"It is not difficult to win, but it is also difficult for those who hold on." The comprehensive victory in the battle against poverty marks a solid step taken by our party on the road of uniting and leading the people to create a better life and achieve common prosperity. Poverty alleviation is not the end, but the starting point of a new life and a new struggle. At the juncture of taking advantage of the momentum to start a new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country and marching toward the second centenary goal, it is necessary to regard comprehensively promoting rural revitalization as a major task for realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, and use the strength of the whole party and society to speed up the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and enable the broad masses of peasants to live a better life. If the nation wants to rejuvenate, the countryside must be rejuvenated, the socialist modern country must be built in an all-round way, and the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will be realized; the most arduous and arduous tasks will still be in the rural areas, the broadest and deepest foundation will still be in the rural areas, and the work of "three rural areas" in the new development stage will still be extremely important. After 2020, China will incorporate the cause of poverty reduction into the overall arrangement under the framework of the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation, establish an institutional mechanism that combines the long and short terms, and treat both the symptoms and the root causes, and smoothly and orderly achieve the effective connection between consolidating and expanding the results of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, leaving no gaps in work, leaving no gaps in policies, and resolutely adhering to the bottom line of no large-scale return to poverty. It is necessary to have a clear understanding of the situation, grasp the law, forge ahead courageously, make a good start and make a good start for the comprehensive construction of a modern socialist country, and lay a solid foundation for development for the second centenary goal with outstanding achievements.
Comprehensively strengthen the party's centralized and unified leadership
The depth, breadth and difficulty of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization are no less than those of poverty alleviation, and we must take more effective measures and gather more powerful forces to implement the "Regulations of the Communist Party of China on Rural Work" as the starting point, promote the improvement of the rural revitalization policy system, work system, and system system, and form a work pattern in which the whole party and the whole society work together to promote revitalization.
The first is to improve the leadership system and work system. Improve the working mechanism of the central overall planning, the province is responsible for the overall responsibility, and the city, county, and township grasp the implementation, strengthen the five-level secretary to grasp the rural revitalization, the provincial, municipal, and county party committees regularly study the rural revitalization work, and the county party secretary should be the "front-line commander-in-chief" of the rural revitalization, and build a leadership system for rural revitalization with clear responsibilities, each taking its own responsibility, and implementing a strong rural revitalization leadership system. Give full play to the role of the rural work leading groups of the central and local party committees in taking the lead in grasping the overall situation and overall planning and coordination, and establish a unified and efficient mechanism for decision-making and deliberation coordination. Timely do a good job of consolidating and expanding the results of poverty alleviation and comprehensively promoting all aspects of rural revitalization, and apply the organizational promotion, element guarantee, policy support, collaborative assistance, assessment and supervision and other working mechanisms formed in the work of poverty alleviation to promote rural revitalization according to actual needs.
The second is to scientifically formulate development plans. Guided by the implementation of the strategic plan for rural revitalization, scientifically compile a plan for consolidating and expanding the results of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, coordinate the preparation and implementation of specific development plans for poverty alleviation areas, promote the overall deployment of construction projects and specific work measures, and incorporate major measures to consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization, consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation in poverty alleviation areas, and major projects for rural revitalization into the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan". The third is to strengthen assessment and application of results. Make a good connection with the comprehensive performance evaluation of high-quality development, scientifically set assessment indicators, strengthen rural revitalization supervision, consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation into the performance appraisal scope of the city and county party and government leading bodies and leading cadres to promote the rural revitalization strategy, and use the assessment results as an important basis for cadre selection and appointment, appraisal of excellence, and accountability and accountability. Strengthen the publicity of rural revitalization, and create a strong atmosphere for jointly promoting rural revitalization in the whole society.
Improve the results of poverty alleviation, consolidate and expand long-term mechanisms
Consolidating and expanding the results of poverty alleviation is the premise and foundation for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, after 2020, we must make greater efforts during the transition period, adhere to orderly adjustment and smooth transition, consolidate and expand the results of poverty alleviation, and adhere to the non-large-scale return to poverty as the bottom line task.
The first is to maintain the overall stability of the policy. Establish a 5-year transition period, strictly implement the "four non-picking" requirements, optimize and adjust the existing support policies item by item, and reasonably grasp the rhythm, intensity and time limit of policy adjustment. The intensity of investment will not be reduced, the support team will not be withdrawn, and the financial investment at all levels should match the consolidation and expansion of the results of poverty alleviation and the requirements for good connection, and gradually realize the smooth transition from concentrating resources to support poverty alleviation to comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, and promote a historic shift in the focus of the "three rural areas" work.
