Summary: Through consulting the research literature and combining with their own investigation and research, it is discussed that fan Jin, the hometown of the famous northern Wei thinker Fan Jin, was in the territory of Yanglou Township in present-day Fangcheng County, Henan Province, and Fan Zhen should be a fangcheng person.
Keywords: Fan Zhen Hometown Dancing Yin Fang Cheng
Fan Zhen was a famous thinker in Chinese history, and his "Theory of Divine Annihilation" was the first important treatise to promote atheism. In the feudal era when feudal consciousness dominated, Fan Zhen exalted a materialist view of history, and this kind of courage and boldness was difficult for ordinary people to achieve, so it was of great significance to study Fan Zhen. At present, there are not many articles on his research, only from the relevant information seen so far, the research results on Fan Zhen's hometown mainly include: one is believed to be in present-day Biyang, Henan, and the other is believed to be in present-day Sheqi County, Henan; based on historical documents and combined with field investigations, the author believes that the ruins of the ancient city of Wuyin in the Northern Wei Dynasty are in Liangcheng Village, Yanglou Township, Fangcheng County, Nanyang City, Henan Province, and Fan Zhen should be a Fangcheng person.
I. The "Fan Zhen, the character is true, and the Nanxiang Dancing Yin People" contained in the "History of the South" is wrong
The earliest record of Fan Zhen's deeds is the "History of the South", according to the "History of the South": "Fan Zhen, the character is true, the Nanxiang Dancing Yin people are also." The author believes that the "Fan Zhen, zi zhen, Nanxiang dancing yinren" contained in the "History of the South" is wrong.
In the "Book of Han and Geographical Records", there is "Wuyin, Zhongyin Mountain, out of the water, east to Cai into Ru." ([1] p559-560), one of the thirty-six counties of Nanyang County in the Western Han Dynasty. In the Book of later Han and the Chronicle of the State of The County, Nanyang County has "Dancing YinYi", ([2] p183) and the Later Han Shu and Zhao Xi Biography have the phrase "more beginning to reign, and the great surname of Wuyin li is not down" ([1] p329), the Book of Later Han and Jia Fu has "Li Sheng of Wuyin", the Book of Later Han and Cen Peng has "More Feng Peng as the Marquis of Wuyin", and the Book of Later Han and Feng Yi has "Li Yi, the King of Wuyin, The King of Liaoqiu, Tian Li, the Great Sima Zhu, and the White Tiger Duke Chen Qiao, who have 300,000 soldiers, and defend Luoyang with Henan Taishou Wubo." ([2] p258) Was even more established, and Li Yi was made the King of Wuyin; Guangwu Li, in the third year of Jianwu, made Cen Peng the Marquis of Wuyin. It can be seen that since the beginning of the change, Wuyin has been a fief of the Hou Kingdom. During the Three Kingdoms period, according to the "Chronicle of the Three Kingdoms • Dianwei Biography": "Taizu marched on Jingzhou, Zhiwan, and Zhang Xiu greeted the surrender." ...... After more than ten days, embroidery rebelled, attacking the Taizu camp... Taizu retreated to Wuyin, Wen Wei died, for the sake of drooling, he took his funeral, personally wept, sent back to Xiangyi, and worshiped Zi man as Langzhong. ([3] p407) "Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Wei Shu, And Emperor Wu's First Chronicle": "The Gong lead soldiers to dance yin, embroidery will ride on banknotes, and the public will be defeated." Embroidered Ben Yong, with Liu Biao. ...... Gong zi wuyin also, Nanyang Zhangling counties rebelled against embroidery, the public dispatched Cao Hong to attack it, unfavorable, also Tun ye, the number of embroidery, table invaded. In the winter of November, the Gong marched from the south to Wan. The table will be Deng Ji according to Huyang. Attack and pull, raw capture, lake sun descend. Attack the yin, go down. ([3] p11) It can be seen that there were also "dancing yin" during the Three Kingdoms period.
