There is really a Mulan in history "The Legend of Mulan" was broadcast on CCTV prime time in previous years, and the loyalty, filial piety and righteousness on the flower hero are enough to learn from the past. As for the fact that the show took out more than 20 episodes to play imagination on "Danghu Weaving", it cannot be miscalculated, which shows that young people love labor and carry forward the ancient embroidery culture of the motherland. Let a folk embroidery girl fall in love with the enemy prince, it can't be wrong, there is no love entanglement, how to whet the audience's appetite? "Mulan Ci" has the nature of "folk history" It is said that "Mulan Ci" is the Yuefu of the Northern Dynasty (Wei), and probably no one will object. After the Qin and Han dynasties, most of the imperial courts had special Yuefu official offices, and the Northern and Southern Dynasties were no exception, and the specific function was to be responsible for collecting and sorting out folk songs, practicing music work, etc., and was under the command of Taichang Temple, which was in charge of etiquette and education. "Mulan Ci" was included in the "Yuefu Poetry Collection" by Guo Maoqian in the Song Dynasty, and it is not unreasonable to call it Yuefu Shuangbi together with "Peacock (Peacock) Flying Southeast". Guo Maoqian's father Guo Yuanming used to be a doctor of Taichang, with a family history and unique insight. There are generally two sources of Yuefu lyrics: the creation of royal literati and the collection of folk songs. "Mulan Ci" clearly belongs to the latter. Re-reading, we will present such a scene in front of us: a neat and simple, narcissistic girl, telling a narrative, and there is a small show next to her to make a record. In reality, the classics of Yuefu such as "Zhan Cheng Nan", "East Gate Travel", "Fifteenth Military Expedition", "Mo Shangsang" and "Peacock Flying Southeast" handed down during the Han and Wei dynasties all have the above-mentioned "realistic" characteristics. This kind of folk "realism" is very valuable, and we call it "folk history", that is, the history written by the people themselves, which is equivalent to someone's biography or unofficial memorabilia. Why do you say that? In the modern official revision of history, the emperor's generals and the change of dynasty are a big meal, and the biography of the concubine and the strange power are just small dishes, and the folk are trivial and petty, and the history books do not show it. Through the form of folk song creation, the common people dictated some of the things they saw and experienced that they thought were meaningful, and after the polishing of the folk literati, they were collected by the government and sorted out a little, which became the lyrics of Yuefu and passed on to the world. They can be supplemented by historical materials, and their authenticity is comparable to local chronicles and literati notes. Looking for the possibility of Mulan joining the army on behalf of her father from the historical materials of the Northern Wei Dynasty Some people are more serious, saying that there is another story of Mulan in "Romance of the Sui and Tang Dynasties". That's right, what does that mean? Emperor Gong of Sui reigned for less than half a year, and he was still the puppet of Tang Gaozu Li Yuanli. Did the people of the Central Plains call the Son of Heaven a "khan"? "The general died in a hundred battles, and the strong man returned in ten years", how to comment on this sentence? In the official documents of the Northern Wei Dynasty, before the reform of Emperor Xiaowen, the Son of Heaven was generally called "Khan", which is an indisputable fact. Going back a little, there are also people who call the Son of Heaven "Khan" in the Wuhu and Sixteen Kingdoms, but they can't find those who have fought continuously near Erguna in Inner Mongolia for more than ten years. Only the Northern Wei Emperor Taiwu Tuoba Tao fought a war with the Rouran tribe for 25 years, and after the reform of Emperor Xiaowen, the government and the opposition were fully sinicized, and there was no longer the title of "Khan". In other words, if Mulan has a history, she should live in the Tuoba Tao era. Regarding Mulan's origin, there is also a lot of controversy now. Some say that she is from Qianjun, some say that she is from Songzhou, some say that she is from Huangzhou, and some say that she is from Shangqiu. If you are familiar with historical materials, these controversies are actually not controversies, because the historical Qiaojun, Songzhou, Shangqiu, etc., all refer to the area of Yucheng County, Shangqiu City, Henan. Shangqiu was originally the land of the Liu Song dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, and Tuoba Tao expelled the Liu Song forces in 433 and completed the unification of northern China in 439. It waged a war against Joran, which lasted 25 years, from 424 to 449. This time period is basically the same as the life of Mulan, who is currently on a lowly line. For example, Hua Mulan was born in 412, if it is established, then in 433 Shangqiu belonged to the