The second is to improve the dynamic monitoring and support mechanism for preventing the return to poverty. Make full use of the results of the file card information system, and improve the big data detection platform for preventing the return to poverty. Carry out monitoring of poverty-alleviated counties, poverty-alleviated villages, and poverty-alleviated populations, and truly achieve early detection, early intervention, and early assistance. Do a good job of carrying out regular inspections and dynamic management of households that are unstable in poverty alleviation, marginal households that are prone to poverty, and populations with large rigid expenditures such as accidents due to etiology and accidents, or whose incomes have suffered serious difficulties in basic life. Optimize and improve the institutional bottom-up guarantee policy, reasonably set the guarantee standard, and improve the dynamic adjustment mechanism for the targets of the bottom-up guarantee policy to ensure that there is no large-scale return to poverty. The third is to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation of "two worries and three guarantees". Adhere to the current poverty alleviation target standards, implement the work responsibilities of industry authorities, and fully support the solution of outstanding problems in compulsory education, basic medical care, basic housing safety, and drinking water safety, prevent risks, and improve the level of security.
Strong industries and stable employment make every effort to improve people's livelihood
Industrial development is not only the main basis for enhancing the development foundation and enhancing the hematopoietic function of the poverty alleviation areas, but also an important way to increase the income of the people who have been lifted out of poverty, enhance endogenous power and development confidence, so that poor areas can really get rid of poverty and get rid of real poverty, we must have the support and guidance of the industry, steadily strengthen the development of support policies and measures, guide and support the county as the unit, adhere to the local conditions, according to the village policy, plan and develop the characteristic industries of rural revitalization, implement the action of upgrading the breeding and breeding industry, and continue to increase employment and industrial support.
The first is to develop characteristic industries in poverty-alleviated areas. It is necessary to base on local characteristic resources, promote the development and growth of rural industries, optimize the industrial layout, and explore the establishment of a more effective and long-term development mechanism, so that farmers can share more of the value-added benefits of the industry. From paying attention to policy support to paying more attention to the use of market mechanisms, respecting market laws and industrial development laws, from focusing on projects to paying more attention to characteristic advantages, making full use of industrial differences in poor areas, concentrating on supporting characteristic advantageous industries, extending industrial chains, creating regional public brands, and promoting industrial upgrading.
The second is to promote stable employment for people who have been lifted out of poverty. Employment is the basic measure to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation, we must give prominence to the status of peasants as the main body, through the development of industries, to promote employment, from paying attention to external drive to pay more attention to relying on endogenous power, vigorously cultivate and introduce market entities with driving ability, stimulate endogenous motivation, let the masses' hearts warm up, take action, self-reliance, hard work, rely on hard work to increase income and get rich. It is necessary to implement the policy of giving priority to employment, increase the intensity of organized labor exports for the poverty-alleviated population, support the poverty alleviation areas to widely adopt the work-for-charity method in the construction and management of agriculture-related projects, continue to support the preferential policies for poverty alleviation workshops, and make overall use of rural public welfare posts to ensure that the people who have been lifted out of poverty continue to increase their income steadily. The third is to strengthen the ability to resist risks. Improve the infrastructure conditions in poverty alleviation areas, improve the level of public services in poverty alleviation areas, do a good job of financial and financial investment service policy convergence, support talent cultivation and scientific and technological innovation, specially arrange new construction land plan indicators, strengthen industrial development support, and improve the ability of industries in poor areas to resist risks. In addition, for a large number of assets formed during the poverty alleviation period, it is necessary to classify and find out the bottom number, clarify the property rights relationship, strengthen management and supervision, and ensure that it continues to play a role in consolidating and expanding the results of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization.
Do a good job of follow-up support for relocation
Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, we have completed the relocation of 9.6 million poor people, effectively solving the problem of "one side is not good at raising people with water and soil". In the next step, it is necessary to do a solid job in the follow-up support work of relocation in light of different resettlement methods and local conditions, so as to ensure that the relocated masses can live stably, have employment, and gradually become rich.
The first is to promote employment through multiple channels. Vigorously develop follow-up industries for poverty alleviation and relocation and increase employment, such as strengthening employment training, steadily increasing employment by means of labor export, work-for-relief, and rural public welfare posts, and consolidating the economic foundation for the relocated masses to adapt to a better life.
