In Zhao Shizhen's "Artifact Genealogy", such a dialogue is recorded, which is about discussing the origin of the arquebus gun with his grandfather Zhao Zhilu, in which Zhao Shizhen mentions: "The first offender of the Wunu is Zhejiang Zhi, and there is no bird reaming. Six or seven years later, Fang had a zizi. ”
This means that the Arquebusiers of the Dynasty came from Japan and were only equipped by the government after six or seven years of the Wokou invasion.
Then his grandfather Zhao Zhilu said: "I heard that the annexation of Turpan to Fanhami, China set up a minister of economic strategy, recruited tens of thousands of troops, and parted ways to help. Because Turpan borrowed the Honey Artifact, the Heavenly Soldier could not save it, but it was merged. If this vessel is transmitted from the other to the West, and the West is transmitted to the Wozhongye?"
Generally speaking, the arquebus gun was contacted by the Zhengde Dynasty when it was fighting in the Western Regions, and the arquebus gun could not be transmitted from Turfan to the West and then to Japan, right?
This is actually a very interesting topic, because according to Zhao Lu Zhao, the Ming army came into contact with arquebusiers through war as early as the fourteenth year of Zhengde (1514), which was a full 7 years earlier than the battle of Tuen Mun that was recognized as the Ming army's contact with arquebusiers.
What is even more interesting is that what happened in the Western Regions, which has never had a sense of existence in the history of the Ming Dynasty's wars, actually made the Ming Dynasty move so vigorously and tens of thousands of troops to go to conquest.
This must first mention the background of the general environment of the western regions of the Ming Dynasty.
In 1487, Yunusi Khan of the Eastern Chagatai Khanate of the Western Regions died and was succeeded by his eldest son, Mahamu, but because of his limited strength, he only controlled the western part of the khanate. His younger brother Amahei, on the other hand, gathered the Mughal tribes in eastern Xinjiang through constant wars, and then annexed Wu'er and took control of the eastern part of the khanate with Turpan as its core.
Amahei, who had greatly increased his strength, did not want to stop there, so he repeatedly invaded Hami and occupied Hami twice. Compared with the active expansion of Turpan, Daming's corresponding policy was slightly negative, although in the eighth year of Hongzhi, the Ming court sent three thousand troops to conquest and won victory, but because of the many previous inactions, Daming had lost the hearts of the seven guards in Kansai.
At the same time, Mahamukhan in the western part of the khanate suffered successive defeats in a battle against another hegemon in Central Asia, the Shaybani Khan of Uzbekistan, and had no choice but to ask his brother Amahei for help. After receiving the news, Ah Ma Hei left his eldest son Manso'er to oversee the country, and he brought his own people to support, but the result was still a fiasco. Soon after, Ah Ma Hei died of illness. Maham Khan was expelled by Ahmad's third brother, Sayid, and lost two khans, and Mansoir became the de facto ruler of the Eastern Chagatai Khanate, but in order to consolidate his power, Mansoul extended his butcher knife to his brother, and Said was forced to defect to his cousin Babur in Kabul. And this man was the founding sultan of the Mughal dynasty of India.
In the eighth year of Zhengde, The King of Zhongshun (Emperor Ming of Daming) baiya of Hami abandoned the city and surrendered to Turpan under the lure of the rebel general Shu Yihuxian who was possessed by Su'er. Then, Mansur sent the Fire Lord, who was only Ding, to occupy the city of Hami, preparing to attack Gansu further. As a result, Hami, the great ming vassal, officially broke away from the control of the imperial court and went to the opposite side of the empire.
However, at this time, the Ming court was still unmoved, and only adopted economic sanctions of closed tribute, trying to make the Eastern Chagatai accept it when it was good.
Naturally, Mansoru, who was proud of the spring breeze, would not take over this move of the Ming Dynasty, but just as he was preparing to raise an army to cut down the Ming Dynasty, a sudden situation interrupted his plan for the King of the Northwest--the third brother Sayyid, with the support of Babur, unified the southern frontier and established the powerful Yarkand Khanate.
Being attacked on his stomach and back was not something that Mansur could afford, so he had to lower his posture and meet with Sayyid in Kucha in order to get along peacefully. Surprisingly, however, compared to the fierce Mansoel, Sayyid seemed to be very brotherly, and immediately expressed his willingness to submit to Mansoula, and there was no conflict between the two decades.