In the Jin Dynasty, the Book of Jin and geography had the title of "Wuyin Principality." During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, according to the History of the South, "Nanyang Taishou, Qin Li, belonged to Jingzhou. ...... Wuyin Order, Han old county. "The above mentioned descriptions of the Western Han Dynasty were placed as counties. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, and the Southern and Northern Dynasties, they were all placed as marquisates and counties. However, the "Nanxiang Dancing Yin" contained in the "History of the South" is obviously inconsistent with historical facts. According to the "History of nan", "Shunyang Taishou, Wei fen Nanyang Li Nanxiang, Jinwu Emperor changed his name." Emperor Xiankang of Cheng, in the fourth year, restored Nanxiang and later became old. ┅┅Xiaowu Daming Province. Seven counties, four thousand one hundred and sixty-three households, twenty-three thousand one hundred and sixty-three mouths. Nanxiang Ling, former Han Wu, Later Han You, belongs to Nanyang. ...... Marquis Xiang of Shunyang, former Han Dynasty Boshan, later renamed by Emperor Ming of Han, belonged to Nanyang. The Book of Jin and geographical records are more clear: "In the thirteenth year of Emperor Jian'an of the Later Han Dynasty, Wei Wu exhausted the land of Jingzhou, and divided Xiangyang County to the north of Nan County, and divided it into Linanxiang County in the west of Nanyang, and Linjiang County west of the Branch River. It can be seen that Nanxiang was not a county administration office during the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was a county, belonging to Nanyang County; during the Three Kingdoms period, Emperor Weiwu divided Nanyang Into Nanxiang County, which was renamed Shunyang when Emperor Wu of Jinwu was in charge. Emperor Xiankang of Cheng, in the fourth year, restored Nanxiang County, and later became old. Xiaowu Daming Province in the first year. According to the above two historical records, it can be clearly seen that "Wuyin" was under the jurisdiction of Nanyang County from the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Southern and Northern Dynasties, and Nanxiang County has never had jurisdiction over "Wuyin" since its establishment to the area under its jurisdiction of the province. This fully shows that the "Nanxiang Dancing Yin" contained in the "History of the South" is inaccurate.
Second, from the literature, the ancient city of Wuyin in the early Western Han Dynasty and the Liang and Wei dynasties was north of Hengshan (Zhongyin Mountain).
Regarding the specific location of the ancient city of "Wuyin" County, there is no clear record in the Book of Han and Geographical Records. Later generations only according to the "Ming Jiajing Nanyang Fu Zhi • Biyang" contained in the "General Code" Yun 'Han Wuyin County Ancient City is in the north of the present county, the water is in the south of the county, and the Examination of the Water Classics Commentary Wuyin City is more than sixty miles north of the present county. ([4]p32) is located in the area of the ancient city of Zhai village, sixty miles northwest of Biyang County, based on the "Minutes of Reading history and public opinion" Notes: "Wuyin City is in the north of the county. Han County governs this. In the early Han Dynasty, Li Yi was first named the King of Wuyin, and Guangwu was made Hou Yi. In the second year of Jian'an, Cao Cao and Zhang Xiu fought against Yu Wan, defeated and returned to Wuyin, and broke the embroidery to pursue the troops here. Jin is also a county of Wuyin. Yao Qin placed Wuyin County. Liu Song fu yue Wuyin County. In the fifth year of Xiao Qi Yongming, the desolate Huan was born a soldier and danced yin, and yin gong, the lord of the dance yin, refused to break it. While Wei and Gongsun Hui and Huan Tiansheng were born to dance yin, Gong Yu broke it again. In the fourth year of Jianwu, Wei Daju entered the Kou, and bao Ju, the lord of the Zhao army, assisted Huang Yao, the second county of Western Runan and Northern Yiyang, to raise a dance. Gai Er Gun and Zhi Mai Yin also. Next year, it was trapped by Wei, and it was still known as Wuyin County, which belonged to Nanyang County. Xiao Changzhong was renamed Wuyin Commandery( 武寅郡治焉). Sui Chu County was abolished, and the county was changed to Xiangang, which belonged to Xianzhou. Tang Zhenguan was three years old, and the county was abolished. Also Wei Xiaochangzhong, set up a period of time city county, led the east and west of the second Wuyang County. Eastern Wei changed to Linwu County. At the beginning of the kaihuang dynasty, the county was abolished, and the county belonged to Xianzhou. In the eighteenth year, the eastern Wuyang was changed to Kunshui County. At the beginning of the great cause, it was abolished into Linwu County. Tangchu Province. ”(【４】p)
The beginning of the "Wuyin" is in the Western Han Dynasty, and the "Book of Han and Geographical Records" has proved that it was the fiefdom of Li Yihou, the King of Wuyin; in the Later HanShu Cen Peng Biography, there is "more sealing Cen Peng as the Marquis of Wuyin", which shows that during the Eastern Han Dynasty, it was the fiefdom of Cen Peng, the Marquis of Wuyin, who was sealed by Emperor Guangwu. The Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasty were still princely states, but during the Northern Wei Dynasty, their jurisdiction and status were constantly changing due to the rivalry between Northern Wei and Southern Qi for hegemony.
