History has its own life, it is like a person, both easy-going and self-respecting. ——Yu Qiuyu
Bai Chongxi created the "White (Bai Chongxi) Color Terror", and his army was called the White Bandits. He was the first to slaughter the Communists, he was active in "encircling and suppressing" the Red Army; he was the vanguard in fighting the civil war. A sworn enemy of the CCP.
Bai Chongxi was the same age as Chairman Mao, born in 1893, and Bai was the second most important warlord of the New Gui clan. This man is full of warp and has a hidden chest. From a second lieutenant all the way up to the chief of the general staff of the National Revolutionary Army, a general at the army level.
Bai graduated from Guangxi Army Primary School and Baoding Military Academy Phase 3 Infantry Department. In the zuojiang river basin crackdown and the anti-smoking operation of Baise, military talent and boldness were initially displayed. In May 1923, Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, and others annexed the Revolutionary Government of Guangzhou led by Sun Yat-sen. In January 1925, led by Li and Bai, the "Dinggui Thief Army" fought a bloody and bitter battle in the east and west, and in several large-scale fierce battles such as Liuzhou, Guilin, and Jeonju, Bai Chongxi strategized and commanded well, and the reputation of "Little Zhuge Ge" has since become famous in the world. Li and Bai occupied Guangxi, and the new Gui system replaced the old Gui system.
At the beginning of 1926, the revolutionary government of Guangdong negotiated with the new Guizhou clan and the two provinces achieved reunification. After the Northern Expedition began, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Bai Chongxi as the deputy chief of staff and acted as the chief of staff of the General Headquarters. Bai Chongxi strategized and commanded the famous Tingsi Bridge Blood Battle and the Nanchang Offensive Battle, annihilating Sun Chuanfang's more than 190,000 troops in Jiangxi. The soldiers took the great Shanghai without bloodshed.
On April 12, 1927, the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup was launched by Bai Chongxi with chiang kai-shek's support. Before the massacre, Chiang Kai-shek was very hesitant to openly turn his face to the Communists. Because turning the other cheek with the Communist Party was bound to involve the Comintern and was bound to affect the soviet Russia's arms and financial support and assistance for China's Northern Expedition, Chiang Kai-shek was not able to make this determination. In the end, he "reluctantly listened to the opinion of Brother Bai (Bai Chongxi)." That is to say, Bai Chongxi vigorously advocated turning his face against the Communist Party and resolutely wanted to slaughter the Communists. He contributed the most to Chiang Kai-shek, and it was the initiator of this incident that turned into a tiger.
After Bai Chongxi was appointed commander of the "Songhu Martial Law Command," after receiving the support of the consuls of Britain, the United States, France, Japan, and Italy, he made a big fuss in Shanghai newspapers: "Down with the counter-revolutionaries who oppose the Three People's Principles!" Strengthen the real Kuomintang party power! Down with the conspirators who usurp the party and usurp power! Bring down the saboteurs who are causing chaos in the rear! Create momentum for the murderous and bloody slaughter. "White Terror" Black Cloud Presses the City.
In the early morning of the 12th, Du Yuesheng's Qinghong Gang of 15,000 fully armed, with the cooperation of the 26th Army, launched an attack on the garrison of the Pickets of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, confiscating all the workers' pickets and robbing the trade union pickets of their belongings. Bai Chongxi issued a notice in the name of the martial law commander, calling the incident a "conflict of armed workers", taking measures to "attack the enemy unprepared" and "destroy the enemy in an instant" to disarm the workers. Machine guns were fired at the ranks of workers.
On the 14th, Bai Chongxi ordered the closure of the Shanghai Special Provisional Municipal Government under the pretext that "there are communist elements mixed among the organizers of the municipal government". All revolutionary trade union organizations were shut down, workers' assemblies and strikes were counted as "counter-revolutionary", and all workers wearing the symbol of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions were arrested and convicted.
Within three days, more than 300 Communists were massacred in Shanghai, more than 1,000 were arrested, and more than 5,000 were exiled and missing. Chen Yannian and Zhao Shiyan, leaders of workers in the Shanghai district of the COMMUNIST Party of China, were killed. When the bloody rain was pouring and the communists' heads fell to the ground, Qu Qiubai described the incident as "killing people like grass without hearing a sound."
The "Bai Chongxi) terror" in Shanghai swept across the country, and anti-communist elements in Guangdong, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Sichuan also mobilized. Bai Chongxi's old lair, Guangxi, must not be left behind, and it has also hunted down Communists and revolutionaries on a large scale. Li Zongren himself said that the members of the Kuomintang's "left-leaning" provincial party committee and the Communist Party members at all levels were shot and killed, and one of his cousins, who was a Communist, also lost his head.
Moscow held a million-person march to protest, under the eye-catching "white" word, specially marked as Bai Chongxi. Bai Chongxi was very vicious against the Communists, and his army was synonymous with "white bandits" and "white army". The counter-revolutionary massacre directed by Bai Chongxi severely damaged the Chinese Revolution and declared the failure of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. The civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communists, which was incompatible with fire and water, began.
