After Liu Bei's death, the Shu state soon fell into a passive situation, with constant domestic turmoil, and Meng Yu was also a disaster in southern China. Fortunately, Zhuge Liang took up the heavy burden of governing the Shu state. After quelling the civil unrest and conquering Mengyu in the south, it took almost 2 years to finally eliminate the internal turmoil in the Shu state. Moreover, at this time, Zhuge Liang also combined the training of soldiers and horses, the creation of weapons, and the observation of the general trend of the world. Always ready to complete Liu Bei's unselected business that year...
In 228, Zhuge Liang began his first Northern Expedition. Until, in 234 AD, Zhuge Liang had also been insisting on the Northern Expedition, because Zhuge Liang understood that the Three Kingdoms of Wei, Shu, and Wu, only the Shu state was the least powerful. If you don't cut down other countries, you will become the first country to be destroyed! Therefore, Zhuge Liang has always adhered to the strategy of Liu Bang, the ancestor of Han Gao, the Northern Expedition!
In his lifetime, Zhuge Liang went on the Northern Expedition 5 times in succession and spent nearly 7 years. Launched
The Battle of Jieting, the Battle of Chencang, the Battle of Wuzhangyuan
So what's the effect? Except for taking back Cao Wei did not want it
Wudu, Yinping
Except for the people of the two cities and the three counties, there was basically no result. For Cao Wei, only a little military capital was consumed, but for the Shu state, in addition to consuming a lot of money, grain and grass, it also brought a lot of losses to the generals.
So, during Zhuge Liang's 7-year Northern Expedition, which of the shu generals was damaged? It was a shame to say it, there were a total of 12 generals who were damaged by Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, and if Liu Bei knew, he would be speechless! Who are they?
First place: Li Sheng
Li Shengnai was a general of the Shu state during the Three Kingdoms period, and he died in Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition. At that time, Li Sheng was arranged to go to Ma Chen's account. But what? At that time, Ma Mo did not listen to the deputy general Wang Ping
"When the road goes down to the camp, the mountains and waters are given"
strategy.
Later, the Cao Wei general Zhang Guo (張郃) besieged Ma Chen, a famous general of Cao Wei, who took the method of only defending and not attacking. First of all, the water source of the Shu Han soldiers was cut off, and then the Shu army was chaotic without a fight. Ma Mo was defeated, and at the same time, Li Sheng, a general under Ma Mo, was also punished by the Shu Han court during this battle and was beheaded.
Second place: Zhang Xiu
Zhang Xiu was a colleague of Li Sheng's and a general under the command of Ma Mo, and Zhang Xiu was not spared after the defeat of Ma Mo's army. However, Zhang Xiu did not die at the hands of the enemy, but rather at the hands of Zhuge Liang, who, in order to appease himself (sent Ma Mo to guard the street pavilion), was therefore prosecuted for the crimes of Li Sheng, Zhang Xiu, and ma Mo.
Unfortunately, the Shu Han generals Li Sheng, Zhang Xiu, and Ma Mo were executed by Zhuge Liang.
Third (name): The general of Sichuan and Shu side by side, there are seven generals in total
The third ranks were the second- and third-rate generals of Shuzhong, who were respectively
Bai Shou, Yang Qun, Ma Yu, Yan Zhi, Ding Li, Liu Guo, Deng Tong
, a total of seven people. Regarding these seven people, it can be said that they are the hope of the middle and late stages of Sichuan and Shu, but these seven people did not play their important role, and then they were damaged.
Zhuge Liang once wrote in the "Table of Later Masters":
"From the subject to Hanzhong, in the middle period, Ran Yangqun, Ma Yu, Yan Zhi, Ding Li, Bai Shou, Liu Guo, Deng Tong, etc., as well as Qu Chang and Tun Generals, more than seventy people"
This was written by Zhuge Liang to the later lord Liu Chan before he became a teacher. Zhuge Liang summed up the general situation of his previous Northern Expedition, saying that since he arrived in Hanzhong, Shuzhong had lost many soldiers, and these generals included seven people: Ma Yu, Bai Shou and others.
