Source: Southern Metropolis Daily/Nandu Guangzhou
Chat said land
Religious pragmatism
Taoism takes heaven, earth, and water as the "three elements", which is also quite scientific and reasonable. Heaven and earth are the universe, water is the origin of life, the symbol of life - the worship of nature, is the origin of religion, Taoism's reverence for the "three elements", that is, the reverence for nature, which is the same as today's advocacy of protecting nature, advocating harmonious coexistence between man and nature, the original is a big "Tao", each expressed.
But for every believer, it doesn't matter what is natural or unnatural. I remembered that in my hometown before, the neighbor's family was raising pigs, and every 15th day of the first month, I could see that the housewife of that family had made melon and fruit offerings "worshiping the pigsty". Curious to ask, he said that every pigsty has a god cover, which can bless the pigs to avoid swine fever and grow meat quickly. I would like to ask them if they worship the Eight Precepts of the Pig, but in the end they dare not.
Chinese attitude toward God is evident from this. Whenever needed, a god can be created to worship whenever and wherever it is needed; if it is not needed, the god is abandoned like a, completely disregarding his life and death. This kind of god-making ability that has always been chaotic and abandoned is beyond the reach of other peoples in the world. Some commentators call it "pantheism," and I think it would be more appropriate to call it "theosism." This can also explain why Buddhism, which was originally an atheist, was immediately deified by Chinese as soon as it entered China, and "boundless mana" was also creatively interpreted as "miraculous and vast"; while the Taoists, who were born and grew up during the Hundred Sons and Hundred Families period and advocated "rule by doing nothing", once they were established as a religion, they immediately became very "promising", refining Dan and drawing symbols, driving away evil spirits, eliminating disasters and praying for blessings. Regardless of the white god and the black god, the one who can bless me is the good god. The need for religion, not from the heart, but from the practical point of view, is probably the Chinese", the "scientific and creative play" of religion. There are statues of bodhisattvas in the Sanyuan Palace, so it is not unusual to think of it. □ Yu Shaolei
Inside the Sanyuan Palace, you can really feel what is called "big hidden in the city".
Impression of Sanyuan Palace
It is an indissoluble relationship with the Sanyuan Palace
Encounter the Sanyuan Palace, and be scared away by the appearance and selling incense
Impression of the famous temples and ancient temples are on the high mountain, believers have to wade through the mountains to be able to reach, and Guangzhou has many temples and Taoist temples in the downtown, when I first came to Guangzhou, I lived near Yingyuan Road, often walking with friends in the neighborhood, this small road full of bauhinia has fun bookstores, exquisite clothing stores, very modern furniture stores, we go to shop one by one, when passing the Sanyuan Palace will be surrounded by some people who look at each other or sell incense, scared us to quickly walk away, Later, I heard a friend in Guangzhou say that making a wish in the Sanyuan Palace was very magical.
Three visits to the Sanyuan Palace, each reception is different
The first time I stepped into the Sanyuan Palace was on a summer afternoon, just in time for the Daoist friends from the South China Sea and Huadu to come here to study and communicate, and I closed my eyes and listened to the Taoist monks chanting. The second time I took the introduction letter of the unit and the approval of the Guangzhou Democratic Association Religious Department to visit, I was warmly received by the Sanyuan Palace confidants, and I turned around inside and outside the palace, but I didn't expect that just after five o'clock, he looked down at his watch, "I'm going to leave work." "On the third visit, Zhike prepared the materials I wanted early and made a cup of fragrant tea waiting for me.
Sanyuan Palace witness
The architecture is extraordinary, and the believers are flocked
The entrance ticket of the Sanyuan Palace is only one yuan, climbing the broad steps of more than forty steps, the two books of "Sanyuan Ancient Temple, Hundred Famous Mountains of Guangdong" are impressively eye-catching, and the smoke inside and outside the hall is swirling, and the sound of chanting is endless. The overall architecture of the Sanyuan Palace is divided into three complexes: the first courtyard; the second is centered on the Sanyuan Hall, and Taoism regards heaven, earth and water as the three most important basic elements between the universe of heaven and earth, so it is very respectful of "three elements". The main hall of the palace enshrines the Three Yuan Emperor, so it is called the Sanyuan Palace; the third hall is the Tianhou Hall, the Guandi Hall, the Taishang Laojun Hall, and the Lü Zu Hall. Entering the head gate, the quaint and majestic Sanyuan Hall immediately appeared. The temple is 13.3 meters wide and 13.3 meters high, and the three-element deity statues - Shangyuan Tianguan (blessing), Zhongyuan Diguan (forgiveness of sins), and Xiayuan Shuiguan (Xie'e) sit in the depths of the hall. The main hall is flanked by the Bao Xiangu Hall, followed by the Taishang Laojun Hall, and the east side connected to the Old Jundian Hall with a stone bridge is the Lüzu Hall. From this, through the front door of the guest hall, you can return to the incense pavilion in the center of the courtyard in front of the main hall. On the left side of the courtyard are the Hall of Worship and ancestral hall, on the right are the Bowl Hall and the Baoyi Caotang, and the antique Tibetan Scripture Pavilion stretches out to the west side of the gate.
