Marching and fighting wars have always been "soldiers and horses without moving grain and grass first" since ancient times, which seems very simple from the current point of view, but for the red army at present, it is actually a very big problem, because they not only do not have the appropriations of the Republic of China government, but they are also surrounded and suppressed by Chiang Kai-shek all day long, and they have to fight wars and solve the problem of eating. Some readers will say: "Didn't the Red Army fight the local tyrants and divide up the land?" The Red Army also has a very strict control over this policy, and will not arbitrarily rely on this method to solve the problem of survival; the grain obtained by a local tycoon, even if all of it is used as military food, cannot be maintained for so many days; on the other hand, the fields are distributed to the toiling masses who have no land under the world to cultivate, and the grain is also distributed to the common people, representing the interests of the broad masses of the working people and gaining the support of the people. At the same time, it is also necessary to unite all forces that can be united, otherwise there is no way to persist until the victory of the revolution.
Therefore, solving the logistical problems of tens of thousands of Red Army is definitely a comprehensive problem, because it is not only facing clothing and eating, but also guns and ammunition, medical and health, cultural propaganda, without a competent person and an effective operating system, it is impossible to operate at all.
Zheng Yizhai, whose original name was Deng Shaowen, a native of Xuchang, Henan, joined the Communist Party of China in 1927 and worked as a secret correspondent in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In 1930, in order to carry out his work, Deng Shaowen changed his name to Zheng Yizhai and opened the Yizhai Qianzhuang in Shanghai. In 1932, Zheng Yizhai left Shanghai and was ordered to work in the Eyu-Anhui Su District.
In the Eyu-Anhui Soviet Region, Zheng Yizhai held several positions, including chairman of the Finance Committee of the Soviet Government and president of the Workers' and Peasants' Bank, director of the General Manager of the Red Fourth Front, and director of the Arsenal and the Mint. The Red Fourth Front army came to Sichuan and Shaanxi for thousands of miles, from the logistics supply of the troops to the construction of logistics infrastructure to the economic development of the whole Soviet region, all relying on his overall planning and planning, just like in the Eyu-Anhui Soviet District, Zheng Yizhai became a veritable red "big housekeeper" in the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Region.
The first thing Zheng Yizhai has to solve is the problem of eating. After the troops entered Sichuan, the daily meals of more than 10,000 people were the primary problem, and it was said that they would consume 10,000 or 20,000 kilograms of grain a day, and with the expansion of the troops, the daily food consumption continued to rise. As soon as the heads of the units met, they asked him for food. Zheng Yizhai was overwhelmed by the grain problem and went everywhere to investigate and study, looking for a way. He quickly discovered a problem:
In the past, whenever the troops laid a new ground, they always distributed the grain of the landlords and local tycoons to the poor people on the spot, and the grain they carried with them lasted for at most three or five days. The troops are very mobile in marching and fighting, and it is impossible to march and fight with grain on their backs, but they all go where they eat, which has caused great difficulties in the supply of grain in the logistics department.
After the establishment of the Soviet zone, the scope of activity of the troops was in the small area of the Soviet zone, and the activities of the troops also had certain regularities; as long as a number of grain stations were established in various localities, the problem of food supply for the troops could be effectively alleviated.
Tong, Nan, and Ba are mountainous areas, where there are few paddy fields and many dry lands, and the land is in the hands of the landlords and local tycoons, and most of the annual grain harvest is concentrated in the landlords' homes in the form of rent collection, and the poor have nothing. In order to get by, the villagers planted a little red amaranth and potatoes in the corners of the horns that could not grow grain, such as the front and back of the house, the steep slope of the rock wall, and they would not starve to death in the famine year.
At present, all the grain of the landlords and local tycoons is distributed to the local people, who also store it at home, and when the troops have no grain, they will have to buy it from their fellow villagers. Zheng Yizhai proposed to the general headquarters: When fighting local tycoons and breaking warehouses to distribute grain, only a part of the grain will be distributed to the poorest families, and most of the grain will be concentrated, and the general manager's department will set up a number of grain stations and transfer stations in the whole Soviet region, and the distance between the stations should not be too long, and at the same time, a transport force will be organized in the grass-roots Soviets to ensure that no matter where the troops concentrate on fighting, they will have food to eat.
In this way, the troops will not compete with the people for food, and at the same time, the enemy who intruded into the Soviet zone will not be able to get food and be in a difficult situation. His recommendations were quickly implemented. Under the guidance of Zheng Yizhai, the general manager department has formed a grain supply system, with main stations, sub-stations and specific supply points.
