Text/Wang Qin
For the elderly citizens of Taiyuan, the "Lieshi Hanquan" is famous not only because it is one of the eight scenic spots of the famous Kuching Yang, but more importantly, it was a source of living water for the residents of Hedong until the mid-1980s. Its location, Lieshikou, is the boundary between the middle and upper reaches of the Fenhe River, the mother river of the Three Jins people.
In the "Chronicle of Yangqu County" compiled by Qing Daoguang in the 23rd year, it was recorded: "Lieshi Cold Spring: There is a spring under the Lieshi Mountain, the size of the side is different, the confluence is a pond, the square is wide, and the clarity is abnormal. "Once the amount of water in the cold spring of the lieshi was extremely large, and the Fenhe River began to surge because of the cold spring of the lieshi. The spring water gushes out from under the fierce stone mountain with dozens of meters high stone walls, and it is majestic and sound. The spring mouth is filled with water for a pool, clear to the bottom, warm in winter, cool in summer, and the spring water in the three volts of the sky is cold to the bone, so it is named "cold spring".
For the name of "Cold Spring", each family has different opinions, and there are disputes over "Jian Shi Cold Spring", "Lieshi Cold Spring" or "Split Stone Cold Spring". The name of the stone has gone through different periods from its origin to its development, and its characters are written in a variety of ways. Like many place names, this evolution is common. There is no debate here, and the official name is quasi.
There is a stone carved dragon head under the "cold spring", spitting out spring water, and there are also strands of clear springs flowing out of the mountain stone gaps everywhere, and the scenery is spectacular and fascinating. There is a stone plaque engraved with the word "Lingquan" in the seal body, which is said to be the royal letter of Emperor Huizong of song. There is also a pair of couplets, the upper link stone carving is: mountain light pleasant bird nature; the lower link is: Tan Ying empty heart.
To the east of the cold spring there is the Dou Dafu Ancestral Hall, which was dedicated to Dou Yi, the Grand Master of the Jin Dynasty in the Spring and Autumn Period. Dou Yi (窦犨), also spelled 犊, fiefdom Taiyuan, he dug canals to irrigate the people's fields, eliminate floods, benefit the public, and was called the river god by the people. He advocated moral rule and indoctrination, and opposed harsh government and arbitrary punishment. Later, people built ancestral temples at the cracked stone mouths of the rapids, called dou dafu ancestral halls. On the one hand, he worshiped Dou Qing for the people's efforts to eliminate floods, and on the other hand, he wanted to use the power of the water god to suppress the water potential and ensure peace forever. Later generations set up a shrine here, the shrine is at the foot of the Lieshi Mountain, so it is also known as the Lieshi Shrine. In June of the eighth year of Song Yuanfeng, the temple was flooded by fenshui and the tunnel was moved north to rebuild. There have been inscriptions throughout the ages. The Song Dynasty made him the Marquis of Yingji.
There is a plaque of "Luyang Bilie" in the temple of Dr. Dou that is worth studying, and it is thought that it is a second solution. I hope that everyone will not be sarcastic. First, oracle bone "Lu": the original meaning: fish swing tail. By extension: fully exert nature, unconstrained, diligent in labor. "Yang": Gao, Mingye. (Qing Dynasty Chen Changzhi inscribed version of "Commentary on the Interpretation of Characters" [Volume 14] [Ministry]) "Lie": powerful, meritorious. (He is also a martyr of his father and brother.) ——"Zizhi Tongjian") "Luyang Bilie" is industrious and intelligent, who can be more successful?
The second is that "Erya Shishan" is known as the sunset in Shanxi and the morning sun in Shandong. "Poetry Wang Feng" Gentleman Yang Yang. "Biography" Yang Yang, useless its heart also. And "Zhou Li, Di Guan, Great Situ" with Yang Li to give way, then the people do not dispute. The second half of the words "Lu" and "Jin" are all "day" characters, and the day is yang. Spirit has the meaning of grandeur; there is also the meaning of uprightness and noble character; the ancestors of the two places are civilized and lead the way. Morning sun, sunset, double sun contending.