The legend of Sanyuan has a long history, and it is not only in Guangzhou that there is a Sanyuan Palace, but the Sanyuan Palace in Guangzhou is recognized as the oldest and the most spiritual for making wishes, and in the courtyard of the palace and on the stone lion pedestal outside the palace, there are coins scattered everywhere.
The overall building of Sanyuan Palace is divided into three complexes, corresponding to the Taoist "heaven, earth and water" three elements.
Historical changes
The bucket turns to the stars, reading the ups and downs of the world
A long history
The history of Sanyuan Palace, dating back to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. In the third year of Emperor Daxing of the Yuan Dynasty (320 AD), Taishou of Nanhai Commandery and Bao Liang of Chenliu (present-day Kaifeng, Henan) built a monastery here for his daughter Bao Gu (Taoist theorist and wife of Ge Hong of Danyang Jurong), which was originally named Yuegangyuan. Bao Gu practiced medicine to save the world, collecting herbs of red-footed wormwood, with well water in the hospital, and pharmacy for moxibustion and tumors, saving countless people. After Bao Guxian's death, people felt his medical virtue and good deeds, raised funds for statues, and enshrined in the courtyard, which was for Bao Xian Gu's temple. The well used by Bao Gu for medical dispensing is treasured by posterity and is called Qiulong Ancient Well.
During the Tang Dynasty, this place was once the Temple of Enlightenment, extending to the Southern Han Dynasty. After several years of destruction, by the Ming Dynasty, the original Yuegang Temple was finally overhauled. According to Qu Dajun's record: In the sixteenth year of Ming Chongzhen (1643 AD), Qin Tianjian came to Sui to inspect Shi Yun: Tianwei Santai Lisu, should be transported to Linsui City. Yuexiu Mountain is so powerful that it should be converted into sanyuan palace to worship the three yuan emperors and respond to the heavenly ruiqi. At that time, the gentleman agreed, and raised funds to mold the three-yuan statue in the main hall, and the Baogu Hall was moved to the side hall, and the sanyuan palace got its name.
In the thirty-ninth year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1700 AD), Guangzhou was in a long drought. Du Yangdong, the 12th Xuan heir of Longmen Zhengzong and the abbot of Luofu Mountain Chong Xuanguan, came to pray for rain at the special invitation of the officials and gentry of Suicheng, and the fruit descended on Ganlin, so he was left as the first abbot of sanyuan Palace. Shi Du recruited chemical supervisors, built a large number of civil engineering, and the Sanyuan Palace was grand in scale, covering an area of more than 800 wells (1 well is 11.1 square meters), becoming a Taoist jungle, supplying food and clothing for the taoists in the past, and the religious life was becoming more and more perfect. Du also purchased more than 600 acres of land for sanyuan palace, that is, more than 400,000 square meters, and was later enshrined as the ancestor of the palace.
A tortuous business period
The experience of sanyuan palace is very extraordinary. In the thirteenth year of Qing Shunzhi (1656 AD), Li Qifeng, the governor of Guangdong, donated money to initiate the reconstruction of the Sanyuan Hall and the Bell and Drum Tower, and the king of Pingnan, Shang Kexi, donated a large bell. After that, through kangxi, Qianlong, Daoguang and tongzhi for more than a hundred years, successive officials and gentry such as the governors Jin Hongzhen, Jiatongfu, and Ruilin, the Yunnan grain storage dao Kuang Shixian and the abbots Du Yangdong, Yu Jiaoning, Huang Zongsheng, etc., either donated money to raise funds, or supervised the expansion of workers, and the palace view became more and more magnificent, and the incense became more and more prosperous.
After the Republic of China, the Sanyuan Palace rose and fell. During the Longjiguang period (1914-1916), the area around Sanyuan Palace was listed as a military restricted area, and the door court suddenly became snubbed. In 1919, the abbot Zhang Zongrun rebuilt it.
