Basket shared the wind direction changes in the proposals of the two sessions | autonomous driving

Since it was first written into the proposal of the two sessions in 2016, automatic driving has been the focus of heated discussions at the two sessions of the country. As of the closing of the Fifth Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference today, the deputies of the two sessions have made more than 40 proposals on automatic driving, involving hot topics such as automatic driving legislation, commercialization, data security, and industrial chain construction. Compared with the proposals of the previous two sessions, the proposals on automatic driving at the two sessions of the National People's Congress in 2022 are more specific, reflecting that the mainland intelligent automobile industry is moving from extensive development to a new stage of refined management.

01

The call for improving the regulations is the highest, and the suggestions are more detailed

As an emerging industry, the primary problem facing the development of autonomous driving is the lack of laws and regulations. In 2016, it proposed to accelerate the legislation of automatic driving and improve relevant policies. Since then, improving the laws and regulations on automatic driving has become a hot topic at the two sessions of the National People's Congress every year.

During the two sessions of the National People's Congress in 2022, many deputies and members proposed to amend the Road Traffic Law. Deputies and members have suggested that in the "Road Traffic Safety Law", the legal status of the automatic driving system should be clarified, and the standard rules and disposal mechanisms for the division of responsibilities between human drivers and the "automatic driving system" (car companies, parts suppliers, etc.) should be formulated; it is suggested that a grade evaluation and certification system and access mechanism for the "automatic driving system" be established in the "Measures for the Administration of Road Motor Vehicle Manufacturers and Product Access". It is hoped that by accelerating the revision and promulgation and implementation of the Road Traffic Safety Law, the legal foundation will be laid for accelerating the large-scale commercial and unmanned use of autonomous vehicles from the national level. Not only that, but also the relevant provisions of the Road Traffic Safety Law should be revised to add and clarify the definition of "machine driver"; add the mandatory provision that "intelligent driving cars should install a black box for key data storage or cloud backup of key data"; add the relevant legal provisions on determining traffic accidents when intelligent driving cars controlled by the system, and make it clear that the responsibility of intelligent systems is borne by the producer; and add the relevant legal provisions of "including intelligent driving car product liability insurance in the scope of compulsory insurance and dispersing the risks of relevant responsible entities".

At present, the Road Traffic Safety Law and related regulations only allow qualified drivers to drive motor vehicles on the road, and the automatic driving system does not have the legal status of driving a motor vehicle. However, in order to meet the requirements of the development of new technologies, the revision of the Road Traffic Safety Law is already underway. In April 2021, the Ministry of Public Security drafted the Road Traffic Safety Law (Revised Proposal), which for the first time clarified the legality of self-driving cars on the road. In the future, with the passage of the revision of the regulation, it will further promote the legalization of automatic driving and fill the legal gap in the autonomous driving industry.

02

The commercialization of autonomous driving is still a high-frequency word

In 2021, the commercialization of autonomous driving in mainland China will make breakthrough progress. On the one hand, the national and local governments have intensively issued a series of innovation support policies to promote autonomous driving from test demonstration to a new stage of commercial pilot exploration. For example, the Beijing Economic Development Zone opened the country's first pilot project for the commercialization of autonomous driving services; Shenzhen tried to explore local legislation in the fields of intelligent networked vehicle access management and accident liability identification; and Guangzhou launched a pilot project of mixed travel of intelligent connected vehicles and human-driven vehicles. On the other hand, leading companies have also begun to gradually promote "de-security officer" testing and operations in specific areas. For example, Baidu and Xiaoma Zhixing opened the Robotaxi unmanned test of "no safety officer in the main driving position" in the Beijing Economic Development Zone; Sinian Intelligent Driving and Mainline Technology realized the normal operation of unmanned collection card "de-safety officer" in the port; and Yishi Technology enabled unmanned logistics vehicles at Hong Kong International Airport and SAIC-GM-Wuling Factory.

During the two sessions of the National People's Congress in 2022, accelerating the commercialization of autonomous driving has become a high-frequency word for proposals and suggestions, and many representatives and members have submitted relevant proposals or suggestions from the aspects of policies and regulations, road tests, and scene applications.

