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A five-tribution student and a hundred years of incense

Zhao surnamed people in Zhaojiatou Village, Cuijiatou Town, Qianyang County, and Linggang Group of Wangjiabao Village, and Xizhuang Group of Zhuangke Village, are famous families in Qianyang County, and there are many talents, and only during the Jiaqing to Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, five tribute students were produced, including two Gonggong, all of whom were sent to Guozijian (the country's highest university) in Beijing to study. In today's words, they were all overlords in Qianyang County at that time, and they are also very remarkable today.

A five-tribution student and a hundred years of incense

What is Gongsheng? It was in the imperial examination era that the state selected students (show talents) in the prefecture, prefecture, and county who had excellent grades or qualifications and were promoted to study under the supervision of the Jingshi Guozi. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, one or two students from each prefecture, prefecture, and county school were selected every year or two or three years to enter the Guozijian to study, called years gong. Bagong is a type of tribute that was added during the Qing Dynasty. In the early days, it was determined to be selected once every six years, and during the Qianlong Emperor's period, it was changed to once every year, that is, once every twelve years. There are two students from each prefecture, one from each prefecture and one from the county school, and the students of each province are selected by the provincial school administration and sent to Beijing to study. After passing the imperial examination, Bagong can serve as a Beijing official, a prefect, or an edict or teacher. Wu Chengen, the author of "Journey to the West", and Pu Songling, the author of "Liaozhai Zhi Yi", are both years agog. It is obvious that Gongsheng has a high level of education, and Bagong is better than Gong.

According to the Zhao family tree, the Zhao family moved from Hongdong County in Shanxi Province to today's Zhao Jia Yuan in the late Ming Dynasty, pursuing the purpose of cultivating and studying the heirloom, paying attention to the education of children, and hoping that future generations would gain fame and glory to their ancestors. Later, the Zhao family really produced five tributes.

Zhao Qia, the sixth generation of the Zhao family, was elected as a tribute student during the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty (1796-1820), the first tribute student of the Zhao family. After completing his three-year study period in Guozijian, Beijing, he went to Datong County, Gansu Province (present-day Datong Hui Tu Autonomous County, Xining City, Qinghai Province) to serve as a Confucian instructor (an official in charge of education in the county, deputy seventh pin).

Zhao Muru, the eighth generation of the Zhao family, paid tribute in the twenty-ninth year of Daoguang (1849), the rest is unknown.

Zhao Bingru, the eighth generation of the Zhao family, Zhao Qia's grandson, loves poetry, reads literature and history, is proficient in Chinese medicine, and is a tribute student in the seventh year of the Qing Dynasty's Tongzhi (1868), and is also the third tribute student of the Zhao family. In this year, the Hui rebellion troops fought fiercely with the Qing army, and Qianyang County was also in the midst of war. But the imperial examination system of the Qing Dynasty was carried out as scheduled throughout the country. Zhao Bingru studied very hard in Beijing, and her grades were excellent, which attracted people's attention.

In the first year of Guangxu (1875), Zhao Bingru served as the instructor of Confucianism in Xi'an Prefecture, teaching well, Taoli Yingmen, and later appointed to supervise and manage Guanzhong Academy (a famous institution in Shaanxi Province in the Ming and Qing dynasties, one of the four major academies in the country, located at the west exit of Shuyuanmen Street in the south gate of Xi'an). In the fifth year of Guangxu (1879), Zhao Bingru concurrently served as the recording officer of the Shaanxi Provincial Township Examination (Raising Examination), serving three consecutive terms (the township examination was held every three years), with serious and responsible work, outstanding achievements, and was praised by the governor of Shaanxi Province. After 1902, Zhao Bingru was also in charge of the Shaanxi Provincial Bureaucracy (an institution commonly established in the provinces after 1902, the main task of which was to train alternate officials and in-service officials), holding a high position. It can be said that he has made important contributions to education and cadre training in Shaanxi.

Zhao Zongjin, the ninth generation of the Zhao family, the third son of Zhao Bingru, a tribute student during the Guangxu period, and the fourth tribute student of the Zhao family. He was at home for a long time and was an enlightened gentleman in place. After the outbreak of the Xinhai Revolution on the 19th day of the eighth lunar month in 1911, he responded positively and consciously participated in revolutionary activities. Ren Jinduo, the leader of the Huangli gang, and the gang leaders in Gaoya and other places formed a "horse head army", using large knives and guillotine blades as weapons, wrapped their heads in white cloth, moving around the countryside, preparing to besiege the county town, and Yang Shilu of Qianyangzhi County in the Qing Dynasty fled when he heard the wind. On the 16th day of the ninth lunar month, Ren Jinduo and about 500 people from Fengxiang Liulin and Zhao Mengxiong besieged the county seat for several days. Later, Zhao Zongjin was entrusted by Ren Jinduo to risk killing the head and entering the city to explain the purpose of the uprising of "defending the locality, there is no other intention", and reached an agreement that the Matou army would retire to Huangli and the county city defense bureau would provide compensation, avoiding a major bloodshed and sacrifice.