In this way, ManSu'er had no worries and could use troops against the Ming Dynasty with peace of mind.
It is worth mentioning that Saeed not only brought peace to Mansoir, but also gave Mansoel a great gift - Rumi from West Asia.
Regarding the eastern transmission of Lu Miru, you can interject here. In 1514, at the same time as Turpan annexed Hami, in far away West Asia, the Ottoman Empire defeated Safir Persia, and the defeated Persia introduced Turkish arms in an attempt to strengthen itself. In the same year, Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire who was fighting in Afghanistan, came into contact with the advanced Turkish arquebusier because he was ally of Persia. From 1516 to 1519, Babur was busy reorganizing his troops, producing firearms and waiting for an opportunity to attack India. During the same period, Babur also supported his cousin Sayid in establishing the Yarkand Khanate, which also provided arms assistance.
With the support of his brothers, relying on the strength of the two khanates, and the power of the new weapons, Mansu'er sent an army to Jiayuguan in 1516, and the guerrilla general Rui Ning and the staff general Jiang Cunli resisted, and Rui Ning led seven hundred troops to encounter the Mughal army at Shaziba, and faced with the disparity in strength, General Rui Ning died in battle. Subsequently, the Turpan army further moved east to besiege the city of Suzhou (present-day Jiuquan). This move aroused the vigilance of the Ming court, so he sent Chen Jiuyu, the deputy envoy of the military reserve, to deal with it. Chen Jiuyu then joined forces with Vala, who had previously had a vendetta against Turpan, and cooperated with the Ming army to jointly attack Turpan.
It has to be said that the appearance of Vala reversed the unfavorable situation of the Ming army in one fell swoop, beating Man Su'er to "repeatedly send people to ask for peace, and regret and cry." In desperation, Turpan had to temporarily withdraw his troops. Afterwards, because Chen Jiuzu killed a large number of Turpan emissaries during his time in zhenshou Suzhou to prevent Mansu'er's internal traitors, which caused dissatisfaction among the Fan people, he joined forces with Chen Jiuzu's political enemy Shangshu Wang Qiong to overthrow Chen Jiuzu.
Just when daming was in a state of political disagreement. Unwilling to be defeated, Manso'er, after easing his relationship with Wala, together with Wala, sent more than 20,000 troops to ride through Jiayu Pass and straight to Suzhou City in the first year of Jiajing (1522). Chen Jiuyu, who had just been reinstated, once again took the lead and led the Ming army to open a fortitude mode, directly attacking the chagatai army that was besieging the city from behind, and lifting the siege of Suzhou and Ganzhou. In the melee, the Ming army shot and killed Manso'er's love general, he was only Ding, and at the same time shot mansoe, and in desperation, Manso'er had to retreat again. Subsequently, Chen Jiuyu co-opted tongmansu's entangled Mongols and did not stab the troops, and continued to attack on the way back to Turpan until the Ming army recaptured Hami.
However, the invasion of Chahar brought extremely serious disasters to daming's northwestern border. Shi Yang Yiqing said: "In the quarrel of Suzhou, the generals were killed by him, and the soldiers and civilians were poisoned by him. Last year (Jiajing Three Years (1524)), the Kou of Ganzhou, the fortress was broken, I don't know how many; People and animals kill, not to mention tens of thousands! All of this was attributed to the incompetence and inaction of the central ministers by the new emperor, and at that time, at the time of the "great ceremonial controversy" between the imperial court, the Jiajing Emperor and Yang Yiqing, Yang Tinghe and the opponents of the clique, Zhang Xuan, Gui Cao, and Wang Qiong, took the opportunity to set off a "prison of feudal territory" and sent Chen Jiushubian, Peng Ze, and Jin Xianmin back to their hometowns, Yang Tinghe and dismissed them.
The prison of feudalism has come to an end, but the beacon in the northwest has not stopped.
In the decades that followed, Daming and the Eastern Chagatai Khanate engaged in several confrontations around Hami. By the middle of the seventeenth century, when Daming was on the verge of collapse under the iron hooves of the Qing army. The Eastern Chagatai Khanate was also crumbling under the machete of the newly rising Dzungar in northern Xinjiang. Finally, two old rivals have fallen, and their successors will continue to write the conquest of civilization in this land.