During Chen Jitang's reign in Guangdong (1929~1936), because Chen believed in Buddhism, the Sanyuan Palace became prosperous again. In 1931, the Guangzhou Municipal Education Bureau planned to set up an art school in SanyuanGong, and although Chen Jitang's mother-in-law was circling, it was still necessary to allocate the Eight Immortals Hall, Qixia Cave and Wulao Cave in Houshan. According to the "Guohua Bao", after this difficulty, on the fifteenth day of the first month of the lunar calendar in 1936, that is, the birthday of the First Yuan, there were still more than 100,000 people who participated in the gods.
During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Daoist stars dispersed, leaving only a few people, and the Sanyuan Palace was once again snubbed. After the surrender of the Japanese army, Sanyuan Palace was revived. On the 15th day of the tenth month of the lunar calendar in 1946, the next birthday, the worshippers were so surging that it was difficult to even kneel in the place of worship. It was the year when the government wanted to build a martyrs' shrine in sanyuan palace. In order to protect the dojo, the abbots Tang Chengjing and Li Xinhuan initiated the establishment of the Chinese Taoist Church, hired political dignitaries to serve as honorary ministers in the palace, and after the activities, the Shrine of the Faithful Martyrs was moved.
Sanyuan Palace has gone through the vicissitudes of the years, but it has always been incense.
From the paper ashes left by the letter, we can see that the Sanyuan Palace has never been forgotten.
What changes is the world, and what does not change is piety.
The Treasure of the Town Palace
The original collection is abundant, and there are not many remains
The halls in the palace, built during the Kangxi Dynasty, reflect the architectural style of the Taoist palace view in the Qing Dynasty, and have a history of more than 300 years.
In the 29th year of Guangxu (1903 AD), abbot Liang Zongqi donated more than 600 mu of land in the palace to sponsor the establishment of Shimin Middle School. For this reason, the Qing court gave two plaques, "Baoguang Lixue" and "Protecting the Country and Protecting the People". The original characters are written on yellow silk, and when the two plaques come from Beijing to spike, the palace solemnly greets them, and the sutras are engraved on the giant plaque and hung in front of the main hall. Both plaques were destroyed during the Cultural Revolution, and the latter was erected separately in 1982 when the Sanyuan Palace was opened.
In the 1950s, there were four paintings of Liu Shi'an characters in the palace, one painting of Kang Youwei Zhongtang, one painting of Julian Peony, one painting of Shen Mianchun Dazhongtang, one painting of Bamboo Zen Daheng Shi'an, one set of Daozang, and one set of Pingnan Wang Shangkexi sending a big bell. After the "Cultural Revolution", the above-mentioned cultural relics have disappeared.
In the eighth year of Tongzhi (1869 AD), abbot Huang Zongsheng rebuilt the Sanyuan Palace, and obtained the Qingniu Footprint Stone from Zhaoqing, which is still placed in the small pond in front of the Lüzu Hall. Tang Wu Daozi painted the true relics of Guanyin Dashi (stone carvings), 1.5 meters high and 1 meter wide, and is still embedded in the stone wall of the stele gallery on the west side of the palace. The ancient well of Qiulong left by Baogu was filled in in 1947 due to the large area of sediment in the well, and only the remains of the well fence were retained. In 1965, the well was destroyed as the ground was filled. In 1983, it was re-excavated and the ancient well of Qiulong reappeared. In September 1990, the reconstruction of the Laojun Hall was completed, and the benefactor sent a statue of the Old Junqing Niu of Taishang, which will become a cultural relic of the future.
Anecdotes about sanyuan palace
Some people pray for exams, some people fall out of love and apply
Liang Dong went to the Sanyuan Palace to pray before the college entrance examination
Listening to friends, Liang Dong, a former famous program host of Phoenix Satellite TV, often went to the Sanyuan Palace to pray. I didn't believe it, so I went to the Internet to check the information, and sure enough, I found a passage that Liang Dong said in an interview. That year, he was going to take the college entrance examination, hoping that he would be able to enter the university, because at that time his teacher said, "It would be good if you could get into a junior college." So he began to work hard, work hard, head hanging beam vertebrae bone, hard from the whole grade of a hundred to the top five of the whole grade, and then admitted to the Beijing Broadcasting College. Later, the teacher also said that it was good to be admitted, he thought it was a university, but in fact, it was difficult for the broadcasting college to take the test. At that time, Liang Dong believed: "My prayers to God can be heard." ”
The lost love actually thought of applying for the Sanyuan Palace
Before interviewing Sanyuangong, I checked the information on the Internet, and actually found a recruitment notice for Sanyuangong on a forum called "Daoyou Home": Guangzhou Taoist Sanyuangong recruited several Taoists, requiring a university degree, male, about 30 years old, can speak Cantonese, unmarried people are preferred, pack food and accommodation, and have a monthly salary. When I went to the interview, I saw that there was also a recruitment notice posted outside the door of the Sanyuan Palace, and I happened to meet a young man who was applying for a job, and I learned in the chat that my girlfriend who had been in love for 5 years had broken up with him, and he wanted to escape into the empty door.