Zhuge Liang also mentioned a sentence about these people later,
"These are the elites of the four parties that have been entangled in decades, not the property of a single state;"
What does that mean? Quite simply, this means that these people, and many elite soldiers, are from all over the world. They are not all belonging to Jingzhou or Yizhou. Zhuge Liang said at that time that this was two-thirds of the fierce generals who died in the early Northern Expedition, and he praised in the table that he himself was not sure of winning the battle.
As for the later period, Sichuan shu has the saying that "there is no general in Shu, liao is a pioneer", and it seems that this saying is indeed true. After all, during Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, so many fierce generals were damaged. Although the above seven works were only second- and third-rate generals at that time, in time, they would also grow, but unfortunately, they did not have this opportunity!
Fourth place: Matthew
Speaking of Ma Mo may be an eternal pain in Zhuge Liang's heart.
Before dying, Liu Bei repeatedly reminded,
"Horse rumors are exaggerated! Use it with caution. ”
However, at the time of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, he actually ignored Liu Bei's instructions before his death and gave up Wei Yan, Wang Ping, Wu Yi and other famous Sichuan and Shu generals instead of using them! Instead, he promoted Ma Mo as a general to prevent Cao Wei's men and horses from capturing the Shu army's grain road street pavilion.
Zhuge Liang originally thought that Ma Mo was a thousand-mile horse, because after all, he had proposed a "strategy to attack the heart" before, and it was expected that this person also had some real skills, not to mention that this time Zhuge Liang also specially ordered to "go to the camp on the road", presumably there should be no major incidents. However, the fact made Zhuge Liang's heart ache like a cut!
Not only did Ma Mo not take his orders, but he did not even listen to the words of his deputy general Wang Ping. Shedao, shed water and camped down the mountain. In the end, he was beaten alive by the famous Cao Wei general Zhang Guo, and the Shu army was defeated.
And the main general in charge of the defense of the street kiosk, Ma Mo, naturally could not escape the disposal. For the sake of the Ming Military Law, Zhuge Liang tearfully beheaded Ma Mo. Zhuge Liang shed tears here, in fact, it is not a pity for Ma Chen's talent, but he has failed to live up to liu Bei's trust.
Ma Chenzhi's talent is acceptable for joining the army, it is difficult to stand alone, and he is definitely not the material for the war. At that time, Ma Mo followed Zhuge Liang's southern expedition and put forward the correct one
"Attack the heart"
The strategy, that is because there is Zhuge Liang sitting, Zhuge Liang is actually the biggest contributor to the Southern Expedition. However, because Ma Mo had been talking with Zhuge Liang about current affairs and strategy for many years, Zhuge Liang had already attributed the merits of the Southern Expedition to Ma Mo. But in the end, it caused the loss of the street kiosk, and it was too late to regret it...
Fifth place: Zhao Yun
Zhao Yun, the general of Changsheng, was a well-known "benevolent and benevolent general" during the Three Kingdoms period, and Zhao Yun advocated "the place of benevolent government" all his life, so he followed Liu Bei in battle despite his hard work all his life, and Zhao Yun did not seek fame and profit in his life. In Zhao Yun's lifetime, he rescued Liu Chan several times, as well as protected Liu Bei Zhouquan, saved Huang Zhong, and defeated Cao Cao, which can be said to be the natural enemy general of Cao Wei' generals.
However, Zhao Yun died in 229 AD. That is, after Zhao Yun participated in Zhuge Liang's first Northern Expedition, he died.
During the Northern Expedition, Zhao Yun served as the main general of the suspected army, and his purpose was to cooperate with Zhuge Liang's main force in attacking Qishan. At that time, Zhao Yun had less than 10,000 troops in his hands, although he encountered Cao Zhen's onslaught. However, due to Zhao Yun's bravery and good leadership, Zhao Yun's troops did not suffer many casualties, and even military resources, grain and grass were not left behind.
But the same defeat, Ma Mo was defeated very badly, and he almost died on the spot. Moreover, even the soldiers under his command were almost exhausted, and if it were not for Wang Ping acting as a prisoner of war, I am afraid that Ma Mo would not have had the opportunity to come back and accept Zhuge Liang's punishment! However, when Zhao Yun withdrew from the army in Jigu Valley, after he personally cut it off, none of Cao Zhen's generals dared to attack Zhao Yun at all, after all, seven out of seven easily picked more than 50 Cao Wei generals, and Zhao Yun's strength was not covered.