Northern Wei Dynasty, and Mulan should be 21 years old, and she has the possibility of joining the army on behalf of her father in terms of age. Before the reform of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty, there was still a transition stage from slavery to feudalism, and the "Khan ordered soldiers" and "twelve volumes of military books, and the scrolls have the name of the master", etc., in line with the historical facts in advance, the slave owners or tribal leaders launched wars, and each family sent a man as a soldier. "Grandpa has no eldest son, Mulan has no eldest brother", from the perspective of filial piety, it is also possible for Mulan to join the army on behalf of her father. The story of Mulan's defense against Rouran at dusk after Tuoba Tao defeated Joseon and other Rouran tribes should occur during the period when six towns were set up in the northeast to defend the border, about 435 to 447 or 449. Because the two sides improved their relations through peace in 439, the trend of the war after the war mainly revolved around the contention of the Western Regions, and the northeast only had a large-scale war in 444. The rest of the time, there were basically no big battles. At the time of Mulan's victory, he was about 35 or 37 years old, and the imperial court named him Shang Shulang, which was not out of line. In the early stage of the sinicization of the Northern Wei Dynasty, slaves could obtain the status of freemen by virtue of their military exploits, and the military exploits of freemen accumulated to the point of "twelve turns of military meritorious", and they could also become officials. And although Shang Shulang's official position is close to the center, his level is not large, and he is subordinate to Shang Shutai, compared with middle and high-level officials such as Lang Zhong and Shilang, he is still a cut behind. There is no definite record in history, but many historians and scholars have recognized whether Mulan really has a person? At present, the most common thing in academic circles is five words -- "There is no definite record in history books." However, the Tang Dynasty poets Bai Juyi and Du Mu, the Southern Song Dynasty scholar Cheng Dachang, the Ming Dynasty scholar Xu Wenchang, and the Qing Dynasty historians Yao Shifu and Song Yuting all believed that Mulan did have its own people, but the background was different. These people are not only literary scholars, but also university scholars who have studied economics and history well, and they will not talk nonsense out of thin air. The "Shangqiu County Chronicles", written in the Qing Dynasty, is also worth referencing, which states: "...... and return home, release their clothes, and wear their old clothes. The companions were shocked, so they heard about it. summoned to go to Que, and wanted to be included in the palace. Mulan said: 'The minister has no courtesy comparable to the king', refused with a death oath, and was forced to comply, so he committed suicide. The emperor was amazed, posthumously presented the general, and said 'filial piety'. The historical data of the county chronicle is based on the inscription of the Yuan Dynasty "The Statue of General Xiaolie is identified". The first half is either reliable. Because the early Northern Wei Dynasty implemented the ethnic policy of "tidying up the people and distinguishing the surnames", it seemed to improve the status of the Han bureaucrats, but in fact, the Xianbei nobles and their branches were still only blood-based, and the historians basically followed this principle in their narration of history. The author's inference is that Hua Mulan may have been a Xianbei slave who immigrated to Shangqiu and became a nobleman with her military exploits, and that the Book of Wei and the Northern History should have had her biography, but "to hear about the incident", her daughter (daughter) was exposed and committed the crime of defrauding the monarch. In the second half, it is said that Mulan was forcibly accepted as a concubine by Tuoba Tao and committed suicide, which is absolutely impossible. Tuoba Tao was first a military strategist, and then a politician. The strategy of a military strategist lies not only in how to win a battle, but also in cherishing the soldiers and consolidating the morale of the army. For example, he rewarded the soldiers who were "loyal to the festival" in the war, promoted to the rank of knight, and rewarded the population and livestock, gold, silver, and antiques, etc., and was by no means stingy. As a generation of enlightened monarchs, and Tuoba Tao, who can respect Confucius and advocate Confucianism, marrying him as a concubine may be a kind of praise, but it is not enough to bully men and women. Of course, if it is true, the historian will also "hide for His Holiness" and will not record it. To sum up, please believe that a generation of women Mulan does have a history, her legend does not belong to any ruling class, but to the lenient people, and her filial piety, loyalty, and courage are all virtues shared by our national family. Excerpt from Beijing Youth Daily