Zhang Jiamou has been examined in detail in the "Notes on the History of Nanyang Prefecture of Ming Jiajing". Zhang Jiamou commented on the clouds: "There are four counties in Wuyin Yuan Wei Jingxiang Erzhou, and the Topographic Chronicle of Jingzhou Nanyang County Wuyin, Note Er Han Jin genus, there are Hengshan, Hengshan is the present-day Shixia East and West Mountains. This note is called the ancient city of Han Luyin in the sun of the mountains, Wei Wu and Zhang Xiu fought in Wan, the horse name is stunning, for the flow of arrows, the public injured the right arm, and the return of the dance yin, that is, the earth also. A Jingzhou Xiangcheng County, Luyin, note Tangshan. Case West Tangshan. "Sui Shu • Geographical Chronicle" Weiyang County Fangcheng, note the Western Tang Mountains. This dance was in the western part of present-day Fangcheng. Sui Shuyang Commandery ruled present-day Nanzhaoye. Xiangcheng County, Xiangzhou, Zhizhi Zheyang City, the leader of the dance Yin No Note, Gaiqiao County, near the county to rule Ochre Yang City, in the east of Fangcheng, this dance yin dang in the east of Fangcheng Hengshan Yin, "Water Jing • Lu Shui Note" Xingshui will be in the north of the county of Luyin, not the ancient city of Han also.
1. Xiangzhou Luyin County, Note Xiaochang in the middle, the leader of the dance Yin no note. Sui Zhi Huai'an County Xiangang Note the old Wuyin County, Gai is the sign of Xiaochang. Yuan and ZhiXiangang were in the west of Biyang County, also overseas Chinese, close to the county, this dance yin dang in the present-day Biyang realm, unknown location. The ancient city of Benzhihan Dance Yin is the ancient city county of the early Tang Dynasty, and the so-called ancient city village is now called. ([4]p) Zhang Jiamou Zhuyun: "Guyi River, the manuscript of the Fangcheng Chronicle as the Yihe (bu) Yihe, eighty miles east of the city. Case, there is a former YiheZhuang in the southwest of Xiaoshidian in the eighty miles east of the present city, and the zhiyan is also. ...... The scenery around the shixia shahe in the north of the Yihe River is the Shixia Shahe, and the north is an anfeng Temple, and the west is surrounded by the Guanhe River, and the temple has a stone carving called the old Zhashan County. case, shall be a gorge. "Wei Shu • TopographicAl History" Jingzhou Xiangcheng County, Xiangzhou Xiangcheng County have Xiacheng County, Xiangzhou Xiangcheng County zhi block yang, go to this is close... The Shixia Shahe River is north, and the right side is affected by the broken city water, the broken city, a Liang City, suspected to be liang Wei's Yin City. "Water Jing • Lu Shui Note" Xingshui in The Northern Left Of Luyin County, LiuShui, after which Wei Zhi Yin, non-Han Dance Yin. Li said that its ancient city is in the sun of the mountain, the east of the city has Ma Renpi, Pi Shui three weeks of its god, so the blasphemy from the southwest of the city and will be In bi, this Han dance yin, now sixty miles northwest of Biyang, the ancient city of the ancient city is in the west of Ma Renpi, the ancient city of Han Dance Yin in the yang of the mountain, then the city of Wei Yin in the yin of the mountain can also be known. ([4]p78) According to Zhang Jiamou's above research, it is believed that there are four places in the rule of Luyin County, one is "Li Zhuan's so-called Han Luyin Ancient City is in the Yang of the Mountain", that is, in hengshan (the mountain east and west of the Shixia Mouth) of the Yang present-day Biyang Ancient City Walled; the second is "Jingzhou Xiangcheng County, Luyin, note Tangshan." Case West Tangshan; "Person, "This Dance Yin Dang is in the Western Realm of Present-day Fangcheng"; the third is "Xiangcheng County, Xiangzhou Xiangcheng County, Zhizhi Zheyang City, the dance Yin Wu Zhuan, Gaiqiao County, Near county Zhi Zheyang City, in the east of Fangcheng, this dance Yin Dang in the eastern border of Fangcheng Hengshan Yin, "Water Jing • Lu Shui Note" Xingshui will be in the north of the county of Luyin, not the ancient city of Han"; the fourth is "Xiangzhou Luyin County, note Xiaochang zhongzhong, the lead of the dance Yin no note." Sui Zhi Huai'an County Xiangang Note the old Wuyin County, Gai is the sign of Xiaochang. Yuan and ZhiXiangang were in the west of Biyang County, also overseas Chinese, close to the county, this dance yin dang in the present-day Biyang realm, unknown location. The ancient city of Benzhihan Dance Yin is the ancient city county of the early Tang Dynasty, and the so-called ancient city village is now called. Therefore, Zhang Jiamou believes that "the ancient city of Han is in the sun of the mountain, and the ancient city of the later Wei Yin is in the yin of the mountain."