Tens of thousands of troops of the Red Fourth Front have been fighting in Sichuan and Shaanxi for more than two years, fighting almost every day, because with the grain station supply system and transport teams, the problem of food for the troops has been basically solved, and even in a major battle like the anti-"six-way siege" that lasted for ten months, the troops also maintained the basic food supply. Zheng Yizhai's grain station supply system laid a solid foundation for victory in battle and army building.
To solve the food difficulties, the roots are still in production. Years of war and chaos have led to deserted fields in many parts of northern Sichuan, and in some places, basically do not grow grain, but grow opium, when reading "White Deer Plain", there are these plots in the book.
In order to change this situation, Zheng Yizhai took the lead in mobilizing the masses and calling for "everyone to start their own work and cultivate grain in the wilderness", so every household began to plant melons and beans in front of and behind their houses, and tried their best to solve the grain shortage.
Xu Xiangqian and Chen Changhao attached great importance to Zheng Yizhai's proposal and instructed the political organs of the Red Army at all levels to assist the government in cultivating land and destroying tobacco and grain.
The Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial CPC Committee also issued relevant instructions to this end, calling on the masses in the Soviet region to "multi-grain, multi-vegetable, and feed more livestock." After a year of hard work, by 1934, grain production in the whole Soviet region had developed markedly, and the situation of difficult food supply for the troops had been alleviated.
Table salt was also once a serious problem. After the Battle of Yinan, the Red Army occupied part of the salt works, but some salt field owners deliberately destroyed the salt wells in order to prevent the salt wells from falling into the hands of the Red Army before fleeing.
As soon as Zheng Yizhai received the news, he immediately led people to the salt works, repaired the equipment, organized the resumption of production, and at the same time mobilized local party organizations to form a transport team to transport all the stored salt to the rear, which could be supplied to the army for consumption, and salt could be used as a commodity to exchange grain and cloth with the local people.
Regarding salt, there is also a story between Zheng Yizhai and Xu Xiangqian.
Zheng Yizhai and Xu Xiangqian are old comrades-in-arms, the two have a very good relationship, once, Zheng Yizhai discussed work in Xu Qianqian, and when it came to the meal, Xu Xiangqian left Zheng Yizhai to eat. The meal was very simple, just a bowl of rice, two plates of greens, and a few steamed potatoes. Zheng Yizhai ate a bite of the dish, and there was no salt taste at all. He immediately realized that the Soviet area was extremely short of salt, the red army was in a very serious shortage of salt, even the commander-in-chief's plate did not have salt, and as the general logistics director of the Red Army, Zheng Yizhai felt that he had not done a good job, and this problem must be solved.
Three days later, Zheng Yizhai sent a batch of salt from the underground traffic station in the enemy-occupied area. When Zheng Yizhai saw this bag of salt, it was like seeing gold, and he weighed it repeatedly in his hand. At the same time, a very detailed distribution plan was drawn up for this package of salt, and a small bag was left in particular, and guards were immediately sent to Xu Qianqian. After a while, the guards returned, and the bag of salt was not sent out, and brought back a letter from Xu Xiangqian to the effect that he already had brine salt and left the salt to Zheng Yizhai himself.
Looking at Xu Xiangqian's letter, Zheng Yizhai felt sad in his heart. After thinking for a while, he asked the guards to send the salt to the General Hospital of the Red Fourth Front. After learning the origin of this bag of salt, Zhou Guangtan, the president of the hospital, was very emotional, and told the story of this salt to the hospitalized wounded, and the wounded were very moved, and some of the wounded and sick who were injured or quickly recovered asked to be discharged from the hospital and returned to the army on the spot. This matter spread at once and became a beautiful talk in the Sichuan-Shaanxi-Suzhou region.
Before the Red Army entered Sichuan, the economy of northern Sichuan was withering, there was no decent industry at all, and what could barely be called industry was only the small arsenals founded by the warlords and capitalists themselves, while the civilian industries were only small workshops for making small agricultural tools, wine, fire paper, soil cloth, and oil pressing. Under the planning of Zheng Yizhai, the first military factories at all levels were founded.
Zheng Yizhai divided the military industrial enterprises into three levels of ordnance repair plants and institutes of the front army, the army, and the divisional armament repair institutes were responsible for repairing guns and machine guns and cannons with minor problems, and if the military and division repair armaments could not be repaired, they were all sent to the repair factory of the general manager of the front army for repair. Zheng Yizhai demanded that everywhere the troops went, they should find ways to find local skilled workers and invite them to arrange them in the military, divisional repair centers, and the ordnance repair factory of the general manager's department.
