Recently, the "Sheng Shi Fanghua - Exhibition of Cultural Relics Donated by Shanghai Museum" was exhibited at the Shanghai Museum. Among the exhibits in this special exhibition are several calligraphy and painting works donated by the former Shanghai Municipal Commission of Cultural Relics Management Committee, the chinese scholars and the family of the poet Mao Guangsheng in 1961, including the "Seven Words and Poetry Axis of the Book of MaoXiang Xing" and the anononym "Portrait Scroll of MaoXiang", which are precious images of Mao Xiang, one of the "Four Princes of the Late Ming Dynasty". Mao Xiang prides himself on being "Yu Zhi's good stone like wine", and "Portrait Scroll of Mao Xiang" also reflects his image of stone idiot very well.
On March 10, the Shanghai Museum launched the "Shengshi Fanghua - Shanghai Museum Donated Cultural Relics Exhibition", which brings together 195 donated cultural relics, covering calligraphy and painting, bronze, jade, seals, bamboo carvings, sculptures, ceramics, coins and other categories. This is the third exhibition of donated cultural relics launched by the Shanghai Museum after the 70th Anniversary celebration of "Peak Prosperity and Thousand Autumns" and "Gaoshan Mountain Tour". Because of the prevention and control of the epidemic, the museum was temporarily closed at 15:00 on the day of the launch, and many people have not had the opportunity to see it. The author was also fortunate to make an appointment to enter the museum at noon on the same day and became one of the lucky audiences.
The scene of "Sheng Shi Fanghua - Shanghai Museum Donated Cultural Relics Exhibition"
At the exhibition site, "The Scroll of Seven Words and Poems of the Book of Maoxiang Xing" and the anonymity "Portrait Scroll of Maoxiang"
In this special exhibition, several calligraphy and painting works donated by the former Shanghai Municipal Commission of Cultural Relics Management Committee, the guoxue masters and the family of the poet Mao Guangsheng in 1961 are exhibited, including "The Scroll of Seven Words and Poems of the Book of Maoxiang Xingshu" and the anon. Among them, "Portrait Scroll" has been seen many times on the Internet, but most of them are vague, and this time I also saw the whole picture for the first time.
Anon. "Portrait Scroll of Maoxiang"
The Portrait Axis (82.0 cm in length and 44.0 cm in width) is a realistic portrait painting with a very simple picture. The protagonist sitting on the circle chair looks pleasant, looking into the distance, the scarf and crown are decorated in the style of the Ming Dynasty, the lines are flowing, and the image is vivid, reflecting the painter's extraordinary realistic skills. The table next to the seat is a pan vine pattern table, and on the table is placed a mountain-like offering stone, the shape of the mountain is undulating, and the valley waterfall is interspersed with it, which is very imposing. The stone base is placed in shape, the lines are concise, and there are several ruyi dwarf feet in the part. This square offering stone, from its form, quality color, texture, looks like Lingbi, Yingshi, more like Lingbi stone. This style of stone base appears many times in lin Youlin's "Suyuan Stone Spectrum" during the Ming Dynasty. As for the pan vine pattern desk, it is also more popular in the late Ming Dynasty. Therefore, if you look at it from the picture alone, it is a Mingren style Yatu. If you think that this is a risk of entering the Qing Dynasty, it is a portrait of the Ming remnants.
Ming Dynasty Lin Youlin's "Suyuan Stone Spectrum" "Small Cave Heaven"
Mao Xiang, the word to break the frontier, the number of the nest people, the number one Park An, also called the Park Nest. A writer of the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, he was a native of Rugao County, Taizhou (present-day Rugao, Jiangsu), the capital of Yangzhou. He was born in the 39th year of the Ming Dynasty (1611) and died in the 32nd year of the Qing Kangxi Dynasty (1693). Born rich, well-dressed, eager for justice and righteousness, and able to write poetry and write a lot, he was also a leader in the literary world for a time. His love story with Dong Xiaowan, one of the "Eight Yans of Qin Huai", is even more praised. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Mao Xiang was famous for his gangzheng integrity, and was called the "Four Princes" together with Tongcheng Fang Yizhi, Yixing Chen Zhenhui, and Shangqiu Hou Fangyu. After the Ming and Qing dynasties, he lived as a remnant and did not involve himself in the official field. The Draft History of the Qing Dynasty has been passed down.