And the author after investigation, West Tangshan is not in the western border of present-day Fangcheng County, but in the territory of the northeast of present-day Fangcheng County, ninety miles south of the county seat, West Tangshan is today's old Qingshan, the Eastern Han Dynasty named West Tangshan, Tang Dynasty famous Shimen Mountain, this mountain because according to the junction of Fangcheng and Ye County, for the Fangye Boundary Mountain, so ye County is still named this mountain as West Tang Mountain, it can be known that this "Wuyin" in the Northern Wei Dynasty once governed here. There is no possibility of the existence of the Ancient City of Luyin in the western realm of the Ancient Fang City, so that from the Han Dynasty to the Northern Wei and Sui Dynasties, there are as many as possible the "Yang of Hengshan" and "The Yin of Hengshan", which are the ruins of the two suspected Ancient Cities of Liuyin.
Third, combined with the author's field investigation, Liangcheng Village in Yanglou Township in the present-day Fangcheng Should be the ancient city of Wuyin during the Western Han And Northern Wei Dynasties
Dance, in places such as "Wuyang" and "Wuyin", refers to Dancing Water; Dance, when Li Daoyuan notes the Water Classic, is "潕水", and "Dancing Yin" is naturally "潕潕潕". According to the "Spring and Autumn • Guliang Biography" "the north of the water is yang, the south of the mountain is the yang", ([5] p1516) The original wuyang ancient city should be north of the wushui (潕水), and the first place of the ancient city of Wuyin must be in the south of the wushui (潕水) and the county is named after the water, and the city must be near the water, which is the common sense that the ancients knew. Therefore, when the "Wuyin" County Was first established in the Western Han Dynasty, the county government must be close to Wushui (潕水), and it is impossible to build the "Wuyin" county in the Bishui Basin far from Wushui (潕水). Therefore, the ancient city of Wuyin in the "Water Classic, LuShui Note" cloud "in the sun of the mountain" can never be placed in the early Western Han Dynasty, otherwise it will be inconsistent with reason.
In order to find out the specific location of the ancient city of Wuyin during the Western Han, Eastern Han and Northern Wei dynasties, the author rode a motorcycle to biyang County on August 23, 2008, and found that Zhang Jiamou's Yun ancient city village was in the southwest of Yangzhi Township, northwest of Biyang County, Zhumadian City, Henan Province, about 60 miles from the chengzhi office of Biyang County, and the river originated from the mountains north of Huangshankou Township in the northeast of Yangshu (when it was Hengshan or Zhongyin Mountain), flowed southwest to Huashan Reservoir in Yangshu Township, and then flowed southwest to the north of the ancient city village, surrounding the east side and then around its south side and southwest flowing. The direction and situation of its water flow coincide with the "Chengdong Arima Renpi" and "Three Weeks of Qihuang" described in the "Water Classic, Shuishui Note", so Zhang Jiamou's examination has a certain credibility. However, according to the 2003 version of the map of Biyang County, the Spring Water (瀙水), with Taohuadian Water as the source, originates from Huangshi Yangshan Mountain in Huangshankou Township in the northeast of the ancient city village and Taohua Mountain in the northwest of Chunshui Town, flows east to Chunshui Town and the Xianghehui in the north, enters the Banqiao Reservoir in the east, and the Jia Lou Water from the southwest also flows into the Banqiao Reservoir in the east. Its orientation is similar to that of Li Daoyuan's "Water Classic• Shui Shui Note", "The water flows out of The East Boundary Mountain of Luyin County, and the Classic of Mountains and Seas is said to be regarded as water." Guo Jing chun note, or see as appropriate as a flood, out of the Zhen Mountain. Xu Shenyun: Out of the Zhongyang Mountain, all the mountains are special. The east and the secret hydrate, the water out of the dry mountain of Luyin County, the northeast flow into the water. The water is northeast, killing the water out of the southwest of the Dashu Mountains, and the northeast flows into Yushui. The water is poured into the east, the water is injected, the water flows out of Yishan, and the southeast flow is injected with water. The water is also east of the Mouth of the Ao Water, the water is out of the Ao Mountains in the west, and the water in the east is also "like anastomosis." However, here are all Bishui river basins, and have nothing to do with The Water, which is about 100 miles away from the "Water of the Water", and the site of the site about 100 miles away from the Water of the River is named the "Wuyin" Ancient City County, which is obviously contrary to the ancient law of place names and is unbelievable. According to the ancient and modern geographical landscape situation, even if the Kwai River flowing north of Hengshan (Zhongyin Mountain) in the territory of Xiaoshidian Town in Fangcheng County is regarded as the "Lushui River" contained in the "Water Jing • ShuiShui Notes", it is 40 miles away from the former site of this city, not to mention that the flow direction of the Kwai River north of Hengshan (Zhongyin Mountain) is far from the "Water Classic" Sang Hongyun "The water flows out of the northwest of Luyin County, and the east passes through the south of its county." The difference is far from it.
