In recent days, the author has talked to you about the legalization of prostitutes in Germany, the Netherlands and other countries. Today, we talk about the story of the transformation of prostitutes after the founding of New China. Please note that it is important to emphasize that all kinds of prostitution are strictly prohibited by our laws. For this series of activities, the public security organs will carry out a severe crackdown. In 1951, china filmed a film about the transformation of prostitutes, "Sisters and Sisters Stand Up". Seriously, this movie is very poignant. Today, we will talk about this movie and the big era of that year.
First of all, let's talk about the origin of the Qinglou. The Qinglou appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, beginning with the State of Qi, and is said to be founded by the famous Qi State Minister Guan Zhong. At that time, Qi merchants often sold young women from Qin and Jin countries to the Qi state as prostitutes. In view of the flooding of qinglou, the dynasties in ancient history have not been completely eliminated. Some dynasties only cracked down on those who were prostitutes, and had no impact on those formal Qinglou. In ancient history, the banks of the Qinhuai River in Jinling and the Slender West Lake in Yangzhou were all places where Qinglou gathered. For example, during the reign of the Ming and Qing dynasties, there was also the saying "Qin Huai Bayan". In the Beijing area, it is known as the "Eight Hutongs", and there is even a poem about the Eight Hutongs: "Restaurants and prostitutes are in the second row, and thousands of homes are lit up in the street." From the knowledge of the world's reverence for business drama, the business of the eight hutongs is good. ”
With the development and gradual regularization of the Qinglou, the Qinglou must be registered with the official government and can only be operated by a brand issued by the official government. In the TV series "Yongzheng Dynasty", in the face of the officials and troops who came to seal, the old bustard had a classic sentence: "We can put a sign in the serious courtyard of Suncheon Province." In fact, various similar brothels are divided into 4 levels, namely: the first-class brothel is called "Qing yin small class", the second-class is called "tea room", the third-class is called "lower place", and the last class is the well-known "kiln" In various costume dramas, the prostitute images appear, which are basically first-class and second-class prostitutes, and do not represent the majority. In fact, the lives of prostitutes at the grassroots level are very miserable, especially in the year of famine.
In ancient times, the official government only cracked down on those who were secretly prostitutes, and as for those registered Qinglou, they could pay a certain fee every year. In terms of brothels, the "bone is very hard" Ming Dynasty is a must. The Ming Dynasty established the famous Jiaofang Division, and the wives and daughters of those who committed official duties were sent to the Jiaofang Division and reduced to "official prostitutes." "I have to say that as a national regime, it is really incredible to be able to do such a thing." After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, inheriting the rules and regulations of the Ming Dynasty in all aspects, the number of Qinglou did not decrease, and there were signs of an increase. In the later period of Qing rule, due to a series of natural disasters such as the diversion of the Yellow River, locust plagues, droughts, and economic invasions by Western powers, a large number of craftsmen were bankrupt. For example, the textile industry in the Jiangnan region, once famous, nearly collapsed at the end of the Qing Dynasty.
Under such circumstances, the people began to sell their children and daughters, and some of them became prostitutes. In Mr. Lao She's work "The Tea House", Liu Mazi is a trafficker who specializes in buying and selling women and children. Of course, who has the Heavenly Dao been reincarnated and spared? Liu Mazi was eventually executed. After the fall of the Qing Dynasty, although the Beiyang warlord regime nominally abolished the system of prostitutes. However, due to the seriousness of the warlords' scuffles, the warlords were busy fighting, and no one paid any attention to the problem of the Qinglou. For example, many warlords themselves have several concubines, and some concubines are from the Qinglou. After the end of the Northern Expedition in 1928, the Nanjing regime tried to impose a ban on prostitution. However, after a period of implementation, it was found that it could not be implemented at all.
Because many dignitaries and dignitaries themselves are regular visitors to the Qinglou, they cannot carry it out at all. As a result, the anti-prostitution movement advocated in the late 1920s eventually came to an end. In the 1930s and 1940s, due to a series of wars and natural disasters, many women were forced to become prostitutes. For example, in 1940, 1941 and 1942, Henan suffered three consecutive years of drought, and the road to escape from the famine was very difficult, because there was no food, and the branches and leaves of various plants became food. As more and more people were affected, tree bark and grass roots became the main food. People kept falling on the road, but no one buried them, because the people around them did not have the strength to dig the pits. At that time, buying a little boy could act as an adopted son. According to some literati, many young women were transported to Luohe, Zhoujiakou and other places for sale.