Following the proposal of the two sessions in 2021 to open up a legal path for large-scale commercial use of autonomous driving, in the proposal of the two sessions in 2022, the focus was once again on the commercialization of automatic driving, and the representative suggested guiding and supporting local governments to introduce policies, clearly supporting unmanned vehicles without safety personnel on the road, and creating a pilot area for the manned operation policy of fully unmanned autonomous vehicles. It is hoped that the state will vigorously develop new public transportation models, introduce relevant policy support, integrate S-PRT driverless minibuses with trams, as an effective supplement to the current traffic mode, and promote seamless mobile services such as unmanned micro-buses, unmanned express delivery distribution, unmanned cleaning and killing services, and unmanned security patrols in new urban areas, so as to achieve an efficient urban intelligent transportation system. In addition, the NPC deputies also suggested that we should speed up the formulation and revision of relevant laws and regulations; expand the scope of road testing, coordinate to promote technological innovation and landing; gradually open up the separate legislative power for automatic driving in some representative areas, improve the policies and regulations related to insurance and accident compensation for autonomous vehicles as soon as possible, and remove the unfavorable factors restricting the development and marketization of autonomous driving technology.

In 2022, automatic driving has entered a critical period of landing, and the development trend of scale and unmannedness has become more and more obvious. Next, with the gradual improvement of laws and regulations, the continuous iteration of enterprise technology, and the maturity of the industrial ecology, the commercialization of autonomous driving may be further accelerated.

03

Plug security holes and focus on the "stuck neck" problem

In the past two years, multiple factors such as the new crown pneumonia epidemic and geopolitical frictions have had a significant impact on the safety of the automotive industry chain. Strengthening core technology research, ensuring network data security, and solving the "card neck" problems such as operating systems and chips have gradually become the consensus of the industry, and are also the focus of attention of the deputies and members of the two sessions of the National People's Congress in 2022.

At the two sessions, the delegates suggested that the requirements for automotive data security and privacy protection should be reasonably formulated, and a trusted automotive data circulation channel should be established to further promote the development of intelligent and connected vehicles while meeting data security requirements. It is hoped to establish a "digital space crash test" mechanism and related standards for intelligent and connected vehicles to ensure the safety of automobiles leaving the factory and continuous detection; standardize the reporting behavior of automobile safety vulnerabilities, and not maliciously hype and illegal disclosure; create an intelligent networked automotive industry situational awareness system with the safety brain as the core, and establish a long-term mechanism for automobile safety supervision. At the same time, it is proposed to put forward specific suggestions from the aspects of establishing an access system, strengthening data privacy protection, formulating a process review system, and severely punishing violations of laws and regulations.

In addition, in view of the "card neck" problems such as chips and operating systems, it is necessary to further increase the support for core technology research, encourage and guide enterprises to independently control the core software and hardware research and development capabilities such as operating systems and wire control chassis through special fund support, accelerate the formation of industry standards, and realize the scale of autonomous driving product technology as soon as possible. Comprehensively sort out the supply and demand of chips in key areas, guide foreign auto chip companies to invest in China, establish an emergency reserve mechanism for chips and important raw materials; regulate the disorderly rise in raw material prices, strengthen law enforcement supervision; accelerate the overall industrial chain layout of automotive chips, break through key technologies in the field of card neck; increase support and talent introduction, and the government, research and development institutions and enterprises work together to promote industrial development. In the short term, we will give priority to solving the problem of "lack of core"; improve the industrial layout in the medium term to achieve independent control; and build a long-term mechanism for the introduction and training of industrial talents to achieve sustainable development.

In addition, the deputies suggested that the competent department of automotive chips should be set up from the level of national ministries and commissions to formulate top-level design and supporting measures for the development of the automotive chip industry; encourage vehicle enterprises and chip companies to work together across borders and jointly innovate, and actively promote R&D innovation, industrialization innovation, management innovation, etc.; the government should introduce policies such as R&D subsidies, tax reductions, and financial discounts to accelerate the realization of "chip on the car"; accelerate the formulation of software operating system related standards that meet the definition of Chinese scenarios; strengthen key technologies such as operating system kernels. Improve independent research and development capabilities; incorporate the operating system into national projects, guide the industry and universities to overcome key technical difficulties in production, education and research; create an operating system ecosystem and cultivate relevant talents for operating system software.

The two sessions of the National People's Congress are an important platform for observing the general trend, responding to changes, and observing the future, and the topics of the previous two sessions will have a major impact on various fields. For the autonomous driving industry, which is in a stage of rapid development, the suggestions and suggestions of the representatives and members to directly hit the "pain points" will help solve the outstanding contradictions and problems in the development of the industry, and then promote the intelligent transformation of the automobile industry to achieve new breakthroughs

Reproduced from the Beijing Advanced Automatic Driving Demonstration Zone, the views in the article are only for sharing and exchange, and do not represent the position of this number, such as copyright and other issues, please inform, we will deal with it in a timely manner.