The Xiang Xiang in the painting "Portrait Axis" should already be old. The upper part of the painting and the surrounding area of the painting are full of inscriptions, as many as thirteen or fourteen. Most of the celebrities who fell into the money were in the 1920s, including Yu Youren, Zhang Yuanji, Chen Zengshou, Chen Sanli, Xia Jingguan, Li Xiang, Chen Baochen, Gong Xinzhao, Fan Zengxiang, etc., all of whom were friendly in life and life of Mao Guangsheng (Zi Heting), who is also the twelfth grandson of the protagonist in the painting, and at the top of the canvas is Fan Zengxiang's inscription "The Remains of Mr. Mao Chaomin". It is a subordinate of Sun Heting. "It was also a great moment.
Modern Fan Zengxiang signed "Portrait of Mr. MaoChaomin"
The upper part of the "Portrait Scroll of Maoxiang" is inscribed
The lower part of the "Portrait Scroll of Maoxiang" is inscribed
Judging from the inscriptions on the mounted parts of the paintings, the earliest are The early Qing Dynasty writers, calligraphers and painters, and song shu of the official to the official Shangshu, as well as Han Shu of the Twelfth Year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1673) and Han Shu of the Official to the Libu Shangshu. Han died in the forty-third year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1704). Song Died in the fifty-second year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1713), and Song Xi wrote in the inscription "Mianjin Shanren", which is according to him, which he began to take in the eighteenth year of Kangxi (1679). The painting could then be dated between 1679 and 1704. In the inscription, Song Xi also has the praise of "ups and downs of literary wine, more than fifty years". At the age of 14, he published a collection of poems "Xiangli Garden". In this way, Mao Xiang was about seventy years old at that time. That is to say, this painting was created around the twentieth year of the Kangxi Dynasty (1681) and is a portrayal of the protagonist's life.
"Portrait Scroll of Maoxiang" Song Jiao inscription
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, portraiture was quite popular, and the realism technique reached its peak, and some also introduced Western perspective painting methods, making the character image more three-dimensional and plump. The scenes that match it are often realistic to the scene, lining people with scenes, and setting off the protagonist's elegant feelings and feelings. For example, the painter Yu Zhiding in the early Qing Dynasty was a master, and the style of this painting was almost close. At the 2017 autumn auction of Kuangshi in Beijing, a hand scroll of modern Feng Chaoran's "Linyu Zhiding Painting Of The Adventure of Xinjiang" was launched, which was a portrait of Yu Zhiding and had an inscription: "Leaning on the Stone listening to the spring map." The Ding of Shen Zhai Yu is a Qingzhao of the Frontier Word Sect. There are also inscriptions by yun shouping, Song Jie, Wang Yi, Zha Sheng and other famous artists. However, judging from the portrait, the risk of opening up Xinjiang was a portrait of the prime of the time.
Modern Feng Chaoran, "Linyu Zhiding Painting Of The Adventure of Xinjiang" (partial)
Back to this "Portrait Scroll of Xiang Xiang", I don't know what reason, the painter did not see the painter drop the plutonium print in the frame. Most notably, the stone offering and the table in the painting with the scene should also be realistic, on the one hand, it points out the protagonist's habits, and it is also a manifestation of the late Ming Shangshi fashion, on the other hand, it may also indicate the protagonist's chastity.