As for the price of the sale, it has reached a miserable level. According to records at the time, a young woman's price was only 10 pounds of millet. Even girls who can read and hyphenate sell up to 15 pounds of millet. Some women, seeing that their families were about to starve to death, took the initiative to find traffickers to sell themselves. Sacrificing oneself in exchange for the survival of the whole family is very miserable. The way out for these women is completely different, and some women are sold to large families to work as women, which is the happiest way out. Other women were sold to other families as daughters-in-law. The most tragic way out is to be sold into the Qinglou. After being trafficked, he and his family may be separated from each other from now on. According to the records of some literati, the women who were trafficked were sluggish and desperate.
There are also women who are reluctant to be separated from their families but have to work in the Qinglou. In western Henan, the prostitute's daily income is about 80 yuan, and after deducting 20 yuan of accommodation fees and 30 yuan of management fees, she only has 30 yuan left. What can you do for 30 yuan? About 1 kilogram of miscellaneous grains can be purchased, and then use this 1 kilogram of miscellaneous grains to feed the whole family, of course, if you do not have enough to eat, you will not die of hunger. Fast forward to the late 1940s, the very beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China. In 1949, after the peaceful liberation of Peiping. The problem of prostitutes has attracted attention from all sides. At that time, there were more than 1,400 registered prostitutes in the Peiping area alone, in addition, there were a large number of secret prostitutes, which is commonly known as "secret doors".
Shanghai has always been one of the most prosperous areas in the country, with more prostitutes. In the late 1940s, there were thousands of registered prostitutes, and with the addition of prostitutes, some speculated that the total number would exceed 30,000. In other parts of the country, there will be a large number of prostitutes in the capital cities and some of the more prosperous cities. In October 1949, the People's Republic of China was founded. In November, the country began to close all brothels and reform prostitutes. The first is to seal all the green buildings and gather all the prostitutes in the remodeling house.
In addition, based on a series of existing clues, look for the dark prostitutes scattered in various areas. Because many prostitutes are from poor backgrounds, forced by life, or have lost their families. For the reform of prostitutes, the requirements of the superiors are: do not scold, and actively do ideological work. At that time, some prostitutes smoked opium. For these people, active treatment is carried out to strive to quit drug addiction in the shortest possible time. In addition, there are a number of prostitutes suffering from infectious diseases, and the investment in these people is even greater. At that time, the cadres of the Women's Federation actively publicized a series of policies to benefit the people of the state, for example, land reform had been carried out in various places and land could be allocated. The bandits in their hometown have been eliminated, and the masses everywhere have begun to put into the resumption of production, and so on. At the same time, the strict prohibition of prostitution was emphasized.
After a period of persuasion and education, most prostitutes have rehabilitated and started a new life. Of the more than 1,400 prostitutes in the Peiping area, more than 500 chose to marry, no different from other housewives. More than 400 people returned to their hometowns and were given their own arable land. The rest of the people, go into the factory or do some small business. The situation in the Peiping area is only a representative, and a similar situation has emerged in other parts of the country. After more than a year of hard work, the problem of prostitution, which has lasted for thousands of years, has been basically solved. For the success of the transformation of prostitutes, many foreign newspapers spoke highly of it: "New China has really fulfilled its promise to turn ghosts into people." ”
Let's talk specifically about the 1951 film "Sisters and Sisters Stand Up", which reflects the tragic life of prostitutes in the old era and the positive transformation of prostitutes in New China. What you may not know, though, is that the film was made in the summer of 1950. At that time, many of the actresses in the film were themselves prostitutes of the old times who had been devastated. For example, Mrs. Cui, the old bustard in the movie, is called "Rouge Tiger." "This woman's performance is very wonderful, with viciousness in her bones, making the audience grit their teeth." In fact, this woman was only 29 years old at the time, and she was born as a devastated prostitute, and the old times urged people to grow old. During the filming of the film, there were scenes of Mrs. Cui beating up the new prostitute.
At that time, "Mrs. Cui" often couldn't shoot it, squatting on the ground and crying bitterly. Because, she thought of her own tragic experience. When you think about it, it's very sad. Li Lingyun, the actor who plays Rouge Tiger, once played the same vicious role in the drama "The Millennium Ice River Opens", and the people watching the play saw the passion and couldn't help but throw the peel on her. Cui Beard and Rouge Tiger are actually based on the famous Huang Shuqing and Huang Wanshi couples in Beijing at the time of liberation. In the movie, there is a scene where a prostitute is buried alive before she dies. Among them, this plot has real historical reasons, the prostitutes in The Brothel of Huang Wan's brothel escaped, and after being caught, they were beaten to death in the brothel, and before they could breathe, they were dragged out and buried.