Yuan Xue, the ninth emperor of northern Wei during the Southern and Northern Dynasties

Yuan Xue (元励; 8 April 510 – 31 March 528), also known as Emperor Xiaoming of Northern Wei (515–528), was a native of Luoyang County, Henan (present-day eastern Luoyang, Henan), a member of the Xianbei clan, the second son of Emperor Xuanwu of The Xuanwu Emperor, the mother of Empress Dowager Hu of Xuanwu, and the ninth emperor of Northern Wei during the Southern and Northern Dynasties.

In the fourth year of Yanchang (515), Emperor Xuanwu died, and Yuan Xuan took the throne as Emperor Xiaoming. After Yuan Xuan ascended the throne, his mother Hu Shi began to arbitrarily and chaotically govern, which directly led to the collapse of Northern Wei. In the first year of Wu Tai (528), Yuan Xue was very dissatisfied with the dictatorship of the Hu clan, so he sent a secret edict ordering Erzhu Rong to lead troops to help. Unexpectedly, the secret edict was discovered, and Hu Shi was furious after seeing it, so he poisoned Yuan Xue. Yuan Xue died at the age of nineteen, with the title of Emperor Xiaoming and the temple number Ofso Suzong, and was buried in Dingling.

Erzhu Rong heard the news, traced the cause of Emperor Xiaoming's death, and established another Prince Yuanziyou of Changle. The death of Emperor Xiaoming was the beginning of the Northern Wei rebellion.

real name

Meta-shreds

Nickname

Tuoba Xue

The era in which it was located

Southern and Northern Dynasties (Northern Wei)

Ethnic groups

Xianbei people

Place of birth

Northeast of Xuanguang Hall

Time of birth

April 8, 510 AD

Time of death

March 31, 528 AD

posthumous name

Emperor Xiaoming

temple name

Suzong

Mausoleum

Dingling

Reign time

515-528

The year number

Xi Ping, Shen Gui, Zheng Guang, Xiao Chang, Wu Tai

Early life

Yuan Xue was the grandson of Emperor Xiaowen Yuanhong and the second son of Emperor Xuanwu Yuan Ke, the mother of Empress Xuanwu Ling of the Hu clan, Yongping 3rd year of March 14 (April 8, 510), Yuan Xue was born in the northeast of Xuanguang Hall, it is said that Yuan Xue was born in the court.

On October 18, 512, the first year of Yanchang (512), Yuan Xue, who was only three years old, was made crown prince by his father Emperor Xuanwu.

Succeeded to the throne as emperor

On the thirteenth day of the first month of the fourth year of Yanchang (February 12, 515), Emperor Xuanwu died, and on the evening of that same day, the then six-year-old crown prince Yuan Xue became emperor and changed his era name to Xiping for Emperor Xiaoming. The emperor ordered Taibao and Gaoyang Wang Yuanyong to enter The Western Baitang and decide to handle government affairs. He also issued an edict appointing Yuancheng, the king of Rencheng, as Shang Shu Ling, and the hundred officials dispatched to obey the second king. Empress Gao was honored as empress dowager, and her biological mother Hu Chonghua was made an imperial concubine.

Untimely death

On February 25 of the first year of Wutai (March 31, 528), Yuan Xue died at the Xianyang Temple at the age of nineteen. On March 27, He gave Yuan Xue the title of Emperor Xiaoming and emperor of the temple as Emperor Suzong. On March 28, he was buried in Dingling.

For political initiatives

In April of the first year of Xiping (516), due to the famine of the people of Yingzhou, he issued an edict to open a warehouse to help the people. In December, Yuan Xue issued an edict that Luoyang, Heyin, and various ministries of Cao Za people over seventy years old, widows, widows, and poor people who could not support themselves, plus young people who were disabled due to illness and poverty, would be reported one by one after verification.