In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Li Daoyuan's "Water Classic, Shui Shui Zhu" Yun: "The Classic of Mountains and Seas says: 'The mountain of chaoge, the water comes out. Flows southeast, note on Xing. 'Whoever supports the book of the Scriptures, the name of his mountain? The water on the Xingshui river is blocked, flowing east, the left and the western Liao are hydrated, and the east and eastern Liaoshui are injected, and the north mountain is guided, while the southern stream is injected into the Xing. Xingshui is also northeast, north of Luyin County, left will be Lushui, its road is slightly west, not out of the south of its county, its ancient city is in Shanyang, Hanguang Wu Jianwu, Feng Cen Peng as the Houguo, Han thought yangshan county. Wei Wu and Zhang Xiu fought against Yu Wan, and ma ming was hit by a stream of arrows, injuring his right arm and returning Lu Yin, that is, di ye. In the east of the city there is Ma Renpi, Guo Zhongzhan said: Pi is in the west of Biyang County, fifty miles west, covering hundreds of acres, its surrounding irrigation field is ten thousand acres, with the annual variation, the realm is not thrifty, Pi Shui three weeks of its god, so it will be from the southwest of The Huang and will be in the ratio, and the water must not return to its south. And the name of Yi is Yin, so there is no reason to go out of the south, and the south is yang, not straight, and not thinking. The water is also northeast, the water is injected, the water comes out of the Pheasant Heng Mountain, and the southeast passes through the east of Jiancheng. Built, when for the volume, the word is misproved. "Chronicle of the County" Yun: Ye County has a roll city, and its water flows east into Yulu. The water flows northeast from the east to the west and flows into the west. The left side of the water is Huangcheng Mountain, there is a stream out of Huangcheng Mountain, and the northeast is Fangcheng. ...... In recent years, the author has repeatedly made field investigations of the Shuishui River Basin contained in Li Daoyuan's "Water Classics • Shuishui Notes", and found that the "Shuishui" and "Xingshui" in line with Li Daoyuan's "Water Jing Notes" are actually the Jia River and Huangni River (the lower reaches of the Mingxing River and the Dry River) in the territory of Dushu Town, Fangcheng County, Henan Province. Regarding the Jia River, the Ming Jiajing Nanyang FuZhi • Shan Chuan • Yuzhou records that: "The Jia River is fifty miles east of the prefecture, and its source is also from the Dangyang Mountain, flowing east of the Qianjiang River in Qianye County, that is, The Water. Zhang Jiamou noted: "The Jia River in the Minutes, forty miles east of Yuzhou, originates from niuxin Mountain in the northeast of the county and flows into the border of Wuyang County. Xingshui and The northern left of Luyin County will be Shuishui, and the left of Shuishui is united with the Shahe River, and the Tongzhi lineage Jia Fu lives here. The "Shan Hai Jing • Zhongji Eleven" is the mountain of song, the water comes out, and the southeast flow is injected into the xing. The "Water Classic" is out of the northwest of Luyin County. Li Zhu Xingshui and The North Left of Luyin County will be Liushui, and the left of Lushui is Huangcheng Mountain. Now the Jia River flows from the southeast of Niuxin Mountain to the south of Huangshi Mountain, and to the southeast to the east of Dushu Town, and to the southeast and right by the Water of the Yan River, and the water flows out of Huangshi Shanxi, flows south to the west of Yanshan, and flows south into the Jia River, and the Jia River flows southeast to the north of Ronggang, and to the northeast to the west of Yanglou, to the north of Qu, and to the north of the river, and to the northeast of the mouths of the rivers, and merges with the Water from Ronggang to form a dry river, which is the river that is also a river." ([4] p77) The present-day Kaojia River originates from the south side of Niuxin Mountain in The town of Quanhe in Fangcheng County, flows southeast through the south side of Huangshi Mountain, flows southeast through Dushu Zhenzhi, then southeast is now known as Caizhuang River, and then flows southeast through Niuchang Slope into Yanglou Township, Fangcheng County, to the east of Jia Hippo (Gujia River Store), Huiyan River, Yan river originates from the north side of Huangshi Mountain, southeast through the villages of Makuzhuang, Qianzhuang, Yanshanpu and other villages in Dushu Town, Fangcheng County, into The Caotun Realm of Yanglou Township, and Shangcaotun Xi is the "Fangcheng" of the East Linxi River as stated in the "Water Passage • Water Commentary" When the author went to investigate, he found the remains of the "Xia Lu" ancient road and the ancient well ruins of the Han Dynasty here, which was related to the note of Li Daoyuan's "Water Classic • Lu Shui Note" that "the left side of the water is huangcheng mountain, there is a stream out of the Huangcheng mountain, and the northeast is Fangcheng." It can be seen that this is the place where the "Corpse" is clouded by "Chu Crazy Receiving Public Opinion" and the "Zilu Qingjin" contained in the Analects. Yanshui passes south through Du fengrui Village, and after confluence with the Jia River, it flows eastward through Yanglou Township zhibei, turns to the northeast, and merges with the water of the Sha river in the southeast of Yanglou Township on the southwest side of each village. Yanglou Township governs the Shahe River in the southeast, that is, the "Xingshui" that bears the water on the clouds in the "Water Classic• Lushui Note".
