Ming Xiang Sheng Mo Da Shu Feng No. 115.4 ×50.4cm Collection of the National Palace Museum in Taipei
This picture is a figure painting that symbolizes nostalgia for his homeland, which was created by Xiang Shengmo after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, expressing his nostalgia for his homeland and his deep mourning. In the picture, there is an ancient tree in Pituo nearby, towering independently, and an old man under the tree stands with his staff on his back, looking up at the distant green mountains and sunsets, wandering and groaning, as if he can't bear to leave. The author of the upper right of the picture has written a poem with seven words and one sentence: "The wind trumpet is standing in the middle of the tree, and the sun is thin and the west is lonely." Short strategy and with Dan Mo (same twilight), can not look back at the pu. "The image of the ancient tree is vivid and unique, the background is simple and empty, like reading the vicissitudes, weathering the wind and rain, and the leaves are destroyed by frost and snow, floating to pieces, but they stand proudly and have an unyielding inner spirit." The whole picture includes the poem title, giving people a sense of depression, sadness, loneliness, and desolation.
Item St. Mo
Xiang Shengmo (1597-1658), painter of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, the first character Yi, the later character Kong Zhang, the number Yi An, other names Xu Shan Qiao, Yi Shu, etc., from Jiaxing, Zhejiang. His grandfather, Xiang Yuanpi, was a famous collector and painter of calligraphy and painting in the late Ming Dynasty. His uncle Xiang Dexin was also good at painting. Influenced by his family environment, he loved painting from an early age and his talent was early. Xiang Shengmo is good at painting landscapes, figures, flowers, especially landscapes, not affected by various genres at that time, and in his own family collection, directly learn from the ancients, widely absorb the creative experience of his predecessors, landscape painting integrates the meticulous rigor of the Song people's pen and the charm of the Yuan people, the brushwork is beautiful, the layout is wide open, rich in change, especially the portrayal of trees, allegorical and clumsy, the image is clear and strong. Yu Xi painted pine trees, which has the reputation of "the name of Xiang Pine is full of southeast".
Xiang Shengmo was once recommended by Xiucai to be a student of the Guozi Prison. In the first year of Chongzhen (1628), he was summoned to the court and painted the Nine Chapters of The Imperial Dress for tianzi. Dissatisfied with the decay and darkness of the officialdom of the late Ming Dynasty, he soon returned to his hometown and exchanged poetry and paintings with Dong Qichang, Chen Jiru, Monk Zhixian, and his wife Li Rihua. Xiang Shengmo was very sympathetic to the suffering of the people at that time, and included poems and paintings such as "Jiazi Xia Shui Tu", "Yi Ugly Autumn Drought Map", "June Wind And Bamboo Map", "Flock Of Birds and Rice Crabs", which recorded the people's difficult and difficult life of natural disasters at that time, and sharply criticized and exposed the layers of exploitation of the peasants by bureaucrats and gentry. He was very concerned about the safety of the country and the nation, after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, in the second year of Shunzhi (1645), the Qing army invaded the south on a large scale, and on the 26th day of the sixth month of the lunar leap month, he attacked the city of Jiaxing Province, and Xiang Shengmo carried the old mother and his wife to flee. All the cultural relics such as ancient legal books and paintings left behind by his grandfather were some destroyed in the war, some were plundered by the Qing soldiers, and the country was destroyed and his family died, which made him desperate to live. The famous "Great Tree Wind Chart" pins his deep nostalgia and infinite mourning on his homeland. "Cold Weather with Cranes Guarding Plum Blossoms" shows his unyielding heart. Since the death of the Ming Dynasty, the work has no longer been signed with a dynastic era number. In the eleventh to twelfth years of Qing Shunzhi (1654-1655), he traveled to Fujian and created the "Minyou Map". Shunzhi traveled to Suzhou in the fourteenth year, and died of illness at home the following year. There are "Langyuntang Collection" and "Qinghe Caotang Collection" handed down.
Jiaxing great collector Xiang Yuanbian invited Qiu Ying to paint in a guest house at home, and treated him with kindness for more than ten years, and Qiu Ying had the opportunity to see the famous paintings of this person's treasured past dynasties in the Xiang family, and after copying them, he used them everywhere and improved his painting skills. After the volume of "Spring Xiaotu of the Han Palace", Xiang Yuanbi's inscription said that it was worth two hundred gold, and he recorded that he used "thirty gold" to collect yuan paintings.
Ming Xiang Sheng Mo Pu Di Tu Ink and pencil on paper 111.8 × 57.8 cm Collection of the Palace Museum, Beijing
Ming Xiang Sheng Mo Lone Mountain Crane Picture Taipei National Palace
Ming Xiang Sheng Mo Snow Shadow Fisherman Figure Color on paper 74.8×30.4cm Collection of the Palace Museum, Beijing
Ming Xiang Sheng Mo Landscape Map Liaoning Museum Collection
Ming Xiang Sheng Mo Landscape Atlas 30× 241 cm
Ming Xiang Sheng Mo Song Tao Scattered Immortal Picture Volume 18752×715cm Collection of the Museum of Boston, USA
Ming Xiang Shengmo Cut The Autumn Map of the Yue river, beijing, the collection of the Palace Museum
Xiang Shengmu Smoke Temple Bell Chart Poly Lot
Qing Xiang Shengmu Iwaki Si visits Tu Yong Collection of the Nelson Atkins Art Museum in the United States
Xiang Shengmu's grandfather Xiang Yuanbian
Xiang Yuanbian (1525-1590), zi jing, mo lin, alias Mo Lin Shanren, Mo Lin resident, Xiang Yan resident, retired secret nunnery master, retired secret master, Huiquan Mountain Qiao, Merlin Nensu, Mandarin Duck Lake Chief, Lacquer Garden proud official, etc., Zhejiang Jiaxing people. Born in the Ming Dynasty, he was a descendant of Xiang Zhong and a famous connoisseur of the Ming Dynasty. Xiang Yuanbian once bought a guqin with the words "Tianlai" engraved on it, so he named his study "Tianlai Pavilion".
