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In 2019, the domestic drama has a great reputation and a Douban score of 8.6 ,2019,2019," are you chasing?
"The Twelve Hours of Chang'an" is adapted from Ma Boyong's novel of the same name, and a large number of long shots with one shot to the end show the customs and folklore of Chang'an City and the fireworks life of the people to the fullest, making people dream of returning to Chang'an for a second. Zhang Xiaojing (Lei Jiayin), who is in prison, is in danger and is ordered to work with the talented teenager Li Bi (Yi Qianxi) to eliminate hidden dangers within twelve hours, with a tense plot, interlocking links, excellent production, and online acting skills. Look, it's over!
And what is the biggest mystery that runs through the first twelve episodes, the "Que Lehodo" that Wolf Guard chants every day?
Later, it was finally deciphered that "Que Lehodo" was "the end of the world".
So what is the next "soul of Que lehodo"?
The answer is finally revealed in episode 13 —
However, there is a small adaptation here according to the needs of the plot, using Yanzhou stone grease to make ink, which was actually invented by shen kuo (1031-1095) of the Northern Song Dynasty more than three hundred years after Tianbao Sanzai (744).
So how did Shen Kuo know about Yanzhou Shili? After all, the Yanzhou stone fat in the drama "The Twelve Hours of Chang'an" was only known to the local defenders and the people, and the people of Guanzhong had never even heard of it.
Originally, in the third year of Yuanfeng (1080), Shen Kuo changed his name to Yan Prefecture (延州) and served as a slightly pacified envoy of Yan YanLu to defend against Western Xia. When Shen Kuo was serving as a taishou in Yanzhou, Shaanxi, he found that there was a kind of Gaonu County fat water near Yanzhou, which was mixed with sand and spring water and slowly flowed out. Locals dip it from the feathers of a chicken's tail and collect it into crock pots. This oil is very similar to pure paint, can burn, burn like burning hemp rod, but will emit a very thick smoke, Shen Kuo named this fat water oil. At this time, the oil has a big disadvantage, there is no refined crude oil viscosity contains more impurities, smoke rolling, the house is blackened, it is impossible to promote it as fuel on a large scale.
As the saying goes, an official who is not an improper scientist is not a good official, and Shen Kuo is keenly aware that these thick smokes also have use value. He collected some black powder produced by thick smoke and made ink for writing, the luster of the ink was like black paint, black and bright, better than pine smoke ink, so Shen Kuo vigorously promoted it. Moreover, Shen Kuo also asserted that "this thing will be popular in the world", because there is a lot of oil, taken from the ground, endless, unlike pine smoke ink to rely on pine wood to make, pine wood is gone.
"This thing" did "flourish in the world" later, although it was not used to make ink as Shen Kuo originally thought.
Oil in the territory of Yan and Yan, the old saying "Gaonu County out of the fat water", that is, this also. Born in the water's edge, sand and spring water mixed, "confused" out, the natives with the pheasant tail, but into the silk, quite like pure lacquer, burning like hemp, but the smoke is very thick, the curtain is black. Doubting that its smoke is available, try to sweep its coal to think that it is ink, black light is like lacquer, and loose ink is not enough, so it is great. Its literacy is "Yanchuan Stone Liquid" is also. This thing will flourish in the world, from the beginning of the giving. There is a lot of oil, born in the earth infinitely, but pine wood is sometimes exhausted.
——Shen Kuo,"Mengxi Pen Talk"
And in the "Mengxi Pen Talk", "the old saying is 'Gaonu County out of the fat water'" - this "old saying", the source can be many.
The "Geographical Records of the Han Dynasty" of the Eastern Han Dynasty Bangu (32-92) mentions that "gaonu, there is water that can be flammable".
In the Western Jin Dynasty, the historian Sima Biao (?) -306) in the fifth volume of the Book of Continuation of the Han Dynasty, the Chronicle of the Prefecture records that "there are mountains in the south of Yanshou County, Jiuquan County, and the spring water of the stone is ,...... Its water is fat, such as boiled meat, forever, such as not gelling, but extremely bright, inedible, the county people call it stone paint. The "fat" and "stone paint" mentioned here refer to oil, and "ran" is the same as "burning", which shows that the ancients at that time had begun to understand the characterization of oil and take advantage of it, which was probably the beginning of the earliest use of oil.
Subsequently, the Northern Wei Dynasty Daoyuan (?) -527) in his geographical masterpiece "Notes on the Water Classics", it is stated that "Gaonu County has water, fat can be ran, water is fat, can be taken and used." The "fat" here also refers to oil.
In the Tang Dynasty, Li Jifu (758-814) made a more detailed record of the oil in the Jiuquan area of Gansu in the "Atlas of Yuanhe County": "The stone fat water in Yumen County, one hundred and eighty miles southeast of the county, the spring has moss, such as fat meat, and the burning is extremely bright. ”
His descendant Duan Chengshi (803-863) again recorded the oil production of high slaves in northern Shaanxi in his encyclopedic book "Youyang Miscellaneous Tricks". The book reads: "Stone lacquer, Gaonu County stone grease water, water greasy floating water, such as paint, mining with paste car and burning lamp, very bright." Here it is pointed out that "stone grease water" can not only burn the lamp, but also "paste the car", apply oil to the axle, and lubricate it.
Although the ancients discovered oil very early, but in different periods of oil has different names, qin and Han times oil is called "combustible water", the Three Kingdoms and Two Jin Dynasties called "stone paint", the Southern and Northern Dynasties is called "water fertilizer", Sui and Tang dynasty is called "stone fat water". In the Northern Song Dynasty, the word "oil" began to appear in China's historical documents. The Taiping Guangji compiled by Li Fang (925-996) of the Northern Song Dynasty is the earliest historical document found so far to record the term "oil", "The oil well is in the north ninety miles of Yanchang County, and the well produces oil." "Then, the inventor of Yanzhou stone resin ink · Scientist · Politician · Prophetic Emperor · Shen Kuo made a grand appearance and used the term "oil" again in his scientific masterpiece "Mengxi Pen Talk". Therefore, when the historical documents after the Northern Song Dynasty record oil, most of them use the name "oil" and use it to this day.
And almost every ancient book that mentions oil points to the same place, Gaonu County. Where is this Gaonu County?
Gaonu was a county set up in the Qin Dynasty, and in the area of today's Yan'an in Shaanxi Province, Huanshui was a tributary of today's Yanhe River. Therefore, these "combustible water", "stone paint", "water fertilizer", "stone fat water" are actually from our Yanchang oil field. During the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, the first oil well on land in China was drilled in Yanchang County, marking the beginning of China's industrial oil exploitation.
Today, we can't live without oil. However, people are also beginning to look for new alternative energy sources to reduce their dependence on oil, solar, wind, nuclear, hydrogen and so on. I believe that in the near future, we will usher in a new era.
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Author 丨Jiang Weihuan
Responsible editor 丨 Li Juyao
Executive Editor 丨 Gong Zheng
Content Source 丨Nanfang Energy Watch