Confucius admired Dou Yi's concept of governing the country, and when he traveled around the world, he wanted to visit Dou Li, and when he walked to the jin border patio to close a mountain village, he saw a child building a city with stone as a play and refused to give way. One of them, a naughty boy named Xiang Qi, questioned Confucius with the saying that "only cars go around the city, and no city gives cars". Confucius saw that Xiangqiao was small, but he had superiority, so he bowed down as a teacher and asked his disciples to go around the "city". When we reached the patio pass, we encountered squirrels with walnuts running in front of them to salute and chirp. Confucius saw that the Jinguo playboy was so clever, and even the animals knew great gifts, and he was very emotional and returned to the south. Ming Li Shizhen described "long pulse" and "string vein" in "Endangered Lake Pulse" as follows: "String pulse and long vein are far apart, and the scale of good work is from energy." As for the places in Shandong and Shanxi that are more "fierce", I think the reader has his own comparison in mind.
Standing at the Lieshi Pass, looking at the opposite bank, the cliffs are rocky, the cliffs are rugged, and the mountains are like knives and axes, revealing a broken wall. Old people say that in the 1950s, every autumn you can still see a magnificent picture of rows of rafts descending the river. The people in the row eat and sleep on the water, and they can only hand over the work until they reach the Yu Gate. On one side of the Bank of the Fenhe River is the turbid Water of the Fenhe River, and on the other side is the crystal clear stone cold spring, which is the famous weir separating the turbid scenery.
The water of the Lieshi Spring flows south for 3 miles into the Fenhe River, and the Fenhe River begins to surge with the water of the Lieshi Spring. The amount of water in the spring at that time can be imagined. Legend has it that during the Sui and Tang dynasties, the villages east of Shanglan Village to Xiliuzhuang used the water of the cold spring to irrigate the fields to grow rice. During the Ming Dynasty's Apocalypse (1621-1627), hengqu canals were opened to divert the water of the cold springs of Lieshi to water the farmland of Shanglan, Xicun, Hengqu, Xiaxue and other villages. Because the water is clear to the bottom, it was renamed As a clear water canal. During the Republic of China, Shanglan built a paper mill, and Hanquan became the source of water for paper mills. After the liberation of Taiyuan, the people's government built a water plant in the nearby village of Tutang and laid underground pipelines. The water is diverted to various factories and residential areas in the urban area, and has become one of the main water sources for industrial water and domestic water for citizens in Taiyuan. In the mid-1980s, the water level in the Taiyuan area dropped and the limestone cold spring dried up.
After 2003, Shanxi implemented the Xingshui strategy and the Fenhe Ecological Restoration Project, Taiyuan increased the intensity of pressure mining in the closed wells, and the mining wells in the Xizhang water source were closed one after another. Moreover, in recent years, every year from Wanjiazhai to the Huangnan trunk line water supply project to transfer 100 million cubic meters of ecological water into the Fenhe; the fenhe second reservoir water storage capacity of 14 kilometers upstream of the spring mouth has increased year by year, and various factors have combined to cause the groundwater level along the fenhe river to have a significant recovery and rising trend in recent years. According to some data, the groundwater level of cold springs has also been rising in recent years. With the third phase of the Fenhe River treatment and beautification project will be fully completed by the end of 2018, if the cold spring is clear and gushing, salivating jade foam beads, it will be the true nirvana rebirth of the "Lieshi Cold Spring".
Taiyuan City has a well-known alias, called Dragon City. "Three mountains and a half around the white clouds, a water divided into splendid city." Some people say that it is because the mountain around the city resembles a dragon, and the city pool is sitting on the heart of the dragon; others say that because there are so many emperors, it is for the abyss of the hidden dragon. "Shi Yun jade and mountains are radiant, water is full of pearls and rivers are beautiful", looking forward to the early return of the "cold spring" to the Tang Dynasty poet Li Pin in the poem "You Lieshi" praised the landscape: springs are divided into stone caves thousands of blues, people in curling in June cold. When the rain is about to rise, the breeze is beginning to ripple. Let the gifts of nature continue to moisten the land of Dragon City!