Zhao Fengjin (1867-1939), Zi Bochong, the ninth generation of the Zhao family, the fifth son of Zhao Bingru, and the younger brother of Zhao Zongjin, was elected as a tribute in the eleventh year of Guangxu (1885). He successively served as the prefect judge of Baode Prefecture (a directly subordinate prefecture, ruled in present-day Baode County, Shanxi Province), and the Shanxi Provincial School Affairs Office (a provincial-level education administrative institution, equivalent to the current Provincial Department of Education) inspector (inspected the education of all provinces, departments, prefectures, and counties according to the order of the envoy, with six people in each province and six products). After the establishment of the Republic of China, he returned to Qianyang County and successively served as the director of the Qianyang County Finance Bureau and the director of the Institute of Education (director of the Education Bureau). At that time, there was only one director, one scholar, one student councilor, and one secretary (clerk), with insufficient personnel, very rudimentary office conditions, and extremely poor funds. He overcame difficulties and worked hard to establish the educational cause of Qianyang.

In the thirteenth year of the Republic of China (1924), the Political Inspection Institute of the Shaanxi Provincial Administrative Office went to Qianyang to inspect various work, and there were many dissatisfaction with the work of Qianyang County. However, when it came to the inspection of the institute, a good evaluation was made that "only the director of the institute, Zhao Fengjin, has excellent academic quality and is also quite clear about education". The provincial inspection also found that Qianyang County had not established a Tianzu Branch (about a non-governmental organization that advised small-footed women to put their feet and advocate Tianzu), so they temporarily convened the squires and people of various sessions to discuss, elected Zhao Fengjin as the president of the Qianyang County Tianzu Branch, and made a wooden sign of the Qianyang County Tianzu Branch, which was nailed to the door of the counseling center, which shows that Zhao Fengjin's prestige is high.

Zhao Fengjin worked hard and achieved outstanding results, and was successively awarded the third-class medal of the Ministry of Civil and Internal Affairs and the single-level medal of the Ministry of Education. After retiring, Zhao Fengjin returned to his hometown, still holding the scroll in his hand, and had his own study. His descendants still vividly remember a self-drawn couplet in his study: "Birds urge pen to the branches, Mei puts poetry from the window". This couplet is neatly worked, expressing the charming scene of birds whispering, plum blossoms, comfort, and writing poetry. He also drew up the couplet "Furen Anblessed Land, Jia Water Around Jiacheng" for the black hall of the burial, and many local people still write it on both sides of the black hall when they hit the tomb. On July 17, the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), Zhao Fengjin died of illness at the age of 73.

The Zhao family has a distinct feature, each generation has a common character as a part of the name, for example, Zhao Bingru's six sons are all "Jin" characters. Zhao Fengjin's sons are all "Nai" characters, grandsons are "world" characters, and great-grandchildren are "Qing" characters. Zhao Zongjin's grandsons are all "Yu" characters, and his great-grandchildren are all "national" characters.

The descendants of the Zhao family are also quite unusual. During the Republican period, Zhao Fengjin's grandson Zhao Zuoshi was admitted to the Department of Education of Northwest University, and Zhao Baoshi and Zhao Shengshi were admitted to Fengxiang Normal School. After liberation, especially after the reform and opening up, the Zhao family shined even more, many people went to universities and technical secondary schools, obtained bachelor's, master's and doctoral degrees, and made outstanding contributions in education, administration, medicine and many other fields.

Zhao Yanjie, the eldest of the descendants of the Zhao family, the great-great-grandson of Zhao Fengjin and the grandson of Zhao Zuoshi. Born in September 1985, he was sent to Tsinghua University in 2002 and went to Purdue University on a full scholarship in 2006, where he received master's, doctoral and postdoctoral degrees, and worked as a researcher in the United States. In 2014, he returned to China to work, served as a researcher and postdoctoral supervisor of the Electronic Science Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation, the leader and chief designer of the China Electronic Science and Technology Intelligent Unmanned Expert Group, and was successively selected by the Central Organization Department as an expert of the national "Youth Thousand Talents Program", was hired as an expert of the expert group of the Science and Technology Commission of the Central Military Commission, and was selected as the "Outstanding Youth in National Defense Science and Technology" of the Science and Technology Commission of the Central Military Commission, the Young Talents Recruitment Project of the China Association for Science and Technology, and the Top Ten Leading Talents of China Electronic Science and Technology. From 2016 to 2018, under his auspices, three test flights of fixed-wing drone swarms were conducted, all of which broke world records in this field. On May 4, 2018, he was awarded the "Beijing May Fourth Youth Medal". CCTV and other news media have reported on his advanced deeds many times.

In the past 200 years, why are the descendants of the Zhao family so good? The old man Zhao Shengshi, the grandson of Bagong Zhao Fengjin, gave the answer. In 2019, he is 90 years old, bright ears, good health, and has been a teacher in our county's education system for decades. He said happily, "The reason why the Zhao family is today has a great relationship with the education of its ancestors. When I was seven or eight years old, my grandfather Zhao Fengjin often told me historical stories such as Jing Ke's assassination of the King of Qin, which inspired us to study hard. When he returned to Qianyang from Shanxi, he used a carriage to pull back a lot of books, and our descendants often read them and gained a lot of knowledge. The younger generations took their predecessors as their example, had great ambitions, studied hard, and loved and dedicated themselves to their jobs, so they achieved such good results. ”

The elder Zhao Shengshi unveiled the mystery of a family development, that is, to establish lofty ideals, take the ancestors as a model, study hard, work hard, and pursue unremittingly, in order to maintain the long-term prosperity of the family.