And on the other hand? Cao Zhen also immediately changed his strategy to deal with Zhuge Liang. After defeating the Han father and son and completing the suspicious military plan entrusted by Zhuge Liang, Zhao Yun finally gave up everything and went to Liu Bei for tea.
Sixth place: Guan Xing
Guan Xing was guan Yu's second son, and in his early years, he was suddenly promoted by Zhuge Liang to the rank of shizhong and lieutenant general because of his ability.
During Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition, Guan Xing was a general of Long Jun, responsible for Zhuge Liang's security, and at any time to receive all kinds of people and horses. Including: killing the Wei general Dong Xi, counting the two counties of Nan'an and Anding, Guan Xing had contributed. And later, he also helped Zhuge Liang to subdue Jiang Wei. It can be said that Guan Xing was a powerful general around Zhuge Liang in the late Shu Dynasty.
However, shortly after the Northern Expedition, Guan Xing suddenly fell ill and died. What is the reason, we do not know, in short, Guan Xing also died during Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition. After the deaths of Guan Xing, Zhao Yun, and successively, there were fewer and fewer generals who could fight for Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition.
Seventh place: Wei Yan
As Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition was coming to an end, Wei Yan was killed by an infighting with Yang Yi.
Although, Yang Yi and Wei Yan both wrote to Liu Chan, saying that the other party was plotting rebellion. However, in the end, Liu Chan believed Yang Yi, so Wei Yan's end was very tragic. After wei Yan fled to Hanzhong, he was beheaded by Ma Dai, a brother of the Ma Chao clan. In addition, Wei Yan's three clans were also destroyed by the Shu Han court!
Liu Bei discovered afterwards that something was wrong, so he ignored Zhuge Liang's arrangement that year and said that Wei Yan would rebel. Liu Chan re-examined the people related to Wei Yan, especially Yang Yi and Ma Dai. Because after Wei Yan was killed, Yang Yi's true face was gradually revealed, dissatisfied with his superiors, and often slandered others behind his back, Liu Chan never gave Yang Yi a chance again, and Yang Yi was imprisoned, and eventually Yang Yi died in prison.
And Ma Dai? Liu Chan also did not listen, and When Ma Chao was dying, he should take special care of Ma Dai. Instead, Ma Dai directly retired early and lived a hidden life. This is also the fundamental reason why Ma Dai disappeared directly from the stage of history later.
In subsequent historical records, Wei Yan was indeed wronged. He did not want to rebel against Sichuan shu at all, he was privately at odds with Yang Yi, and at that time, he did not listen to the military orders of the banshi to return to the dynasty because he wanted to solve Yang Yi outside. However, Wei Yan used the troops in his hands. In doing so, he was actually very stupid, firstly in accordance with the way of his subjects, and secondly, in violation of national laws. If Yang Yi was really guilty, that was what Liu Chan should have governed. Instead of a general, you can do it directly.
Just like Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition for a year, he originally had the upper hand on the front line, but the Later Lord asked him to immediately return to the dynasty, and Zhuge Liang could only do so! First, it is the way of being a subordinate. Second, it is also for the sake of a country's Dharma. But in Wei Yan's case, it seemed that these rules and regulations did not exist at all.
On the whole, during Zhuge Liang's 5 Northern Expeditions, a total of 13 generals, including Wei Yan, were damaged. This is really humiliating enough to say, because there is Wei Yan, a general who has been mistakenly damaged! There is also a misguided horse rumor. These two people, Wei Yan, were damaged in vain, and Ma Mo not only harmed others and himself, but also endangered the interests of the country. Misjudging Wei Yan and boldly appointing Ma Mo were the two major drawbacks of Zhuge Liang's life.
And because of the Northern Expedition to Cao Wei, 13 Shu Han talents were damaged, which was also a very humiliating thing, and there was no face at all! It is no wonder that Zhuge Liang used soldiers all his life, and his military talent was not fully recognized by the world. Fu Gan, Jia Xu, Liu Ye, and Sun Quan all evaluated Zhuge Liang
"Dazhi knows changes" and is good at governing the country
。 If Zhuge Liang is militarily
"Change"
The ability to do so is estimated that the Northern Expedition will not be so messed up.