The deceased has resigned, and the legend is still new
Where is the earliest record of the "three elements"?
As early as 1600 years ago in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Gan Bao's "Search for God" contains chen Guangrui, a native of the East China Sea, who gave birth to three sons, who were enlightened and immortal, and were in charge of the three realms of heaven, earth and water. In the Ming Dynasty, the Sanyuan faith in Northern Jiangsu and Southern Lunan was very prosperous, and in the fifteenth year of the Ming Dynasty (1587 AD), xie Chun, a Native of Huai'an, expanded the Sanyuan Palace, laying the foundation for the Sanyuan Palace complex.
Sanyuan is tang monk's flesh and blood brother?
Explanation: The author of "Journey to the West" is a staunch believer in Sanyuan, and the book says that Tang Monk is the son of Chen Guangrui of the East Sea, and the Sanyuan in this temple is also the brother of Tang Monk. Cui Liming, a Taoist priest from the Chinese Taoist Academy, also wrote a treatise entitled "Taoist Cultivation Concept in Journey to the West".
Does sanyuan palace still have the spectacle of "treasure flower playing moon"?
Explanation: The folk legend of the "Treasure Flower Playing Moon" spectacle is located in the Sanyuan Palace. Qing Kangxi's "Chronicle of Tonghai County" once made a profound description of a camellia in the palace, that is, "the palace has a tea plant, the moon and night are beautiful, the petals fall to the ground, leaning over but not leaning, called the treasure flower playing with the moon".
Sanyuan Palace is a Taoist temple, why are there bodhisattvas?
Doubts: In the process of development, Taoism gradually merged with Buddhism, and the worship of bodhisattvas is one of the manifestations of integration.
What is the relationship between SanyuanGong and Taoism in Hong Kong?
In 1929, Mai Xingjie, who had been the abbot of the Taoist Sanyuan Palace in Guangzhou, took the mantle and scriptures of the Sanyuan Palace to Fanling, Hong Kong, and founded the Taoist Pengying Xianguan, which is the veritable ancestral court of the Hong Kong Taoist Pengying Immortal Hall.
Why is the Guangzhou Taoist Association located in Sanyuan Palace?
Explanation: After the implementation of the party's religious policy, the Taoist Sanyuan Palace in Guangzhou became the first batch of dojos in the country to resume opening to the outside world, and at the same time was designated by the State Administration of Religion as a key palace in the country, becoming the first batch of municipal key cultural relics protection units announced by Guangzhou City, and the Sanyuan Palace, which was occupied by external units such as street offices for a long time, finally returned to the hands of Taoists. In 1982, guangzhou Taoist Sanyuan Palace reopened to the outside world, in the early days of restoration and opening, Sanyuan Palace was funded by believers, Sanyuan Palace rebuilt the main hall and the sculptures in the courtyard, basically restored the original appearance, Sanyuan Palace in Guangzhou's 5 Taoist temples are the most representative.
Historical suspense
A foreigner's travelogue to the Sanyuan Palace
Netizen network theory
On the first day of the Chinese New Year, the old Guangzhou people are going to the Sanyuan Palace to incense, we first spent the New Year in Guangzhou, and also followed our friends to join in the fun. Located at the foot of Yuexiu Mountain, at the southern foot of Yuexiu Mountain on Yingyuan Road, SanyuanGong is the longest and largest Surviving Taoist building in Guangzhou. My friend's sister happened to tell us that the people who came here were either devout Taoists or some people related to "too old." Those who have committed crimes of being too old before must come here to make a wish, and those who have committed crimes after that have made a wish again to show their sincerity, and those who have not committed crimes again will come to repay their wishes; if they feel that they are committing crimes that are too old, they must rush to make a wish and smash too old; they feel that they are smooth and smooth, and they must come to thank them for giving themselves purity, and wish that they will not be too old this year - wow, such a reason is enough to wrap all the people in Oh!
