MySQL 5.5.47
備份路徑 /backup/
安裝
apt-get install percona-xtrabackup11
一、 全量備份
root@iZu1dc59z8tZ:/var/lib# innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --password=123123 /backup/ InnoDB Backup Utility v1.5.1-xtrabackup; Copyright 2003, 2009 Innobase Oy
and Percona LLC and/or its affiliates 2009-2013. All Rights Reserved.
This software is published under
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.
Get the latest version of Percona XtraBackup, documentation, and help resources:
http://www.percona.com/xb/ubuntu
160217 11:17:53 innobackupex: Connecting to MySQL server with DSN 'dbi:mysql:;mysql_read_default_file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf;mysql_read_default_group=xtrabackup' as 'root' (using password: YES).
160217 11:17:53 innobackupex: Connected to MySQL server
160217 11:17:53 innobackupex: Executing a version check against the server...
160217 11:17:53 innobackupex: Done.
IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.
At the end of a successful backup run innobackupex
prints "completed OK!".
innobackupex: Using mysql server version 5.5.47-0ubuntu0.14.04.1innobackupex: Created backup directory /backup/2016-02-17_11-17-53160217 11:17:53 innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup_55 --defaults-file="/etc/mysql/my.cnf" --defaults-group="mysqld" --backup --suspend-at-end --target-dir=/backup/2016-02-17_11-17-53 --tmpdir=/tmp
innobackupex: Waiting for ibbackup (pid=30486) to suspend
innobackupex: Suspend file '/backup/2016-02-17_11-17-53/xtrabackup_suspended_2'xtrabackup_55 version 2.1.8 for Percona Server 5.5.35 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: undefined)
xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise().
xtrabackup: cd to /var/lib/mysql
xtrabackup: using the following InnoDB configuration:
xtrabackup: innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
xtrabackup: innodb_log_group_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup: innodb_log_files_in_group = 2xtrabackup: innodb_log_file_size = 5242880>> log scanned up to (3233814)
[01] Copying ./ibdata1 to /backup/2016-02-17_11-17-53/ibdata1
[01] ...done
>> log scanned up to (3233814)
xtrabackup: Creating suspend file '/backup/2016-02-17_11-17-53/xtrabackup_suspended_2' with pid '30487'160217 11:17:55 innobackupex: Continuing after ibbackup has suspended160217 11:17:55 innobackupex: Starting to lock all tables...160217 11:17:55 innobackupex: All tables locked and flushed to disk160217 11:17:55 innobackupex: Starting to backup non-InnoDB tables and files
innobackupex: in subdirectories of '/var/lib/mysql'innobackupex: Backing up files '/var/lib/mysql/phpmyadmin/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (37 files)
>> log scanned up to (3233814)
innobackupex: Backing up files '/var/lib/mysql/mysql/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (72 files)
innobackupex: Backing up files '/var/lib/mysql/performance_schema/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (18 files)
innobackupex: Backing up files '/var/lib/mysql/blog/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (29 files)160217 11:17:56 innobackupex: Finished backing up non-InnoDB tables and files160217 11:17:56 innobackupex: Waiting for log copying to finish
xtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): '3233814'xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.
.>> log scanned up to (3233814)
xtrabackup: Creating suspend file '/backup/2016-02-17_11-17-53/xtrabackup_log_copied' with pid '30487'xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (3233814) to (3233814) was copied.160217 11:17:57 innobackupex: All tables unlocked
innobackupex: Backup created in directory '/backup/2016-02-17_11-17-53'160217 11:17:57 innobackupex: Connection to database server closed160217 11:17:57 innobackupex: completed OK!12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546474849505152535455565758596061626364656667681234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344454647484950515253545556575859606162636465666768
completed OK! 表示備份成功。
還有很多其他常用的參數。
–stream=tar 壓縮類型, 預設是輸出到終端,如果儲存為檔案
innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --password=*** /backup/ --stream=tar > /backup/`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`.tar#or gzip 壓縮innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --password=*** /backup/ --stream=tar | gzip > /backup/`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`.tar.gz123123
–parallel=4 –throttle=400 并行個數,根據主機配置選擇合适的,預設是1個,多個可以加快備份速度。
二、 全量恢複
恢複備份檔案要保證mysql datadir檔案為空,否則會報錯
測試恢複
service mysql stop #停止MySQLmv /var/lib/mysql/ /var/lib/mysql_bak #備份原mysql 的datadirmkdir /var/lib/mysql123123
恢複第一步:應用日志
如果加了壓縮,需要解壓
mkdir /backup/20160217_114521
tar -ixvf /backup/20160217_114521.tar.gz -C /backup/20160217_1145211212
innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --apply-log /backup/20160217_11452111
恢複第二步:拷貝檔案到MySQL datadir
innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --copy-back /backup/20160217_11452111
恢複第三步:修改檔案權限,啟動mysql服務。
chown mysql: /var/lib/mysql -Rservice mysql start1212
三、 增量備份
增量備份需要基于全備,先假設我們已經有了一個全備(/backup/20160217_114521),在該全表的基礎上做增量備份。
第一次在資料庫插入一條資料,在全備上做增量備份
innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --password=123123 --incremental-basedir=/backup/20160217_114521 --incremental /backup/11
incremental-basedir=全備的目錄
–incremental=增量備份的目錄
第二次在資料庫插入一條資料,在第一次增量備份上做增量備份
innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --user=root --password=123123 --incremental-basedir=/backup/2016-02-17_12-15-30 --incremental /backup/11
incremental-basedir=在第一次增量備份的目錄--incremental=增量備份的目錄1212
備份目錄下,有一個檔案xtrabackup_checkpoints記錄着備份資訊,全備的資訊如下:
root@iZu1dc59z8tZ:/backup# cat 20160217_114521/xtrabackup_checkpoints backup_type = full-preparedfrom_lsn = 0to_lsn = 3233814last_lsn = 3233814compact = 0
root@iZu1dc59z8tZ:/backup# cat 2016-02-17_12-15-30/xtrabackup_checkpoints backup_type = incrementalfrom_lsn = 3233814to_lsn = 3234430last_lsn = 3234430compact = 0
root@iZu1dc59z8tZ:/backup# cat 2016-02-17_12-1/xtrabackup_checkpoints 2016-02-17_12-15-30/ 2016-02-17_12-17-31/
root@iZu1dc59z8tZ:/backup# cat 2016-02-17_12-17-31/xtrabackup_checkpoints backup_type = incrementalfrom_lsn = 3234430to_lsn = 3234537last_lsn = 3234537compact = 012345678910111213141516171819201234567891011121314151617181920
四、 增量恢複
//測試恢複service mysql stop #停止MySQLmv /var/lib/mysql/ /var/lib/mysql_bak #備份原mysql 的datadirmkdir /var/lib/mysql12341234
恢複第一步:應用所有增量日志
1,應用全量的日志
innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --apply-log --redo-only /backup/20160217_11452111
2,應用增量的日志
//第一次增量innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --apply-log --redo-only /backup/20160217_114521 --incremental-dir=/backup/2016-02-17_12-15-30/ 1212
//最後一次增量innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --apply-log /backup/20160217_114521 --incremental-dir=/backup/2016-02-17_12-17-31/1212
innobackupex --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/my.cnf --copy-back /backup/20160217_11452111
chown mysql: /var/lib/mysql -Rservice mysql start