On the stage of this year's CCTV Spring Festival Gala, the National Style Dance "Only This Green" that was painted at a glance was beautiful to a new height. The dancers used the difficult action "green waist" to interpret the layers of mountains and mountains, and performed "A Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains", which made countless audiences have a beautiful imagination of the Song Dynasty, which was simple and elegant and had a colorful life. There is a large Song Dynasty village site in Xiamen, which can travel through time and space to look back at the Xiamen style of the Song Dynasty. During the Spring Festival, the City Museum launched 16 episodes of "Xiamen Treasure" on mobile TV, including stories about the site.
The site was cleaned up
Zengshan Song Dynasty residential site wells were cleaned
Diamond lattice paving
For the largest archaeological excavation in Xiamen, recreate the style of the Great House in southern Fujian
During the Spring Festival, when taking the bus, subway or BRT, the public can see the 16 episodes of "Xiamen Treasure" launched by the Municipal Museum, one of which tells the story of the Zengshan ruins.
The site is located in Shanting Village, Maxiang Town, Xiang'an District, and has undergone two rescue archaeological excavations by the Xiamen Museum since 2008. According to reports, this is the largest archaeological excavation in the history of Xiamen, and it is also an important archaeological discovery of ancient village ruins along the fujian coast. At the scene, 10 Song Dynasty house foundation sites, two wells and 5 ash pits were found and cleaned, and more than 1,000 specimens of various cultural relics were collected. These relics and cultural relics prove that this place was once a complete village inhabited by the Minnan people of the Song Dynasty.
Judging from the archaeological situation of the site, the People of Xiamen had already lived in the red brick house with four rooms and one hall in the Song Dynasty. The hall is centered, and there are two symmetrical rooms on each side, commonly known as the "four-room viewing hall" Minnan Dacuo. The vestibule is used for family gatherings and ancestor worship, where offerings such as incense burners and candlesticks have been found. Houxuan is a special storage room, where neatly stacked red tiles have been found, which are used as spare materials for repairing the roof. This kind of hall layout is basically the same as today's traditional red brick houses in southern Fujian.
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The decoration of the house of the ruins is very exquisite, and the living room floor is laid with red square bricks specially burned, commonly known as "shaku two bricks" in Minnan language, using the diamond grid paving method used in the ancient houses of Minnan to this day. In the corridor in front of the hall, a large square brick with exquisite lotus pattern was found, reflecting the characteristics of the key decorative building façade of the ancient house in southern Fujian.
In addition, some buildings have kitchens, many large cylinders, pots and other porcelain, and some are equipped with living facilities such as wells and pond drainage pipe network systems. All this shows that the planning and design of the village at that time was quite scientific and reasonable, and people also had a high aesthetic concept.
Among the wells found in the site, there is a brick deep-water well, the bottom of the well is at least 8 meters deep from the current surface, and the entire well wall is made of red bricks layer by layer, leaving a large number of gaps, which can not only play a role in reinforcement and support, but also facilitate the infiltration of groundwater into the well. The wells are all water ripple bricks, which are obviously specially fired, which shows that the well drilling technology of the Xiamen people in the Song Dynasty has been very skilled. Water extraction vessels such as porcelain pots and porcelain pots were also found at the bottom of the well, indicating that it was a drinking water well.
From the geographical location of the Zengshan site, we can see the ingenuity of the Xiamen people in the Song Dynasty. The village is located on the southern slope of Zengshan Mountain, back to the mountain, facing the sea, facing the sun, both easy to cultivate and nearby fishing, flood prevention in the rainy season, cold in winter, very suitable for living and living. The triangular iron plough excavated from the site and the pottery net pendant used to cast nets for fishing reflect the development of agriculture and fishing at that time. On the other hand, it also shows that Xiamen at that time was already an important economic town in southern Fujian, laying a solid foundation for the further development of the ming and qing dynasties and modern times into a central city and a modern port city on the southeast coast of the mainland.
(Text/Xiamen Evening News reporter Gong Xiaoguan correspondent Song Ye photo/Zheng Dong)