life encounters and ideal pursuits, the poem uses Han Ju as a metaphor, which strictly distinguishes the group of small people like a hundred flowers from themselves, and is also a portrayal of Zheng Sixiao's national integrity.
As scholars, the long-term Confucian education is to actively enter the world, but the mountains and rivers have changed, and the Yi people they despised have entered The Chinese, not only the glory of the past has become a passing smoke cloud, but also under the barbaric rule of the Yuan people, the humiliation is exhausted and cannot resist, so the feelings of loss, humiliation, confusion and loneliness are filled with poetry.
If it is said that the poets represented by Lu You and Xin Zhiyi at that time still had the pride of recovering the lost land, after the fall of the country, these many poets became obedient people who did not dare to be angry and did not dare to speak, and their poems were full of bitter lamentations, and the nostalgic themes in them became the mainstream.
However, such works could not be found in a place to be published at that time of turmoil, which is the main reason why there are not many works left by the literati at the end of the Song Dynasty.
As a lonely courtier who struggled in the pain of the subjugation of the country, Zheng Sixiao was the same, he created a large number of poems, wrote many articles, knew that these poems did not appear in the world, so he followed Sima Qian's "History", hidden in the mountains, and passed them on to others.
He compiled the poems he had written during his life into a collection, called the History of the Heart, which was resealed and hidden in a dry well at chengtian Temple in Suzhou, in the hope that it would be passed on to future generations when the day was seen again.
History in the white cloud dog to 365 years later daming Chongzhen years, the scene at that time is very similar to the end of the Song Dynasty, the Ming Dynasty under the Houjin Iron Horse and the northwest Li Chuang and other people before and after the attack, precarious; man-made disasters, and natural disasters, Jiangsu for a long time drought without rain, the ground cracked and withered.
The monks of Chengtian Temple then remembered the ancient well behind the courtyard, intending to dredge the spring to relieve their eyebrows, but unexpectedly dug up a sealed iron letter, which was written on the paper with the words "Zheng Sixiao, the lone minister of the Great Song Dynasty, who worshiped the seal", and opened it to see that it was the full manuscript of the "History of the Heart".
The sky has eyes, this manuscript that condenses Zheng Sixiao's life's painstaking efforts, buried in water, after more than three hundred years, is still paper and ink like new, ancient fragrance, as Zheng Sixiao firmly believes, "water can not be wet, fire can not burn, gold can not be cut, soil can not be plugged", and finally as he wished, "I know that my book will open the day of the great ming.".
Even if you meet Shengming Yao Shun, after all, you are not your parents,
A thousand words and only one word, return my old territory of the Great Song Dynasty.
The title of this poem is called "History of the Heart", which can be said to be the gist of the outline of this book, and all the poems written by Zheng Sixiao in the past 40 years are works that express his patriotic sentiments, and while accusing the Yuan Army of atrocities, he also denounced those traitors and traitors, expressing his patriotism and loyalty, which can be described as full of tears from the remnants and bloodshed.
Born with a virtuous heart, Ken will see and move with the times;
Tears flow like rivers into the sea, hatred like mountains inserted into the sky.
The song of generosity smells outside the house, and the shadow of the sword falls before the lamp,
Every word is an oath, and no empty words are only spread.
As a relict poet who refused to cooperate with the Yuan people, Zheng Sixiao praised the patriots of the Southern Song Dynasty with affectionate brushstrokes, expressing the steadfastness of "the country can perish, but the ambition can not be bent in the end", as well as his own nostalgia for the Great Song Dynasty.
And when this book came to light, it was the key time for the Ming Dynasty to resist foreign invasions, which had the role of inspiring fighting spirit at that time.
"History of the Heart" is a compilation of Zheng Sixiao's work of a lifetime of strange and great festivals into a single book, this illuminated and ancient strange writing, that is, it was warmly welcomed by the patriots of the Ming Dynasty, for a time, suzhou city "salty news, sighing as amazing", scholars "race to pass on the record, such as obtaining Linlang"; Jiangnan Inspector Zhang Guowei "looked at the difference, set up a donation to embroider Zi", and personally wrote a preface, known as "The History of the Heart of Iron Letters".
"I don't know today's moon, but I dream of Song Mountains and Rivers"; Zheng Sixiao's homeland sentiments always inspire people with strong hearts whenever the world is in turmoil; "This book is one day in the sky, then Mr. Li's spirit and China are endless." This is the feeling after reading mr. Liang Qichao, a master of traditional Chinese studies, who read this book day and night, and every time he did his best to "leap for a while".
There is a long-term release, a word of sourness;
This place is temporarily Huma, and only Song Min is song for life.
Reading is the foundation, who is it to serve the country?
Shame on Gangori, deserted city plum and spring!
This poem is quite generous and tragic, Zheng Sixiao lamented that he was a literati with no power to tie his hands, and he was unable to serve the country, expressing his desire for someone to recover the lost land, persist in resisting the enemy, and then recover the land.
When the homeland fell into the hands of foreign nationalities, and the great mountains and rivers fell like flowers, as a citizen of the Great Song Dynasty, all he left was self-blame and nostalgia for the distant time, and what "Heart History" left us is the mental journey of a traditional knowledgeist in this special period.
The influence of this book was very great, and it also caused controversy in the academic circles, and at the time of the Qing Dynasty, the voice of calling it a "forgery" gradually rose, first of all, Xu Qianxue of the Kangxi Dynasty identified it as a pseudo-trust by Yao Shilin of Haiyan, and then called it "the words of the Four Libraries" are difficult to understand, and the chronicles are mostly inconsistent with history." Thus it is concluded that "this must be a good and different person at the end of the Ming Dynasty, who does this to deceive the world, and therefore to be a dazzled person." ”
As far as my feelings are concerned, the examples given by those who speak of "forgery" are all partial and comprehensive, and the reason why they are "pseudo" or "trusted" is to meet the needs of ideological despotism during the Kangqian years, so it is not enough to prove it.
