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In the late Middle Ages, the Roman Catholic Church was in deep crisis. It was the core of medieval European society and once ruled the entire Christian world. However, with the onslaught of Protestant thought, the authority of the Catholic Church was widely questioned, its teachings became rigid, and corruption and degeneration became the main themes of people's mouths. The root cause of this change can be traced back to the profound changes in feudal society in Europe in the late Middle Ages.
The search for solutions began during this turbulent period, and the rise of the Renaissance movement and the nation-state provided the strength to this process. It was in this context that Fisher's ideas came to the fore, and he advocated a return to the pure church of the early church fathers to seek a way out. The roots of this idea can be traced back to ancient patristic theologians such as Augustine, Origen, and Aquinas. Their ideas showed Fisher the way forward and helped him construct his own ideas.
Augustine, one of the greatest theologians of early Christianity, had a profound influence on Fisher. The ideas in his magnum opus, The City of God, especially the idea of a pure church, profoundly shaped Fisher's view of faith. Augustine believed that the legitimacy of the church's existence came from purity and love, which was lacking in the Donatians of the time. He distinguishes faith and hope from purity and love, emphasizing that purity and love are found in the church because they embody the divine unity of the church.
In his polemics with Luther, Fisher also emphasized the purity of the church, unlike Luther, who believed that faith and hope were not enough to save a person, and that purity and love must be introduced into faith in order to achieve salvation. Augustine's ideas provided him with a solid theoretical foundation, which became his key argument for defending the moral authority of the Roman Catholic Church.
Origen was another important theologian, and his allegorical hermeneutics had a profound influence on Fisher. Believing that every passage has a deep spiritual meaning, Origen's method of exegesis was widely adopted in the medieval Roman church. Fisher was also inspired by Origen's approach, applying his ideas to his sermons, encouraging believers to explore God's spiritual mysteries. This way of thinking helps to compensate for the unexplained problems of the church and makes the faith more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
At the same time, Origen's method of comparing the Six Bibles had a profound impact on textual proofreading, and he put different versions of the Bible side by side for proofreading, providing a model for later humanists. Fisher was also inspired by this approach, emphasizing the goodness of God in the Bible but pointing out that it is impossible to know God's nature. He encouraged believers to use faith and love to perceive God, whose existence and nature are far beyond man's ability to understand.
Finally, Thomas Aquinas's thought reinforces the concept of faith, arguing that God has given people the natural capacity to reason to understand the many problems of the world, but faith is a sufficient condition for revelation. Fisher also drew on Aquinas' thought, emphasizing faith as the key to dialogue with God and perception of divine mysteries. He encouraged believers to believe in God's revelation because God's wisdom is far beyond man's capacity for understanding.
The ideas of these theologians provided a solid philosophical foundation for Fisher's sermons and convictions, helping him to cope with the crisis facing the Roman Catholic Church at the time. Despite the church's flaws, the ideas of Augustine, Origen, and Aquinas provided believers with ways to explore the spiritual mysteries of God, emphasizing the importance of faith, which was central to Fisher's doctrinal system.
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