Different from the "Notes on the Water Classics", xingshui is actually two sources, one of which is the Shixia Shahe River from the south, commonly known as the Gui River, that is, the Yi river of the Ming Jiajing Nanyang Fuzhi. After the examination of the wei "Luyin" in the "Wei Shu • TopographicAl History", Jingzhou Nanyang County, Xiangcheng County, Xiangzhou Xiangcheng County, Wuyin County all have Wuyin County, Wuyin County's Note Xiaochang is in the middle, after the assassination of Eastern Jingzhou, it is obviously not related to the "Water Commentary". Xiangcheng Commandery (襄城郡) in Xiangzhou was named Xiao Daocheng (萧道成置), and Wei Yinzhi ruled Ochyang City (赭阳), which is now Fangcheng County,Henan Province. The "Minutes" quotes the "Five Elements Chronicle" Yunciqiu County has Houwei Xiangcheng County, because the Qiao County in the Wei Qi period has many narrow counties, both ruling this county, many similarities, this place may belong to Ciqiu in the Sui Dynasty, gai that is, Xiangcheng County, Xiangzhou Belongs to the city. However, the Gui River in Xiaoshidian Town in present-day Fangcheng County is the ShaHe River that originates from the mouth of Shixia, also known as the Ziyi River, after passing through Xiaoshidian to the west, qu is now Yanglou Township Zhiping (Taiwei Temple) west, and north and from Guzhuangdian to the ganjiang River water confluence, because there is an ancient Xinggang in the north of the water, so the "Water Jing • LuShui Note" is called "Xingshui". Present-day Kao Xing Shui, that is, the south side of the present-day Yanglou Township Governance Office from the south side of the present-day Guzhuangdian Township Governance twelve-mile river water, the upstream townspeople are also known as the Huangni River, the water out of the present-day Fangcheng County Yangji Township in the territory of Fanying Village, there are two sources sandwiched between the two mountains flowing south, and the south by the small river water, and the Pan River Jiagang south flow through the Yangji Township Shilipu Natural Village, the original stone bridge, the ruins do not exist. And the southeast is into the territory of Guzhuangdian Township, the township people commonly known as the Huangni River, near the map of Fangcheng is named ganjiang River, and the northeast right through the Guzhuangdian West Qu Qi's southeast, the right by the Tuwu Landscape, the left by the Footless River, that is, the so-called "Water Through • Shuishui Note" so-called West Liaoshui, the West Liaoshui out of the Fangcheng Mountain North Sheephead Mountain, the east has several sources flowing south to Tashan in front of the mountain, and the south of jintang village northeast, and then bend its south, the Fugang water from the southwest to meet, and the southeast left to pull down the well water, and the east right to receive the grass shop water, and the east to the north of Fangshan Mountain, and the southeast right by the Gudong River, And the northeast ronggang south, and the Shixia Shahe river, and the northeast Yang Lou ji east right by the black dragon pond water, water out of the Wuyang Laozhai Mountain, suspected that the "water through the water • Water Note" in Dongshan. It flows west into the Shui of The River, joins the Jia River in the northeast, and enters the territory of Ye County in the northeast, which is called the Ganjiang River, that is, the Lushui River. The specific location of "Liangcheng" is in the east of the present-day Yanglou Township Zhiping (Taiwei Temple), also known as the Broken City. "Fangcheng County Chronicle • Ancient City Ruins" records: "Liangcheng Ruins, located in Liangcheng Village, 10 kilometers southeast of Yanglou Street, the city is rectangular, 360 meters long from north to south, 200 meters wide from east to west, the existing city wall is 1 meter high, there are rammed layers, more than 10 eyes of Hanjing are found in the city, there are a large number of small Han portrait bricks and Han pottery well circles, Han mills, etc." The city lasted from the Han Dynasty to the Fifth Dynasty. On July 10, 1977, the Fangcheng County Committee announced it as a county-level cultural relics unit. ([7] P558) When the author visited this place in January 1998, he found that the city was square, with a side length of 750 meters and a total area of 552,500 square meters, which was far larger than the ancient city village in Biyang. At the same time, it was also found that there are still cultural relics such as