This is the 3640th article of Da Yi Xiao Nursing
Hematuria is a common clinical symptom, when hematuria appears, people on the one hand will worry about their physical condition, while lacking some understanding of hematuria, so about hematuria, are you afraid?
1. What should we do when we encounter hematuria
Hematuria has microscopic hematuria and gross hematuria, as the name suggests, microscopic hematuria is the hematuria that can only be found under the microscope, and hematuria is hematuria that can be seen with the naked eye. No matter what type of hematuria, it can illustrate a problem: that is, some organs of the body's urinary system have diseases. Then some people may ask: how much harm does hematuria do to the body? Whether it is necessary to take hemostatic drugs. The effect of hematuria on the human body depends first on the cause of hematuria; second, on the amount of bleeding. When the amount of bleeding is large, if left untreated, anemia may occur, and in severe cases, symptoms of shock may occur. When the amount of bleeding is small, most of them do not cause discomfort in the body, and there is no need to take hemostatic drugs in particular, etc. At this time, the doctor's focus is to find the cause of the patient's hematuria.
2. Must hematuria be caused by tumors?
Regarding the causes of hematuria, the most common causes of hematuria among patients aged 20-80 years are stones (33%), infection (22%), prostatic hyperplasia (16%), and urinary tumors rank fourth (15%). Among patients over 80 years of age, the tumor is second only to prostatic hyperplasia, ranking second. This shows that from a statistical point of view, when hematuria occurs, the first thing to consider is the stone. General stone-induced hematuria, often accompanied by low back pain, lower abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, etc., some may also be accompanied by frequent urination, urgency, pain in urine, combined infection, may also be accompanied by chills, fever; and tumor-caused hematuria, early symptoms are often hidden, because the tumor is the most harmful to the human body, we need early detection, early treatment, to accurately determine the cause of hematuria, clinical to carry out some systematic examination, the main purpose is to exclude the possibility of tumors.
3. What tests should be done for hematuria?
At present, we have many examination methods, including B ultrasound, CT, MRI, intravenous pyelography, exfoliation cytology and fluorescence. Invasive tests include cystoscopy of the urethra and ureteroscopy. The relationship between the checks is complementary. For example, a hematuria patient, do CT or B ultrasound first to determine whether there are stones, urinary morphological lesions, and tumors that have been formed; but if the examination result is negative, the doctor will consider according to the patient's clinical manifestations, whether further invasive laparoscopy is required, this examination can be more intuitive from the level of histology to make a judgment on hematuria, through this examination method, we can find relatively early tumor lesions.
Hematuria is a signal of disease in the body, and it is necessary to find out the cause of the disease in order to treat the symptoms.
Author: Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center
Urology Ma Jun