Since the capture of Liu Cunhou's military factory and mint in Daxian County, Zheng Yizhai was so excited that he rushed to Daxian county overnight with Zhang Qinqiu, director of the General Political Department, and personally organized the transportation of machinery and equipment and raw materials. Machines are for people to operate, with machines, more importantly, to manipulate the machine technicians, the machine can be moved, to move the technicians need to do patient work.
Together with the Party organization in Daxian County, Zheng Yizhai repeatedly publicized our Party's policies to the technicians and workers of the former Arsenal, actively mobilized employees and technicians to participate in the revolution, and made guns and ammunition for the Red Army. In the end, almost all the original military industrial personnel, including he Yangzhou, the director of the factory, entered the base area, and the military industrial contingent in the Soviet area was strengthened. Under the leadership of Zheng Yizhai, the Red Fourth Front soon established the Red Army's military factories, repair factories, textile factories, and bucket factories in Tongjiang Kucaoba and other places, and even shipyards, and the military industry in the Soviet area developed rapidly.
In January 1933, the general manager's department moved the military factory from the Eyuwan base area to Goujiawan near Tongjiang City, and the original factory had more than 100 workers, whose main job was to repair firearms and assemble ammunition, which became the basis of military production in the Soviet Union.
After the victory of the Xuanda Campaign and the capture of a large number of machinery and equipment and raw materials by the warlord Liu Cunhou, the scale of our army's military factory expanded rapidly, reaching more than 1,000 people, 138 machine tools, and the factory buildings were distributed in more than ten private houses in Goujiawan.
In March 1934, the anti-"six-way siege" tightened its positions, and the Goujiawan Arsenal was moved to Caoba Luoping, and a Red Army Luoping Military Factory was built. The factory covers an area of 240,000 square meters and has a total of 80 houses. The factory is headed by He Yangzhou, the former director of Liu Cunhou Military Factory, who is responsible for technical guidance. The whole factory is divided into weapons manufacturing plant, bullet factory, bomb factory, pharmaceutical factory and one gun room, two gun room, three gun room and other production departments.
In more than a year from the anti-"six-way siege" to the evacuation of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet region, the arsenal produced more than one million rounds of bullets, produced more than one million grenades, repaired more than two hundred machine guns and more than two hundred mortars, and effectively supported the front-line operations.
In addition, there are also various small and medium-sized ordnance manufacturing factories such as the Changchiyu Wanggong Ordnance Factory, the Bazhong Comprehensive Factory, the Ordnance Repair Factory of the General Manager of the Red Fourth Front, the Red Ninth Army Military Engineering Repair Factory, the Jiangkou Red Army Cloak Factory, the Ordnance Repair Institute, the Nanjiang County Gun Factory, the Shimiaozi Weapons Factory, the Zhengzhi Weapons Factory, the Chenjiawan Weapons Factory, the WenchangGong Iron Factory, the Pink Liang Iron Factory, and the Ledaisi Iron Factory.
It is precisely in these humble small factories that the workers and masters have built large knives, spears and other cold weapons for the Red Army soldiers day and night, basically ensuring the supply of some guns and ammunition and all cold weapons of the Red Army.
In addition to eating and weapons, dressing is the third major problem faced by the troops. At the beginning of entering Sichuan, the troops turned thousands of miles to fight, and there was no replenishment along the way, the military uniforms were in tatters, and when they entered Sichuan, it was the middle of winter, and the uniforms of tens of thousands of troops became a major problem. Zheng Yizhai believes that only relying on a quilt factory in the general manager's department, production and transportation are problems, and he split the front army quilt factory into the managers of each army and division, set up a quilt factory, organized production according to the same specifications, and all armies and divisions jointly participated in the production of military quilt clothes, which also reduced the difficulty of long-distance transportation.
After entering Sichuan and Shaanxi, the Red Army's ranks expanded rapidly, and the problem of clothing supply became sharp again, and many army and division commanders found Zheng Yizhai:
To expand the Red Army, there must be a uniform, and without uniform, people are reluctant to come. As many uniforms as you give me, I can expand as much as the Red Army can.
Xu Xiangqian and Chen Changhao also specifically asked about the supply of military quilt uniforms.
