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SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

記賬碼在SAP實際使用如下所示:

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

SPRO配置路徑在ECC和S4中略微差別

财務會計(新)→财務會計全局設定 (新)→憑證→定義過帳碼(ECC)

财務會計→财務會計全局設定→憑證→定義過帳碼(S4)

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結
SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

官方介紹文檔

定義過帳碼

In this activity you define posting keys. Users specify a posting key before entering a line item. The posting key controls how the line item is entered and processed.

For each posting key, you define among other things:
•which side of an account can be posted to,
•which type of account can be posted to, and
•which fields the system displays on the entry screens and whether an entry must be made (field status).

Note

The system also uses the field status group you specify in a G/L account to determine the status of fields in document entry. Field status groups are defined within a field status variant.

Recommendation

Use the posting keys delivered with the standard system.

Activities
1. Check the standard settings.
2. Modify them if necessary.
In particular, you may need to make changes to customer and vendor posting keys if a different field status is required.
           

總結起來記賬碼(Posting Key)主要有如下作用:

1、控制憑證行項目界面字段屬性,包括顯示、隐藏、必填等(不能和FS00中的科目字段狀态組屬性沖突)

2、控制憑證行項目的借貸方向,包括借方、貸方

3、控制憑證行項目賬戶類型,包括:總賬、客戶、供應商、資産、物料等

4、控制沖銷憑證對應記賬碼

上述憑證記賬碼:01 

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

SAP提供多個預設記賬碼,錄入憑證時,優先使用系統預設記賬碼,對應背景表TBSL

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

記賬碼歸類如下:

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

科目類型對應分錄

1、總賬:General Ledger(G)

40:現金  50:銀行存款

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

2、客戶:Customer(C)

01:客戶編碼AR  50:其他業務收入。

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

3、供應商:Vendor(V)

40:制造費用-電費 31:供應商編号AP

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

4、資産:Asset(A)

70:固定資産号碼  31:應付賬款

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

5、物料:Material(M)

存貨時

89:存貨  96:GR/IR,

退貨時

86:GR/IR 99:存貨 

(與存貨有關的會計業務,大部分是系統自動産生的)

SAP記賬碼(Posting Key/Posting Code)作用和歸類等總結

熟練掌握記賬碼的使用歸類,可以最大化使用超級F-02,不用記那些針對指定記賬碼的T-CODE,如:F-22/FB50/FB60/FB70等

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