In October 1934, Bai Chongxi sat in Guilin and commanded the most elite 7th Army of the Gui clan to deploy in jeonju and Xing'an. In the bloody Battle of the Xiang River, the Gui Army, the Xiang Army, and the Jiang Yan troops joined forces to attack the Red Army, causing tens of thousands of casualties, disappearances, and heavy losses. When the Red Army set out from Jiangxi, there were more than 80,000 people, and only about 40,000 remained after forcibly crossing the Xiang River.
On July 7, 1937, the Lugou Bridge Incident promoted the national war of resistance. In the Battle of Songhu, Bai took part in the command. The "Seventh Steel Army", the bravest and most courageous warrior of the Gui clan, died tragically in the Battle of Songhu. In March 1938, Bai Chongxi assisted Li Zongren, commander of the 5th Theater of Operations, in commanding the famous Battle of Taierzhuang. After the great victory of Taierzhuang, tens of thousands of people marched in Wuhan, Chengdu, Guilin and other places, and people carried huge portraits of Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi. In July, Bai Chongxi acted as commander of Li Zongren's 5th Theater of Operations and commanded the Battle of Wuhan. During the battle, Bai Chongxi worked hard and showed the quality and spirit of a Chinese soldier who was loyal to the country. It should be said that he made a Chinese should do for the final victory of the national war of resistance.
Before the anhui incident in southern Anhui in 1941, when discussing how to "dispose" of the New Fourth Army, the Kuomintang Military and Political Department put forward two plans: Case A advocated explicitly revoking the number of the New Fourth Army; Case B advocated not abolishing the number for the time being, allowing it to cross the river to the north and deal with it again according to its dynamics. Bai Chongxi strongly advocated the use of the A case. In the massacre of the Communist Party, Bai Chongxi has always been at the vanguard.
During the Liberation War, Bai Zigong had 400,000 male soldiers in his hands, and the southwest and northwest half of the country and the mountains wanted to "fight for peace." He firmly believed that the United States would launch World War 3, and stubbornly insisted that "the communist army can cross the river politically, but the military cannot cross the river."
In early October 1949, the Battle of Hengbao began, the main 7th Army and 48th Army of the Gui clan were severely damaged, and Bai Chongxi led 300,000 defeated troops to retreat to Guangxi in a hurry, calling on the people of Guangxi to "protect the countryside and defend the country". In early December, the Gui army was shattered under the fierce attack of The Four Fields, and the Gui clan that had been in the Republic of China for more than 20 years was completely destroyed. After Bai Chongxi received the news that his sons and soldiers had been wiped out in Haikou, he shed muddy old tears. The former eight-faced and mighty "Little Zhuge Ge" was photographed on the beach.
On December 30, 1949, Bai Chongxi flew to Taipei, entered Chiang Kai-shek's cage, and could no longer break free. In his later years, Bai Chongxi was subject to Chiang Kai-shek and had no freedom.
In 1965, Li Zongren arrived in Beijing and was treated with great courtesy by the CCP. Li Zongren's return to the mainland was a fatal blow to Bai Chongxi in Taiwan. Chiang Kai-shek's use of Bai Chongxi to contain Li Zongren's value was suddenly cleared, and the old Chiang moved his anger at Bai Chongxi and ordered Sanctions against Bai. Bai Chongxi bitterly said to the people around him: "DeLin (Li Zongrenzi) surrendered bandits, I will not see people in Taiwan in the future." ”
Bai Chongxi is known as "Little Zhuge Ge", "White Fox", "Contemporary Zhang Liang" and other elegant titles, the Japanese call it "God of War", and his military talent is obvious to all. But he was politically blind. His stupidity was manifested in the fact that he had repeatedly overthrown Chiang Kai-shek and forced the old Chiang Kai-shek to go into the wilderness, and he was obviously not the same person as Chiang Kai-shek, and he obviously did not trust Chiang Kai-shek, and he also ran to Taiwan to drill into Chiang Kai-shek's cage, and finally survived.
"Bai is quite conceited, but in fact, he has no political foresight." This is Li Zongren's evaluation of it. It is said that it is too naïve to look at things, only to look at the present. Premier Zhou also said, "There is military command ability, there is no political foresight." ”
Bai Chongxi admired Zhou Enlai's grandeur, profound knowledge, and political experience. Zhou Enlai also admired Bai Chongxi's anti-Japanese main battle position and command ability, and the Communist Party used various forces to persuade Bai Chongxi to revolt. As long as he revolted, his status would not be lower than that of Fu Zuoyi of the Beiping Uprising. Fu Zuoyi also had hundreds of thousands of troops, but he knew that eggs could not touch stones. The Fu uprising was treated favorably by the Communists. However, Bai Chongxi's political vision was very short-sighted, and when he was finally trapped in Guangxi, he also deceived himself and wanted to become an independent kingdom in Guangxi, always daydreaming about dividing Guangxi, and finally could only fight chickens and eggs.
On December 1, 1966, 73-year-old Bai Chongxi spat white foam and died violently. The direction of his cemetery was towards the mainland.