Mao Xiang is not only a generation of words, but also a naturalist gentleman, rich in collection, fine appreciation, and stone fetish. The relics of the literary play are seen in major museums and art auction markets. For example, the Xiling Printing Society has a collection of fang Lingbi ancient stone "Water Painting Spirit Stone", the landscape of the mountain, imposing, for the modern art master Wu Changshuo old collection. According to Wu Changshuo's inscription on the stone in 1897, this ancient stone was originally a relic of Mao Xiang, the so-called "mountain spirit, a thousand years of knots." Former homing people after bitter iron. Ding You's August Ming. ”
Lingbi ancient stone "water painting spirit stone" is now the Tibetan Xiling Seal Society
Regarding the goodness of the stone, I have consulted his poetry collection and found a lot of discoveries. For example, he wrote an article "Ying Shi Jie Yu", mentioning that in the second year of Qing Shunzhi (1645), he took refuge in the salt official, and all his thoughts were extinguished, "In addition, there is no love, Ying Shan Pu Shu Ancient Nest Cloud." "The Stone Mountain and the nesting trees are two things that he can't give up." In his life, he had no other hobbies, and he loved the strange stone tree. "He named Nest People, Park An, and Park Nest, all related to this simple tree. As for Yingshi Mountain, it was a giant peak of Yingshi that his father brought back from Lingnan, "slender and nine feet long, the peak is like a jade girl, worthy of the incorruptible officials and family clouds." "Such a giant Stone, the height of which actually exceeds that of the Qing Dynasty Yingshi "Wrinkle Cloud Peak", one of the "Three Famous Stones of Jiangnan" (now in the West Lake of Hangzhou "Jiangnan Famous Stone Garden"), is also rare to see.
Portrait Scrolls (Partial)
Yan Shan in the Portrait Scroll of Mao Xiang
Risking his pride, "Yu Zhi good stone is like wine". In "Gifting Clouds", he recorded a good friend She Gongyou, who gave the "green snail", "cangxue", "yuanyao" and "flying" stone peaks in his courtyard, which can be described as a hero giving beauty, and the strange stone got what he wanted. Mao Xiang was overjoyed and named his room "Gift to Yunxuan". As for his newly constructed water painting garden, which is known as the "Famous Scenic Spot of Gangdong", it is also lined with strange rocks and rocks, including Hanging Thunder Peak and other scenic spots. He composed the "Six Reminiscences of the Water Painting Garden", which mentions the chaotic era at the end of the Ming Dynasty, "when people were bitter and soldiers, ancient stones burst out with people." In fact, my family has a stone warehouse, so that it is useless to become a masterpiece. Do not move the stone and move the pine, the nine-maned scaly old dragon. "Cloud cloud. It can be seen that at that time, because of the war, many old garden houses fell, ancient stones were scattered, and the water painting garden of Xiangxiang took advantage of this to collect a large number, and the more "stone warehouses" the better.
Mao Xiang's "Park Chao Anthology" Volume III Book Shadow
Since ancient times, good stone has meant good mountain. Mao Xiang also has a habit of landscape and water, and he mentioned in the article "Commenting on the Landscape and Water Sequence of Liuliuzhou": "If you live in the sea for the rest of your life, you hate that there is no stone to divide the clouds." Every time you look at the plains, you can only see the desolation, and the coldness of the day increases. As far as the cloth is concerned, there are ancient trees and reeds that are slightly shady, and they can't go. He traveled all over the place, paying close attention to the strange rocks of Qifeng. For example, there is a "Guo Lao Shi" in the "Records of the Landscapes and Rivers of Yuanzhou", which records the strange stones of one side in the water, "The isolated island sits on the negative shuangxi, more than ten meters high, the horizontal double, the four sides are exquisite, the clouds are spitting, the qi is spitting, the ancient iron, the Yingshan and the spirit wall are not enough metaphors." Turen Yun, left behind by the former Zhang Immortals, hence the name. Along the way, he also ordered the child servants to collect beautiful stones, "there are several white and black seats, as big as eggs, and the mountains and ravines are all there. In the "Diary of Nanyue Province", Mao Xiang recorded that he found a number of beautiful stones in the stream near Xinyu in Jiangxi, "There are five-colored light, there are peaks and peaks, and there are moss embroidery mistakes." It is provided for the canopy window, and the object of the sleeve is not reduced. "The image of a stone idiot has become more and more distinct.