Stone carvings at the site of Yuan Shangdu
The ruins of Yuan Shangdu, far away in the Blue Banner Grassland of the Xilin Gol League in Inner Mongolia, seem to be out of reach. In the early summer of the first half of the year, Wei Zhang went to Inner Mongolia to interview the wind power and photovoltaic base of the Three Gorges Group, realizing his long-cherished wish for many years. Interview project base, from this alliance to the other league, off-road vehicles can not be reached in a few hours mercedes-benz. The distance and the breadth of the grassland made me and other southerners sigh.
It's a long road
At 8:00 a.m., we drove to the ruins of Yuan Shangdu, and arrived near noon. The view of the curtain roughly coincided with the desolate conditions I imagined. Today's tourist attractions, there are few that do not take much effort to implement "cultural embellishment + commercialization" packaging, and the cultural and tourism department calls it "building". Skip the stereotyped furnishings of the scenic spot and go straight to the Yuan Capital where Kublai Khan ascended the throne.
Scenic parking
In fact, the name of Shangdu was originally Kaiping. From the 49th year of jiading in the Southern Song Dynasty to the fifth year of Baoyou (1256-1258), Kublai Khan ordered his close minister Zi Cong (Liu Bingzhong) to build a city in Longgang Xiangdi, east of Huanzhou City and on the north bank of Luanshui, and named it Kaiping. Kublai Khan took the throne and established the central government of the Yuan Dynasty, and Kaiping Province was continuously added and expanded and then promoted to the capital, and was named Shangdu.
The stone carvings of the ruins overlook
Kublai Khan's imperial group sculptures
In the distance, you can catch a glimpse of a square platform paved with square stone slabs, and at the front of it stands a huge landscape stone of the "Yuan Shangdu Ruins". Looking around, I feel that the landform is flat and the grassland is vast, which is indescribable.
Looking at the huge bronze statues that include the history of the Mongolian people, perhaps because of the southerners, I have no antipathy to Kublai Khan who "rode horses to fight the world" in the change of dynasties, but I have little respect.
Jinlian River Trail
In the past, Yuan Shangdu was bordered by the Shangdu River in the south, longgang Mountain in the north, and the vast Jinlian river grassland around it, forming a palace-centered, layered, radial distribution, that is, a palace and temple complex with civil engineering as the mainstay. The imami ruins have complete facilities such as the outer castle, the imperial castle, the miyagi castle, and the sekisaka.
Beautiful Golden Lotus River
It is said that in the first year of Emperor Yuanxianzong(1251), Kublai Khan was appointed as the commander-in-chief of the "Southern Han Dynasty Military Affairs", and went south to garrison here to recruit the world's famous people and build the Jinlianchuan shogunate here. There are pavilions and boardwalks built by the stream next to the former shogunate for visitors to see the beautiful golden lotus.
Out of town overlook
Remains of the outer city wall
Follow the Golden Lotus River Trail to see the ruins of the outer castle. Shi Zai: The outer city as a whole is curved and shaped, and is expanded around the west and north sides of the imperial city, with the west and north walls 2220 meters long, the east wall 815 meters long, and the south wall 820 meters long. The existing wall is 10 meters wide at the base, 2 meters wide at the top, and about 3-6 meters high. There are four gates in total, one on the south wall, one on the west wall, and two on the north wall, showing the remains of the moat.
The Imperial City Gate overlooks
Close-up view of the Imperial City Gate
Further ahead into the Imperial Road, the opening of the towering city wall is the Mingde Gate, which belongs to the south gate of the Imperial City, located on the north-south axis of the Imperial City and Miyagi Castle. The doorway is more than 20 meters long and about 5 meters wide, and the walls on both sides are built with green bricks. The remnants of the collapse of the city gate, which is now about 7 meters high. Outside the gate, the urn city is rectangular in shape, and the walls are made of blocks of stone. Now the city gate side compartment, the guardrail is newly built.
Imperial City Gate
"Hearing the edict in front of the Imperial Heavenly Gate, the stagecoach flew to Dadu. Kyushu four seas serve the precepts, ten thousand years of Tianzi Gu Emperor Tu". This poem is a description of miyagi gotenmon by a poet of the Yuan Dynasty. The Imperial Gate belongs to the south gate of Miyagi Castle, which is located on the north-south axis of the Imperial Castle and Miyagi Castle. The doorway is made of brick and stone masonry, and there is an urn outside the gate, which is 60 meters wide from east to west and 27 meters long from north to south, and is the place where hundreds of officials gather and listen to the orders. Archaeological findings: There are two rows of building sites on the east and west sides of the urn outside the urn, which are speculated to be the resting places of the Hundred Officials during the Dynasty or waiting for the will.
The above are all schematic diagrams
Schematic map of the ruins of the Imperial City
Palace ruins
"Da'an Imperial Pavilion, Hua Que Zhongtian Zhuang Shangjing". Da'an Pavilion in Miyagi Castle is located in the center of Miyagi Castle, with the upper floor being the ruins of the Lama Temple of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, and the lower level being the architectural base site of Da'an Pavilion. The base site is "convex" in shape, 36.5 meters long from east to west, 30 meters wide from north to south, and the outer edge at the bottom corner is surrounded by regular strip sandstone. At the southwest corner of the base site, a complete Han white jade dragon pattern pillar foundation has been excavated, which is 2.1 meters high, 0.53 meters wide and 0.52 meters thick, and is exquisitely carved with tenglong.
Ruins of Da'an Pavilion
Restoration of Da'an Pavilion
According to research, Da'an Pavilion was built in the third year of the Yuan Dynasty (1266), after Kublai Khan attacked Beijing, "took the material of the Song Xichun Pavilion from Bie, and slightly profited and lost, thinking that this cabinet was called Da'an". Da'an Pavilion is the main hall of Shangdu Miyagi Castle, where major ceremonies are held, including daily activities such as the emperor's visit to the dynasty, discussion of government affairs, Buddhist practice, and gatherings with ministers. Many major events with world or regional influence occurred here, such as: the ascension of five emperors such as Yuan Chengzong, Wuzong, Tianshun Emperor, Wenzong, and Shun Emperor after Kublai Khan, Kublai Khan received Marco Polo, and the southern Song Dynasty monarchs surrendered.
Palace ruins
Located in the middle of the north wall of Miyagi Castle at the northern end of the central axis of the Imperial City and Miyagi Castle, the Muqing pavilion building site is the largest building in Miyagi Castle. It was the Great Inner Palace where the emperor feasted, discussed and lived in the Yuan Dynasty. The existing platform base of the site is about 8 meters high, wide from east to west, long from north to south, and covers an area of nearly 10,000 square meters.
Ruins of Muqing Pavilion
Wander through the ruins of Shangdu and feel its grand atmosphere, which was once known as the "imperial metropolis" in the world, which became a ruin in the early years of the Ming Dynasty, and the majestic buildings of nearly half of the 11 emperors on the throne were finally ruthlessly sealed by the years. When he returned to the opening of the Imperial City Gate, He turned and stared at it, took a five-word poem, and bowed down to say goodbye to the heroes on horseback:
In the world of racetracks, the machete wins the longbow. Shangdu laid the foundation, and the years have been dusted.
Mr. and Mrs. Zhang took a photo
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