In the first month of the second year of Xiping (517), Yuan Xue sent an ambassador to inspect the four directions, ask the people about their sufferings, sympathize with widows and orphans, and depose you and ascend to the ming. He also issued an edict saying: "In selecting and appointing people, we must be able to obtain talents, and we must seek out people who live in the wilderness and jointly govern the country." State and county city defenses, each order to strengthen. Gather in the fast to punish those who participate in the demon. Prisons must be built, and the shackles must be small. Skilled craftsmen, no hidden skills. Silk satin with a long and short fit. Those who fake military merit must be eliminated in their entirety. Where the place of origin is false, the general envoy will picket and check them, listen to their surrender, and disobey and add to the crime. "

In the first year of the Shengui Dynasty (518), in the spring of the first month, the emperor made Yang Ding, the chief of The Qi, the King of Yinping. Nongshen, edict to Gyeonggi and the old man of the states of Ban County each have their own differences, and give widows and widows lonely millet. Gengchen, edicted as a miscellaneous servant or ventured into the clear stream, all the people in service, all five people to protect each other. There is no one to serve as a protector, and they take the official and return to the military. Ethyl unitary, Qinzhou Qiang. There was a great famine in Youzhou, and 3,790 people died. The history of the assassination of the opening of the warehouse vibrating. In February, he was united, and the edict was expressed to the divine turtle, and the amnesty was granted, and the yuan was changed. Dongyi State rebelled. In March, Southern Qin Prefecture rebelled. In December, Xin Wei said: "Life has an end, and the next returns to the Zhao Domain." Jingyi is reclusive, the mouth is hundreds of millions, the nobles are lowly, and there is no fixed place. To the west of the present-day Qianyi Mountain, it is proposed to be Jiuyuan. "It was the year, the eastern Yi, the western region, and the eleven kingdoms of the northern Di and sent envoys to pay tribute.

In the spring of the second year of the Shengui (519), the next edict was written: "The empress dowager is self-proclaimed, and the title is Fubei." It is advisable to follow the old scriptures, called Zhao Yu Nei, with the hope of the vice Li Steaming Yuan Yuan. "Winter December Gengshen, amnesty. Exorcisms are cast out fornication, and miscellaneous gods are burned. At that time, Tuguhun, Tangchang, and Zhaoda and other countries sent envoys to pay tribute.

Historical evaluation

Wei received the Book of Wei: "Since Wei Xuanwu had died, the political program was not open. SuZong Chong Ling ruled the industry, and the linghou woman was despotic, entrusting non-human beings, rewarding and punishing obedient people. So the four sides provoked, the disaster extended to Qidian, and died in the country for a long time. Or the beginning of the fall, whoops!"

Li Yanshou's "History of the North": "After Xuanwu, after Yuan Cheng, Xiao Ming Chong Ling unified the industry, the Linghou woman was despotic, the non-human was appointed, and the reward and punishment were obedient. So he provoked Uchiha and brought misfortune to Yan Bangki. Died in the country is not long, or it is also the beginning of the fall. "

Family members

parents

Father: Emperor Xuanwu Yuanke

Mother: Empress Dowager Hu (Empress Dowager Hu)

brothers

Yuanchang, brother of Yuanxu.

Yuan Xue also had a brother who died prematurely and was not named.

sisters

Princess Taiyuan, married Pei.

Princess Jiande

Princess Yangping, married yuwen.

Princess Yongtai

Consorts

Empress Hu, daughter of Empress Dowager Hu's cousin Hu Sheng of Jizhou.

ChongHua Pan wai pity, spoiled concubine.

Chong Hua Lu Lingyuan, daughter of Fan Yang Lu Daoyue.

Zuo Zhaoyi Hu Mingxiang was the niece of Empress Dowager Hu.

Concubine Erzhu Ying'e, the eldest daughter of the warlord Erzhu Rong. Later, she was married as an empress by Emperor Xiaozhuang of Northern Wei and concubinage by Gao Huan of Eastern Wei.

Concubine Gao, niece of Emperor Xuanwu's concubine Sima Xianzi.

Concubine Wang, niece of Emperor Xuanwu's concubine Wang Puxian.

Concubine Zhang, niece of the chancellor Yuancha (Empress Dowager Hu's brother-in-law).

Zheng Shi woman

Cui Shifei, daughter of Boling Cui Xiaofen.

Li Shifei (李世妃), daughter of Li Zhan of Longxi.

Daughter

Yuan Girl, the only bone blood of Yuan Xue, born to Pan Chonghua, was once falsely established as emperor by Empress Hu.

Historical records

Book of Wei, Book IX, Imperial Chronicle No. IX

Northern History, Volume IV, Wei Benji Iv