Xiang Yuanbian was tired of the examination of the imperial examination, indifferent to the career as an official, the imperial court recruited him to become an official, he insisted on resigning, and devoted his life's energy to appreciating and collecting cultural relics, he was one of the most famous collectors in ancient China. His family was rich, and his collection of ancient Calligraphy paintings and DingYi jade stones was unprecedented in quantity and quality. Xiang Yuanbi stored a wealth of famous paintings, smoked for a long time, calligraphy and painting self-communication, landscape painting Huang Gongwang, Ni Zhan, especially intoxicated with Ni, good at painting landscapes, flowers, has a quiet and sparse interest, is a famous Wu school painter. His calligraphy is handsome and ancient, his pen is tossed, his paintings are written, and his gods are perfect. He also wrote "Nine Records of the Banana Window", and the story of "Tang Bohu Pointing Autumn Fragrance" is from the book.
Ming Xiang Yuanbian imitation Su Shi Shou Xing bamboo figure Taipei National Palace Museum
Ming Xiang Yuan bian Landscape Atlas 30.2×92.7cm Metropolitan Collection, New York, USA
Ming XiangYuan Bi Fan Lin Tu Scroll Color on Paper 25.8×86 cm Collection of Nanjing Museum
Famous paintings collected by the "Tianlai Pavilion" include: Han Zhuo's "Five Bulls Diagram", Li Tang's "Cai Wei Tu", Yang Wuchai's "Four Mei Tu", Zhao Lingyong's "Qiutang Tu", Ma Hezhi's "Tang Feng Tu", Zhao Mengfu's "Quehua Autumn Color Map", Wang Meng's "Zhichuan Migration Map", Qian Xuan's "Floating Jade Mountain Residence Map", Zhang Wo's "Zhuxi Cao Chang Tu", and so on. The titles of the Fa books in the collection include: Wang Xizhi's "Preface to the Orchid Pavilion" (Feng Chengsu Ben), "Yuan Eunuch Thesis", "Seventeen Posts", "Ping'an He Ru Feng Tangerine Thesis", Tang Ouyang's "Dream Dian Tie", Zhang Xu's "Four Ancient Poems in Cursive Writing", Huai Su's "Bitter Bamboo Shoot Post", "Fish Eating Post", "Treatise on The Book Post", "Self-Narration Post", Sun Guoting's "Jingfu Dian Fu", Li Bai's "Shangtai Post", Du Mu's "Zhang Haohao Poem", the Five Dynasties Yang Ning's "Immortal Living Method", "Leek Flower Post", "Xia ReTi", Song Xuxuan's "Thousand Character Text" , Li Jianzhong's Tumu Ti( Tumu Ti), Tong Tong Ti, Cai Xiang's "Beriberi Ti", Huang Tingjian's "Lian Po Lin Xiang Ru Chuan Scroll", Cai Bian's "Xue Yi Ti", Mi Fu's "Shu Su Ti", "Xiang Xi Ti", Zhang Xiaoxiang's "Jing Yue Ti", Zhang Jizhi's "Baoben An Ji Scroll", Wen Tianxiang's "Hongzhai Ti", Yuan Zhao Mengfu's "Yanjiang Stacked Ridge Map Poem Volume", "Seed Song Tie Scroll", "Luoshen Endowment Scroll", "Lao Tzu Daode Sutra Volume", Zhao Mengjian's "Self-written Poems", Deng Wenyuan's "Urgent Chapter Volume", Ming Shenzhou's "Poetry of The urgency", Ming Shenzhou's "Poetry of The Mountains", Ming Shenzhou's "Poetry of The Mountains", "Ming Shenzhou's "Poetry scroll". Zhao YongShayuan Herding Horse Tubao" and so on.
The treasure of the "Tianlai Pavilion" that Xiang Yuan had spent several generations of family property and his life running was less than 60 years after his death, and when the Qing soldiers entered Jiaxing in the second year of Qing Shunzhi (1645 AD), they were plundered by Wang Liushui, the chief of the Qing army. These rare treasures, except for some scattered folk, most of the precious classics and calligraphy and paintings were stored in the Qing court's inner palace. Many of the treasured calligraphy and paintings of the "Tianlai Pavilion" that people see today have collection seals such as the "Treasure of the Qianlong Imperial Pavilion", which was looted into the palace that time. Qing Zhu Yizun once had a poem cloud: "Merlin's relics are in the south of the road, and the lyricist's inscription is still in the door." The books of Tianlai are now exhausted, and the purple eggplant and white amaranth are planted with grandchildren. ”