The second is to improve supporting infrastructure and public services. Strengthen the construction of supporting infrastructure such as roads, water and electricity, communications, public activities and service places in the centralized resettlement areas, and continue to improve the appearance of villages. Improve the production and living conditions of the relocated masses from the aspects of education and medical care, enhance the happiness of the relocated masses, and give policy support to the supporting education and medical facilities in the former deeply impoverished areas and large-scale resettlement areas. Strengthen the construction of new urbanization in large-scale resettlement areas.
The third is to improve community governance capabilities. Strengthen community management in resettlement sites, implement territorial management responsibilities, provide integrated and equal service guarantees, do a good job in community environmental improvement, carry out rural spiritual civilization construction and patriotic health campaigns, enhance the masses' sense of psychological belonging, promote community integration, and ensure that the masses can live in new homes and live a new life. The fourth is to develop and expand the county economy. Accelerate the cultivation of county-level industries, and gradually narrow the income gap between the relocated people and the local residents.
Improve the normalization of support for low-income people in rural areas
To take the road of socialist rural revitalization with Chinese characteristics, we must let low-income people and underdeveloped areas share the fruits of development, and not be left behind and catch up in the process of modernization. While creating more opportunities for low-income people to participate in industries, transfer jobs, and start their own businesses, and stimulate endogenous development momentum, we should also strengthen the assistance and assistance to the rural low-income population in a hierarchical and classified manner. For the population with the ability to work, explore the establishment of a stable and long-term mechanism for poverty alleviation, adhere to development-oriented assistance, and encourage them to work hard and get rich. Strengthen industrial poverty alleviation, organize consumption poverty alleviation, increase training efforts, and promote the transfer of employment. Continue to provide poverty alleviation workshops and various employment poverty alleviation public welfare positions such as handicapped people, nurses, and ecological forest rangers. Strengthen the combination of poverty alleviation and support for aspirations and wisdom, so that poverty alleviation has a sustainable endogenous driving force. When calculating the income of rural low-income households with the ability to work, the necessary employment costs are deducted. For the special poor population who do not have the ability to work, strengthen social security and implement social assistance in layers and categories. Further adjust the conditions for the identification of the minimum guarantee, scientifically identify the rural minimum guarantee targets, improve the accuracy of the policy, and increase the overall planning of the minimum guarantee standard at the provincial level. The population of the poor households that have completely lost their ability to work or partially lost their ability to work and cannot obtain a stable income through industrial employment will all be included in the scope of assistance and support for the rural low-income or special hardship cases, and special assistance and temporary assistance for the people in difficulty will be given in a timely manner according to the type of difficulty, so that they should be guaranteed to the fullest, should be exhausted, and the bottom line of the basic livelihood guarantee for the population who have lost the ability to work should be tightly woven. Improve various civil affairs support policies such as the elderly, children, and the welfare of the disabled, and build a comprehensive policy guarantee system.
Efforts should be made to improve the overall development level of poverty alleviation areas
The imbalance in regional development is the root cause of China's poverty problem, the southwest and northwest regions are china's overall development is relatively lagging behind, to complete the rural revitalization and long-term development of key areas, we must through sustained poverty alleviation and development, solidly play a good combination of help and support, so that poverty alleviation counties in the rural revitalization will not fall behind, do not fall behind, and further promote coordinated regional development. The first is to carry out classified assistance to key areas. In the western region, we will provide concentrated support to a number of key counties for rural revitalization, and give centralized support from the aspects of finance, finance, land, talent, infrastructure construction, and public services, so as to enhance regional development capabilities, and encourage all localities to independently choose key counties for rural revitalization among the poverty alleviation counties. Complete and improve the monitoring and evaluation mechanism for key counties for rural revitalization. The second is to adhere to and improve the cooperation and counterpart support for poverty alleviation in the east and the west. Continue to adhere to and improve the east-west poverty alleviation cooperation mechanism, on the basis of maintaining the basic stability of the existing twinning relationship and strengthening the existing economic ties, adjust and optimize the twinning and support relationship, do a good job of connecting the inter-provincial assistance relationship, and prevent work gaps and weakening of strength. Maintain the intensity of capital investment, the selection and exchange of cadres, strengthen the cooperation between labor services, industry and consumption, and enhance their ability to consolidate the results of poverty alleviation and endogenous development. The third is to optimize the coordination mechanism. Continue to mobilize all aspects of society to participate in assistance, strengthen the cooperation of enterprises as the carrier, strengthen the strength of central enterprises in rural revitalization, give play to greater role advantages, pay more attention to the role of the market, organize and mobilize private enterprises to actively participate in rural revitalization, and carry out the action of "ten thousand enterprises and ten thousand villages".
Source: Selected from the general part of the book "The Practice and Experience of Poverty Alleviation in China"