Society is developing, the times are progressing, new things are emerging in an endless stream, and old things are withdrawing, but there are some old things that we cannot do without, especially for the Du Fu Caotang Museum. The museum is very special, it is inseparable from a special kind of work, but unfortunately now this kind of work has no successor, so that experts are very worried... What's going on here? If you are also curious, the following Xiaobian will reveal the secret to you.
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The Du Fu Caotang Museum, located in Chengdu, Sichuan, is a residence of the great Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu, and was approved to establish the museum in 1952. According to historical records, in the second year of the Qianyuan Dynasty of the Tang Dynasty (759 AD), that is, the fourth year of the "Anshi Rebellion", Du Fu escaped the war and entered Shudi from Longxi with his family, and later built a hut on the bank of Huanhua Creek, which is now Du Fu Caotang. Du Fu lived in the caotang for four years, during which time he also left a large number of popular poems, such as "Ande Guangsha ten million rooms, shelter the world and the cold people are happy" ("The hut is broken by the autumn wind"), "Good rain knows the season, when spring is happening" ("Spring Night Happy Rain"), "Two yellow orioles singing green willows, a line of egrets on the blue sky" ("Absolute Sentence"), and so on. Later, Du Fu left Chengdu, the grass hall was also destroyed due to war, until the Song Dynasty was built by the local government, and began to commemorate Du Fu, in the following hundreds of years Du Fu caotang has also been abandoned and built, now we see That Du Fu Caotang was rebuilt during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, covering an area of about 300 acres, and has also become a business card of Chengdu.
Since the establishment of the Du Fu Caotang Museum, countless people have followed the footsteps of the "poetry saint" to visit Du Fu in the caotang. It is worth mentioning that the Du Fu Caotang Museum contains three memorial halls, the Daxiao, the Poetry History Hall and the Gongbu Ancestral Hall, and also collects a large number of precious cultural relics, such as various written historical materials and books, as well as materials about Du Fu's life. However, the Du Fu Caotang Museum and most of the museums we see are different, it has no reinforced concrete and red wall tiles, it is completely restored according to the original situation of the caotang, and the materials used are only wood and thatch, just like the thatched houses where people in the countryside lived in the past. Therefore, the Du Fu Caotang Museum is also unique and eye-catching, but many troubles also make experts feel haggard.
Because the Du Fu Caotang Museum is a thatched house, some of the thatched houses have common diseases, such as the thatch on the roof will rot after a long time, resulting in rain leakage and water leakage, and many exhibition halls are paper cultural relics, once the moisture is destroyed, it is irreversible. Usually, the roof of the thatched house can be used for more than ten years, but due to the rainy weather in Chengdu, the thatched roof will be replaced in 5-6 years, and the average person can't get this word, and must find a thatched smith.
The so-called "thatched craftsman", as the name suggests, is a craftsman who deals with thatch, in the old society in the past, thatched smiths were very "popular" craftsmanship, and every household building earthen houses was indispensable to thatched craftsmen. Usually, the materials for building earthen houses are reeds, wheat straw, hemp poles and wild thatch, but the price of reeds is more expensive, and there are not many people who use them, so wheat straw and wild thatch are used more. In fact, the thatched craftsman's work looks simple, but in fact, there is no way, although the average person can barely build a thatched roof, but in a few days it will leak rain, a strong wind blows the thatch on the roof will fly, and the thatched hut built by the professional thatched craftsman not only does not leak rain, or even impermeable, the windy day is also more stable as a rock, if the man does not destroy at least five or six years.
In the old society, thatched craftsmen were inherited from the master-apprentice system, and generally outsiders did not teach them, so the thatched craftsmen's skills were valuable. After the reform and opening up, people's living conditions became as fast as possible, and the earthen houses became brick houses, so the thatched craftsmanship was rarely useful, so many thatched craftsmen also switched to other businesses, so that there are fewer and fewer thatched craftsmen now. For example, the last time Du Fu Caotang repaired the thatched roof, the experts found two thatched smiths, and they are not young, one is 75 years old, one is 68 years old, and they all lament that they can't find apprentices now, many young people are not willing to do this work, I'm afraid that in a few years the older generation will not be able to do it, and the thatchers will disappear.
It is worth mentioning that although thatched craftsmen are on the verge of extinction in China, they have developed well abroad. For example, in many villages in the United Kingdom, they are still willing to live in thatched huts and feel the most natural life, so their thatched craftsmen there are good skills and high incomes; and our neighbors Japan and South Korea also attach great importance to thatched houses, and they have restored a lot of past buildings, which is also worth learning.
Although thatcheds are "old things", they should not be eliminated, and there are still many uses, but we have not paid attention to and discovered its value. Xiaobian also hopes that in the near future, we can re-understand the thatched crooks, and also let their skills be passed on forever, and this can also be regarded as a promotion of culture.
Resources:
"Du Fu Caotang" by Gong Weijian, Publisher: China Tourism
Wenlan Hairun Studio Editor-in-Chief Wen Xiucai, this article is written: Special History Writer: Liu Lijiang