Zheng Yizhai divided the garment factory into three factories, carried out unified planning, divided the work for the three factories, made winter and summer military uniforms respectively, and vigorously guaranteed the supply of troops; in order to solve the supply of raw material cloth, he organized the purchase of native cloth at multiple points in the soviet area, and also purchased cloth through vendors in the border areas of the Soviet union.
Through hard work, the winter and summer clothes of the whole army in 1933 and 1934 were uniformly supplied.
In January 1933, the general manager's department established the Red Fourth Front Army Quilt General Factory in Nanling and Jianjiashan on the outskirts of Tongjiang County, with more than 300 men and women in the whole factory, but only two sewing machines, and most of the military uniforms were sewn by hand. In October 1933, the victory of the Xuanda Campaign was carried back to Tongjiang, and a large amount of machinery and equipment and military supplies were transported back to Tongjiang, and the Red Army was expanded to more than 300 men's factories in the General Clothing Factory, organized into a company, and the sewing machines increased to more than 80 units, and 650 sets of japanese military uniforms were produced; the women's factories were expanded into women's engineer battalions, and the battalion commander Lin Yueqin and political commissar Wang Zenan were set up under three companies, with a total of about 500 female soldiers, of which the first and second companies were stationed in Tongjiang to produce, and the three companies stationed in Bazhong's Enyang River Garment Factory produced, mainly producing military uniforms, octagonal military hats, military shoes, Hanging bags, bullet bags, leggings straps, etc. During the anti-"three-way siege" and the anti-"six-way siege", the general factory was transferred to Tongjiang Kucaoba, Dehancheng, Wamupu and other places to insist on production. In December 1934, he withdrew with the army to join the Long March.
In February 1933, the Red Fourth Front Textile Factory was built in the Tongjiang Bitter Grass Dam, with only a few looms in the early days. After the victory in the Xuanda Campaign in October 1933, all the looms captured by Liu Cunhou were replenished to the factory, adding forty-seven looms and more than 100 workers. The factory can also produce two kinds of cloth, wide and narrow, which can provide raw materials for quilt factories to make military uniforms. This is one of the reasons why when the First and Fourth Fronts met, the soldiers of the Red Fourth Front were all dressed in bright clothes.
In February 1933, the Red Fourth Front built a dyeing and finishing factory in Tongjiang Kucaoba, with more than 100 workers, the main task was to bleach and dye the coarse cloth and fine cloth purchased and produced by the textile factory, and then sent it to the garment factory for military uniforms, and some of them were sent to the Mint of the Soviet District to print cloth coins.
In July 1933, a pop-up factory was also established in Ganjiashan, Tongjiang County, with more than 300 pop-up workers, and the factory was organized into battalion-level units, with companies and platoons under it, and the cotton that popped out was mainly handed over to the quilt factory for sewing quilts and cotton clothes.
In the spring of 1933, the Bucket Factory was also established in Tongjiang Bitter Grass Dam, and in early 1934 it was moved to Tongjiang Bixi Field, merging with the Bixi Weaving Factory and the Iron Factory into a factory and forming three companies, each with more than 150 people. After more than two years of giving birth to more than 20,000 bucket hats.
In March 1933, a leather goods factory was established in Nanling outside Tongjiang City, with more than 70 workers, mainly producing bullet bags, pistol holsters, gun harnesses, horse braids, sabre sheaths, document bags, leather shoes, etc.
Under the leadership of Zheng Yizhai, the military industry in Sichuan and Shaanxi developed rapidly, ensuring the supply of military supplies for the Red Army and making great contributions to supporting the revolutionary war.
In addition to the military industry, there has also been a restorative development of the civilian industry. In 1933, the Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China called for:
"All kinds of handicraft factories should be opened everywhere, and in particular the production of goods for the daily needs of the Red Army and the masses of workers and peasants should be developed."
The General Manager Department of the Red Army and the Security Bureau, in coordination with the economic communes of various counties, have established steel plants and coal plants in Places such as the Gangxi River in Tongjiang and the Great Black Beach in Nanjiang. At that time, the largest Tongjiang Gangxihe Iron Factory had eight branches, more than 2,000 workers, and produced nearly two million catties of iron in two years. The salt works in the south, the hookah and wine in Jiangkou, the coal mines in Wangcang, the coal and iron mills in Nanjiang, Tongjiang and Wanyuan, the large and small textile factories, paper mills, wood factories, straw shoe factories, sewing cooperatives, grate factories, and weaving factories are scattered throughout the Soviet area, and there are already nearly 10,000 workers.
The Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Government clearly stipulated in the "Draft Resolution on Financial and Economic Issues": "Reward the opening of various factories and enterprises, welcome all kinds of people to invest, whether it is the Soviet zone or the white zone, all kinds of capital can be freely operated." As long as the Soviet decrees were strictly observed, shops and factories were allowed to operate freely, and they were protected, and they were used to supply the needs of the Soviet zone and to develop the production of the Soviet zone. ”
Encouraged by these policies, although the Soviet zone was in constant war, private industry and marketing industry gradually recovered and developed. In addition to industrial enterprises, transportation, postal services, and telecommunications have gradually taken off.
The area where the Red Army is located is steep and mountainous, the traffic is very closed, and the traffic between the counties, districts, and townships is only a sheep's gut trail, all relying on human shoulders for transportation. There are waterways, only a few major rivers can pass, and the largest can only pass about a ton of wooden boats, the whole river beach is full of water, very dangerous. Every year there is a dry period, and the dry period has to stop for several months.
The transportation conditions are too backward, and both the actions of the Red Army and the economic development and material exchange and transportation have brought serious inconvenience. Therefore, as soon as the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet power was established, the first major event was to mobilize the masses and cooperate with the soldiers of the Red Army to build a line of communication.
Under the unified planning, four major traffic trunk lines of Bazhong, Nanjiang, Tongjiang, Bazhong and Jiangkou Langnan were built, connecting these areas into one and playing a very important role in the circulation of material transportation inside and outside the Soviet Union.
At the beginning of 1933, the Red Army and the local Soviets successively built wooden bridges in The Town of Maoyu in Tongjiang, the Shahe River in Nanjiang, and the West Gate of BazhongCheng, and the largest bridge was a pontoon bridge of the Maoyu Red Army with a total length of more than 100 meters and a width of more than two inches. The bridge is divided into three layers, the bottom is made of bamboo bundles and wooden boats, the middle is made of wooden squares, the top is covered with wooden planks, and the fibrous vines used for binding are all boiled in lime water, which is very strong.
In December 1933, the anti-"six-way siege" began, and in order to facilitate the mobility of the troops, the joint meeting of the chairmen of the Soviet government in Pakistan made a decision: The Soviets at all levels should set up traffic stations in various major transportation routes, close to the areas along the river, immediately concentrate the shipwrights, build a large number of ships, mobilize the masses to build more bridges in various places, and renovate some roads.
The Soviets of Bazhong, Changchi, Hongjiang, Jiangkou, and other counties organized the masses to build a number of roads leading to districts and townships, such as the main road mountain road from Qingjiang crossing to Tongjiang and Tongjiang Yanxichang to Fuyang Dam, the Hengshan Road from Tongjiang Shaxizui to Kucao Dam, and the Hengshan Road from Nanjiang Bamiaoyao to Dahekou to Fuyang Dam.
The most famous of these is the "Hanzhong Road" from Tongjiang to Jiangkou, and some sections of the road are paved with stone slabs to become stone roads. The Red Army also carved a slogan on the stone in the Nanjiang Arctic Township:
"Since ancient times, the rugged road has been repaired on the sunny slope."
Through the joint efforts of the Red Army and the masses, the four major communication routes of Sichuan and Shaanxi centered on Bazhong and Tongjiang were formed in the Soviet region, that is, from Bazhong to Nanjiang, Bazhong to Guangyuan, Wanyuan, Xuanhan, and Daxian, Tongjiang to Bazhong and Jiangkou, and Tongjiang to Yingshan and Quxian Counties.
At that time, the operations of the Red Army were basically carried out in the territory of the Soviet Zone, and the grain, ammunition, supplies, and transportation of the wounded had to be solved within the Soviet Zone, so the Sichuan-Shaanxi Province and the soviets of the counties and townships organized a huge transport contingent of more than 100,000 people, almost the same size as the combat troops, and the transport teams were organized into squads, platoons, companies, or squads, squadrons, and brigades according to the army formation, with ten people as squads, thirty people as squadrons, and one hundred and twenty people as brigades. Since all the men went to the Red Army, women and the older ones became the main force of the transport, the teenage children also participated in the transport, and the landlords and kulaks under the supervision of the government and the people also participated in the transport.