There were so many people who entered the incense, and the procession bent long to the liberation north. A group of eight of us huddled in the procession and moved into the palace gate, which was located on the hillside, which should be called the mountain gate according to the old saying. Qiao Qiao had told us to use our own money to buy tickets and incense for ourselves, And Emperor Guan, Lü Zu, Taishang Laojun and Guanyin, and we made wishes one by one. Under the eaves of the side courtyard lies a stone turtle. Unlike the incense sticks elsewhere, there is a clanging sound here. It turns out that the emphasis here is a "smash" word. Smashing too old with a coin can avoid disadvantages, and smashing the head of a stone turtle with a coin can bring good luck. Qiao Ke did not tell us that we still needed coins here, but fortunately, we were soon told that the workaround was to fold the banknotes into small pieces to smash, so we gladly followed suit. Fortunately, the first hit hit the head of the stone turtle. Just can't smash too old, because there are too many people to smash, too old cattle are locked by an iron cabinet, the iron cabinet door is impressively written "Due to the large number of people, too old is not open today!" "Haha, too old will be afraid of tiredness and actually have to rest!" "Of course it's tiring to give people trouble!" My dad and I laughed and quipped. But in fact, the age of tai was still not at peace, because people smashed coins into his iron cabinet. ——Excerpt from the Forum of the Sixties
Author: Dreamcatcher
Ternary Palace architecture
The eight ministries of the Sanyuan Palace
At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were 24 Daoist monks in Sanyuan Palace, all of whom were middle-aged and elderly, after more than 30 years, the original class of Daoists either died or returned to the vulgar, there were not many left, and most of the current 7 Daoists were young Daoists who had been trained by the Chinese Taoist special training class in Beijing in recent years. There are eight major ministries in the palace, such as abbot, capital steward, inspector, acquaintance, clerk, temple master, and kitchen, and they are assigned to duty and responsibility.
Abbot: The general in charge of the Sanyuan Palace.
Du Guan: Assist the host to handle all the affairs of the resident, and if necessary, he can perform tasks on behalf of the host.
Patrol: Play a procuratorial role in the dojo and supervise and do a good job in public security, fire prevention and other safety work
Zhike: Responsible for receiving guests.
Warehouse: divided into internal and external warehouse management, the inner library is responsible for managing the economic revenue and expenditure plan in the palace, and the outer warehouse is responsible for procurement and warehouse management.
Paperwork: Responsible for the exchange of letters, writing instruction reports and various reports, meeting records, etc.
Lord of the temple: The exhibits in the temple should be serious and neat and beautiful, and if there are good faith donations, they should be reported to the abbot or discussed for registration procedures.
Metropolitan Kitchen: Responsible for food work.
Three generations of abbots of the Sanyuan Palace
1. Xie Zonghui once cooperated with people to open a pharmacy on Xiaobei Road, specializing in Luofu Yam Liquor and Yam, working in a catering cooperative shop after liberation, working as a Taoist priest in SanyuanGong in 1982, and successively serving as the first and second presidents and third consultants of the Guangzhou Taoist Association.
2. Su Xinhua entered the Tao in Sanyuan Palace in 1941, worshiped Tang Chengjing As a teacher, served as a Dao Chief in Sanyuan Palace from May 1944 to 1950, worked as a worker in Guangzhou Sanyuan Broomstick Factory and Guangzhou Cable Construction Factory from 1950 to 1982, returned to Sanyuan Palace in 1982 as a Taoist, and successively served as the third president of the Guangzhou Taoist Association and the third abbot of Sanyuan Palace.
3. Wu Xinda Twenty-five generations of the Quanzhen Dragon Gate Sect, who participated in the Dongjiang Column and contributed to the War of Resistance Against Japan, and has been presided over by the Sanyuan Palace so far.
Wild history legends
Even the gods took care of the Sanyuan Palace
Sanyuan Palace is close to the Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall, when the Japanese bombed Guangzhou, the memorial hall area was bombed by the Japanese army, a bomb landed on the banyan tree in front of the sanyuan palace mountain gate, strangely, the bomb did not explode, after the bombing, the Taoist priests in the palace carefully took the bomb from the banyan tree, thanking God for his protection of the Sanyuan Palace.
When Metro Line 2 was built to Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hall Station, it also encountered some strange things at one time: cement grouting was gone, and the person in charge of the subway company came to Sanyuangong to enter the incense, and Line 2 had to be successfully completed.
Written in this edition: Xu Kun, a reporter of this newspaper, and Wang Ying, an intern
Photo of this edition: Zou Wei, a reporter of this newspaper