For medical professionals only
What do you think?
Now the competition in the marriage and love market is called a fierce, look at the appearance, look at the figure, look at the academic qualifications, look at the work, which we also feel reasonable, you say that you really want to see the eight characters, constellations, five elements, what if you are a contemporary superstition. But there are still people who want to see the blood type???
From Zhihu
Now my parents are so strong??? Even such a professional thing as hemolysis is so clear? Girls with type O blood can only find boys with type O blood?
In fact, mothers with type O blood have a high risk of giving birth to children, and the baby is easy to dissolve blood, and it has indeed been debated continuously. Is it really as dangerous as some people say? After all, when the big star Hou Patzen gave birth to her second child, she had an early caesarean section because of hemolytic disease, and the baby was hospitalized.
From Weibo
To put it simply, mothers with type O blood and non-fathers with type O blood do not necessarily have children who are hemolytic!!! Hemolysis may occur only if the child is born with blood type A or B.
But! Only about 15% of mothers and babies will have ABO blood group incompatibility, of which only 4% have hemolytic disease, and the situation is generally mild, as long as it is treated in time, most of them can go home healthy and healthy. SO！ You don't have to discriminate against our little sister with blood type O.
However, even if the editor says so, you may still question me. Let's go into more detail.
1
What is hemolysis?
In fact, the human blood group system is classified according to the isotype (or phenotype) antigen relationship on the red blood cell membrane, there are currently 26 classification methods, in addition to the familiar ABO blood group system, there are Rh blood group system, MN blood group system and so on.
▌ Let's talk about ABO hemolysis first
For mothers with type O blood and non-O blood fathers, babies born may be O, A, B blood, which is a random event for individuals. If your baby has blood type O, ABO hemolysis will not occur. If the baby is A/B blood type, pregnancy will stimulate the mother to produce anti-A / B, these antibodies through the placenta into the fetus, and the baby's red blood cells on the A / B antigen binding, resulting in the destruction of red blood cells, it may cause fetal hemolysis, but often the symptoms are relatively mild.
▌ Let's talk about Rh hemolysis
Rh negative blood, which is what everyone calls "panda blood". If the rh-negative mother gives birth to a Rh-positive baby, when pregnant, it will stimulate the mother to produce Rh antibodies, and the antibodies through the placenta may cause fetal sensitization to lead to hemolysis, and the clinical manifestations are heavier and more dangerous. This hemolysis generally occurs in mothers who have given birth to a second child or have had Rh-positive blood transfusion, and women who have had previous abortions are also at risk
That is to say, in fact, rh type hemolysis is more serious than the clinical manifestations of ABO type hemolysis, which is what we should really pay attention to. The mother of "Panda Blood" is not easy!
2
What are the consequences of hemolytic disease?
The most common neonatal hemolytic disease is to cause pathological jaundice, which often occurs within 24 hours of birth, and can cause anemia, hepatosplenomegaly, kernicterus, fetal edema, bilirubin encephalopathy, and a very small number of more serious cases can lead to the death of the baby. However, serious cases are still relatively rare, and most babies with hemolytic disease basically only show pathological jaundice.
3
What should I do if neonatal hemolytic disease occurs?
There are generally 3 treatments.
1, light therapy: the simplest, but also the most used method, suitable for most of the milder symptoms of the baby.
2. Drug therapy: there are liver enzyme inducers, albumin supplementation, immunoglobulins, and intestinal probiotics, which are only used as adjunctive therapy.
3. Blood exchange therapy: replace free antibodies, sensitizing red blood cells and bilirubin in bleeding to prevent bilirubin encephalopathy and correct anemia, and be used for children with ineffective light therapy or severe symptoms.
4
Does Mom's Blood Type O Need Early Prevention?
Nope! Because the probability of hemolytic disease itself is not high, and most of the ABO hemolytic diseases have a mild incidence, it is not recommended to do relevant tests before pregnancy to increase anxiety, after all, it is a low probability, low risk event.
5
Does Mom Rh-Negative Blood Need Early Prevention?
need! Rh-negative mothers who have miscarried or given birth to a rh-positive first child recommend injecting the corresponding anti-Rh immunoglobulin as early as possible to neutralize the Rh antigen entering the maternal blood. If the fetus is abnormal during pregnancy, early delivery can be considered when the fetal lungs are mature, and when the fetal lungs are immature, intrauterine blood transfusions can be taken to improve the anemia of the fetus.
Finally, the main points are drawn:
1, even if the blood type of the mother and the baby is not the same, it does not mean that it will necessarily be hemolytic, but a small probability event!
2. Even if hemolysis occurs, it is not necessary to suffer from hemolytic disease!
3, even if hemolytic disease occurs, most of them are mild!
4, even if it is a heavier Rh hemolysis, we have a corresponding way to deal with it!
Source of this article: Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital affiliated to Fudan University
This article is written by Li Miaoran and Zhang Chengqiang
Editor-in-Charge: CiCi