stone sheep, and judging by its carving style, it should be the Han Dynasty; there is an ancient tomb in the north of the city, which the villagers falsely call the tomb of the Liang King; it can be seen that in the Han Dynasty, this is already a bustling city. Because its city coincides with the "Xingshui and Northeast, North of Luyin County, Left Hui Shui" contained in the "Water Classic, Lushui Note", and even more consistent with the Han Dynasty Sanghong's "Water Classic" and "Shanhai Classic", it is certain that this should be the wuyin county seat of the Western Han Dynasty, and also the county seat of The Yin County during the Northern and Southern Dynasties and the Northern Wei Dynasty.
Fourth, from the geographical point of view, Liangcheng in Fangcheng fully meets the conditions of the Han Dynasty and the Northern Wei Wuyin County
Regarding the jurisdiction of Luyin County, there is no clear record in the history and culture, although it is inevitable to change in the process of historical development and evolution, but from the relevant records in the literature and geography, it can also be seen that the approximate jurisdiction of Wuyin in the Han Dynasty can be seen. The Book of Han and geography yun: "Blocking the yang, mangyue Yangcheng ... Gongyi, from the Great Wall of Fangcheng, Wuyin, Zhongyin Mountain, Shuishui, east to Cai into Ru. ([2] p559-560) It can be seen that during the Western Han Dynasty, Wuyin County had the border of Zhongyin Mountain and Shuishui and Biyang in the south; the Great Wall in the north, bordering Ye; adjacent to Duyang (Mangyang City) in the west, and bordering the Marquis of Wuyang in the northeast. Its central location was north of Hengshan Mountain (Zhongyin Mountain), and according to present-day geography, the area of the county was about 100 miles. It is fully in line with the conditions for the establishment of counties in the Han Dynasty. It should be pointed out that it is only based on the "Wuyin, Zhongyin Mountain, And Water Out of the Water" in the Geographical Records of the Book of Han. "It cannot be used as the only condition for determining the ancient city of Wuyin in the Han Dynasty." Just as we cannot rely solely on the "Hengshan Mountain, the Lishui River, and the East goes to the House into Ru" recorded in the "Book of Han and Geography", we can determine that the "Pheasant" County Administration Office is in the area of Lishui and Hengshan. Because, according to the narrative style of the Book of Han, the annotations after the county name are only the landmark geographical names in Gao County, not the specific location where the county is located. Therefore, if we want to judge whether a place has a county office, we must examine whether this place has the conditions for setting up a county.
In ancient times, county administration was generally supposed to be in the center of this area according to the ancient system, with developed transportation and economic prosperity. And there must also be a wealth of cultural relics that can contain this era. Although Liangcheng in Fangcheng is currently only a village in Fangcheng, it also has such conditions. On January 27, 2010, the author and Li Hongjun, chief reporter of Dahe Bao, Hua Yunjie, deputy director of the County Tourism Bureau, Li Yingnian, secretary of the Discipline Inspection Department of the Cultural Bureau, and Wang Hailin, director of the Cultural Protection Institute of the Cultural Bureau, conducted an archaeological survey of Liangcheng in Fangcheng County, and found that in addition to the 72 ancient wells of the Han Dynasty, there were many Han Dynasty stone sheep and Han Dynasty bricks and tiles within the city wall, and also found that the 1985 edition of the "Fangcheng County Chronicle" about the size and scope of Liangcheng was wrong. After investigation, Liangcheng is about 75 meters long from east to west, about 75 meters long from north to south, approximately square, with a total area of about 5,525 million square meters, and is a ruins of an ancient city of the Han Dynasty of great significance. After investigation, it was unanimously agreed that it fully met the four major conditions of Han Dynasty County: First, Liangcheng was 80 miles west of Fangcheng County, 90 miles north of Ye County (Guyeyi), 120 Huali of Biyang County in the south, and 120 Huali of Wuyang in the northeast, with a total area of about 100 miles, and was located in its central area, which met the conditions for Han Dynasty county.