In order to solve the problem of food and accommodation faced by the transport team on the long journey, the county Soviets along the main lines of communication, every few tens of miles set up traffic stations and receptions, a bit like today's military stations, in order to solve the problem of food and accommodation for the transport personnel, the first one is free. From Tongjiang to Bazhong is almost 170 miles, with seven transportation stations and reception offices along the way. There are also seven transportation stations and reception offices from Changchi to Nanjiang.
The number of convoys passing by was so large that the kitchen fire in the reception could not be stopped. Zhou Lamei of Nanjiang, when she was a child, followed her mother to help cook at the reception, she recalled: At that time, the kitchen was full of boiling water mats, there were people coming and going every day, people had to eat when they came, and when they finished eating, they continued to rush, when the flow of people was the highest, the rice to be cooked a day was almost a thousand pounds of rice, and there were also more than a hundred beds in the reception office set up by our army, mainly for the troops and Soviet personnel to stay when they passed, and often there were people knocking on the door at three o'clock in the middle of the night to stay.
Postal and telecommunications are the characteristics of modern society, and the Sichuan-Shaanxi Provincial Soviet Communication Committee has set up a red post office and a telegraph office, and districts and townships have set up agency offices, which are responsible for the transmission of organ newspapers, troops and civilian mail, telegrams, newspapers and periodicals at all levels. The county post office generally has a director and a clerk, and about 13 messengers and traffic officers.
He Chaokai, commander of the communications platoon, recalled that the messengers must do the following: Urgent mail must be delivered with the word "fire and rapid" without delay at all; if the paper envelope has the words "fire and fire" written on it, it must be delivered immediately even in the middle of the night; wherever the troops hit, postal and communication personnel must post slogans and leaflets; both postal officers and combatants, when delivering letters, carry a rifle, a saber, and several grenades, ready to participate in the battle at any time; strict secrecy, including their own relatives, are not allowed to read letters, and carry matches on their bodies at any time. Documents are destroyed as soon as the enemy is outnumbered.
Economic construction is an important discipline with its own internal laws, and very few people in the Red Army understood it under the conditions and circumstances of the time. When Zheng Yizhai was doing underground work in Shanghai, he engaged in financial work, and when he arrived at the Eyu-Anhui base area, he also engaged in financial and financial work, and was a rare economic expert in the Red Army. Zheng Yizhai has his own unique views on the economic construction of the Soviet union, stressing that economic construction must meet the needs of revolutionary war, and economic sources must be sought from construction.
He only paid attention to criticizing the confiscation of the property of the landlords and capitalists in certain economic sectors, asking them to pay attention to economic construction and enhance their hematopoietic capacity. In order to educate cadres to pay attention to this problem, Zheng Yizhai has published many articles in newspapers and periodicals, which can not only point out the problems existing in the financial work of the Soviet Union, but also propose corresponding solutions.
After the establishment of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Government, Zheng Yizhai immediately undertook the heavy responsibility of forming the financial undertakings of the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet District. Zheng Yizhai concurrently served as the president of the Workers' and Peasants' Bank of the Soviet District in Eyuwan, and the Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Workers' and Peasants' Bank undertook the establishment of the Eyu-Anhui Workers' and Peasants' Bank, and he still served as the president; the Workers' and Peasants' Bank had branches in all the counties of the Soviet Union, implemented a unified currency system, circulated the finance of the Soviet Union, and implemented low-interest and interest-free loans to the workers and peasants to help the development of cooperatives.
In just over two years, the financial system of the Soviet zone played an important role in consolidating and developing Soviet power, breaking the enemy's economic blockade, promoting the construction of base areas, ensuring the supply of military supplies for the Red Army, supporting the revolutionary war, and stabilizing the people's livelihood. Zheng Yizhai is also known as a "red financial expert".
In October 1936, the headquarters of the Red Fourth Front led the Fifth Army, the Ninth Army, and the 30th Army to cross the Yellow River to form the West Route Army at the behest of the Party Central Committee, and began an extremely arduous western expedition, with Zheng Yizhai as the general manager and director of the West Road Army. Outnumbered and ordered to change, the Western Route Army suffered heavy losses.
On March 13, 1937, the Military and Political Committee was held at the headquarters of the Western Route Army, and Zheng Yizhai sent travel expenses to the leading comrades who were about to return to Yan'an. Surrounded by enemies on the road. Zheng Yizhai commanded the soldiers to calmly fight, in order to cover the soldiers to open the qing to the gold to break through, Zheng Yizhai was shot several times, and the guards and soldiers all died heroically. At that time, Zheng Yizhai was not yet thirty-six years old. The Republic has also lost a rare high-level talent in economics.