At the time of this writing, it was at the time when the Ming Dynasty was about to die, so this book inspired the people of the world to save the fighting spirit, it can be said that it came in a very timely manner, is it Providence? Coincidence? It is understandable that these factors have also attracted many scholars in later generations to dispute its authenticity.
Zheng Sixiao is also a painter, especially good at painting orchids, but the orchids he paints are different, the flowers and leaves are sparse and do not paint the root soil, which means that the Song land has been plundered, and the rootless orchids mean that the Southern Song Dynasty lost its land foundation.
He painted orchids, simple leaves, did not seek much work, painted it and destroyed it, and never gave it to others easily, so there were very few that were handed down, and there were many fakes in the world, and the only authentic work recognized by the world was stolen from the palace by Puyi and sold to the Japanese, and then flowed into Toei and is now in the Osaka Museum in Japan.
He always bowed down and asked Emperor Xi, who is Ru who came to this village?
Nostrils are opened before the painting, and the sky is full of ancient fragrances.
This is the inscription poem painting on the Map of Mo Lan, when Zheng Sixiao was nearly ancient, the ink Lan painted had no soil and no roots, "If you do not paint the soil, people inquire about it, then it is said: 'A piece of Chinese land, for Yi Di to get, I endure to paint Yes?'" "There are very few brushes in this painting, but the artistic conception is steep and cold, and the arrogance is high, which is no different from himself like an escaped orchid."
The inscription in the painting deliberately does not fall on the Yuan Dynasty Dade era number, still titled the "Deyou" era name of the Great Song Dynasty, at this time it has been 30 years since the fall of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the thought of thinking about the evil Yuan of the Song Dynasty has not diminished for decades, so painting this Lugenlan is the pain of the fall of the country.
It is said that Zhao Mengfu is also good at writing orchids, his paintings have long leaves and many flowers, and Zheng Sixiao's brushwork is very different, the two seem to know each other, the book says, Zhao Mengfu has come to visit several times, but Zheng Sixiaoqi "was hired by yuan, so he refused to see, Zhao Mengfu had to sigh and go away.
He inscribed on his portrait: "Disloyality can be blamed, filial piety can be beheaded, but this head can be hung on the table of the flood and famine, thinking that it is an example of disloyalty and filial piety." ”
It can be inferred from his poems that he also sold paintings for his livelihood, "I have real gold, and I only sell them for the price of land." Laughter was everywhere, and no one bought it. ”
This should be attributed to the fact that no one recognized his value at that time, his paintings were sparsely composed, obscure, and not appreciated by the people of the time, so very few were handed down, which is understandable, because when the "History of the Heart" was not published, few people knew his name.
From the poems in the "History of the Heart" can also understand the characteristics of his paintings, at first, after the fall of the country, he had all his thoughts and ashes, planning to "write in the mountains and forests, shed the surname and the character, and the grass and trees decayed", but later he chose the road of using the pen as a weapon, which is really some "the unfortunate poet of the country" meaning.
Drifting Zero Book Sword Ten Years Wu, and see the West Wind out of Wu;
Wan is autumn after the cup of xing, a few stems of snow on the mirror in the whiskers.
The clear sky is wide and the clouds are exhausted, and the broken house is desolate and dreamless;
Only the poor heart does not change, and the left Qing and the right are enough to be entertained.
Zheng Sixiao's poem is called "Drifting Zero", is Zheng Sixiao's exclamation after a turbulent life, he spent his life in the song and yuan Ding Revolution season, and the love for the great Song is beyond ordinary people, when he was about to "urgently need", he specially asked his friends to make a spiritual plaque for himself, which read "Great Song is disloyal and filial piety Zheng Sixiao", after the instructions are completed, "words and pawns".
Looking at Zheng Sixiao's life, in fact, there is no magnificent, earth-shattering deeds, he is a scholar, a reader who deeply loves his homeland and is loyal to the Great Song Dynasty, and what he admires is the loyal integrity, the lonely and stoic perseverance, and the works left for future generations, he is a typical representative of the relics of the Great Song Dynasty.
As the Yuan people lamented when they were revising the History of the Song Dynasty, "Chinese and foreign gentry know that they are high in name, honest and shameful, and the death of song, loyalty and festivals, ban ban ke book."
Sorrowful singing liang father chant, like the golden jade Shang Yin;
Ten years of practicing Wu Ji, seven days Bao Xu wept chu heart.
Sending Xinhong to mourn the country in autumn, starving tigers and empty forests during the day;
There is an oath in the chest that is deeper than the sea, willing to make the divine state sink?
Fortunately, when the Qing people entered the Central Plains, they posthumously honored the zhishi who had rebelled against the Manchu Qing, and put the "second subjects" who betrayed the country and sought glory into another book; the integrity of "not eating Zhou Su" was sought after, of course, this was to meet the needs of the rule, and it was the implementation of this policy that made Zheng Sixiao's name widely known in the Qing Dynasty.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, Guo Moruo praised Zheng Sixiao as a "person with a strong national consciousness", and whenever there was a critical moment in the survival of the nation, Zheng Sixiao's strong national consciousness would become more and more valuable.
Therefore, we should remember Zheng Sixiao, remember this reader who used his soul to adhere to the position of the "people of the Great Song Dynasty" and used his indomitable will to write a period of national consciousness "History of the Heart"!