Second, here surrounded by mountains and rivers, fertile land, rich historical and cultural relics, only the cultural relics that have been found around the current qilongshan culture, down to the Han Dynasty there are Yanglou Township Shaogang, Xiaoshidian Town's Donglouzhuang, Simen ruins, Dushu Town in the territory of Yangwugang and many other places; third, here the traffic is convenient, north of Xia Road, ancient roads crisscrossed, in all directions, its main traffic routes west out of Liangcheng West Gate to the northwest, through Gangzhuang, Xipanzhuang, Qianwanggang, Houwanggang crossed the Shahe River (that is, the Ganjiang River from Xiaoshidian south to Guzhuangdian in the west), then through persimmon leaf king, Quwan, and Yanglou across the Jia River (潕水) in the west, through the northeast direction of Yangzhuang, through the early Zhuang (present-day Liugang), Li'an, Sanli River and Guxia Road, and then through the Loess Wadaya County Baoan Town, connected with the Ancient Yidao Road; from Yanglou to the northwest of dushu direction, through Mazhuang, Li Kuigang, Tangshu Yang, Caizhuang, Rice Field to Dushu; out of Liangcheng to the west, through SanliHe, Zhiping, Bodian, Tianzhuang, Guozhuang, Hezhuang, Guo Shantou, Zhaodian, Gaoshantou, Gaoshantou, Zhaodian, Dinggou, Caodian and Guzhuang to Fangcheng; East gate of Liangcheng to the east, through Yuezhuang, Qianyanzhuang, Ginhuakou, Houguangzhuang, and into Wuyangjing, via Silkworm Village, Standing Gang, Wanlou, Caihe to Dashangdian; out of Liangcheng West Gate to the southeast, through Guanzhuang, Dalintou, Tianzhuang, Weigang, Zhangzhuang, Hexi Liuzhuang, Wangdian, Shiqiaowa, Li Lou, Fox Gang, Zhangzhuang, Wangzhuang, Wary, Xianghe; Out of Liangcheng South Gate to the south, through Liu Shijizhuang, Zhuyuan, Across the Shahe River, via Banqiao, Fu Laozhuang, Simen, Xiaoshidian, Dahezhuang, Guihe, Coupon Bridge, Wangzhuang, Li Lou, Erlangdian and Shekou to Xiawa in Sheqi County; Liangcheng to the north, through Panzhuang, Xiazhuang, Laozhuang, Xihezhuang, Xugang, Chuchugang, Erlanggang, Xuangang, Haogang, and Zomaling into the territory of Ye County, through Xiaolianggou, Northern Liangyue, Gaoshanzhuang, Gaozhuang to Xindian; next to the ancient road leading to the four directions of Liangcheng, many Han Dynasty relics or ruins were found along the way, and the remains of the ancient road still exist, and the villagers said that "out of the security, down to the southeast, eighteen to the mountain", "out of the security visible, down southeast, forty-five miles of xiemadian", "out of the security guard, the lower southeast, forty-five miles of xiema shop". Out of Liangcheng, down southwest, forty-five lig material shop", and "grid material street" and other theories are established, Liangcheng in ancient times is indeed a political and economic exchange center that can not be ignored in the development of trade.
To sum up, the ancient city of Luyin in the Northern Wei Dynasty was in The territory of Liangcheng In present-day Yanglou Township, Fangcheng County, Henan Province, and its jurisdiction should be north of Guxiacheng County (and the simen of present-day Xiaoshidian Town), south of the ruins of the Chu Great Wall in the southern part of Yexian County, west of Dongshan and east of Duyang, so it is inferred that Fan Zhen, a native of Wuyin County in the Northern Wei Dynasty, was undoubtedly a native of Fangcheng County, Henan Province.
bibliography:
[1] Book of Han Zhongzhou Ancient Books Publishing House [2] Book of the Later Han Dynasty Zhongzhou Ancient Books Publishing House [3] Romance of the Three Kingdoms Zhonghua Bookstore, 2005.3 [4] Ming Jiajing Nanyang Fuzhi School Notes Nanyang District History Compilation Committee, 1984 [5] Four Books and Five Classics Yuelu Book Society, 1991.7 [6] Shuijing Times Publishing House; [7] Fangcheng County Chronicle Fangcheng County Local History Compilation Committee, 1985
Author: He Jinfeng Teachers' Training School in Fangcheng County, Henan Province