#长文创作激励计划#
Many netizens may not know that Li Zicheng, the king of Chuang, is actually still a one-eyed dragon, in the fourteenth year of Chongzhen (1641), Li Zicheng once led the three major Kaifeng, Kaifeng city wall is tall and strong, plus the fierce general Chen Yongfu defended the city, Li Zicheng led the army to besiege Kaifeng three times, all of which captured Kaifeng. When the second attack opened the city, Li Zicheng personally led his troops to command the siege in front, because Li Zicheng was too far in command, so he was shot in the left eye by Chen Yongfu, the general soldier of Kaifeng, so the second attack on Kaifeng failed again! In May, Li Zicheng led his troops to attack Kaifeng again but failed to capture Kaifeng, which shows that Chen Yongfu's ability to defend the city is still very strong, which is also the reason why Li Zicheng was entrusted with important tasks later!
In the sixteenth year of Chongzhen (1643), Chen Yongfu and Sun Chuanting attacked Li Zicheng and were defeated by Li Zicheng, Li Zicheng sent someone to recruit Chen Yongfu, but Chen Yongfu was worried about revenge because he had shot Li Zicheng's left eye before, and Li Zicheng also knew Chen Yongfu's concerns, so Li Zicheng swore that Chen Yongfu had blinded his left eye before. Since Li Zicheng promised like this, and Li Zicheng has the possibility of seizing the world, Li Zicheng will not pursue himself anymore if he becomes his own reputation, so Chen Yongfu took the opportunity to vote for Li Zicheng.
After Chen Yongfu voted for Li Zicheng's Dashun army, Li Zicheng attached great importance to Chen Yongfu, entrusted him with important tasks, and was named the general of Quan, Chen Yongfu's status in the Dashun army was second only to Liu Zongmin and Tian Jianxiu, who had been following Li Zicheng. Li Zicheng entrusted Chen Yongfu with a heavy responsibility, which was a signal, and soon, the generals of the Ming army in Shaanxi, Henan, Hubei, Hebei, Shanxi and other places threw themselves into Li Zicheng.
In the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644), Li Zicheng led most of the Dashun army to Beijing, and the Dashun army captured Beijing without much effort. Then the good times did not last long, Li Zicheng failed to deal with the relationship with Wu Sangui, let Wu Sangui surrender and then defected, and underestimated the attitude and combat power of the Eight Banners Army, Li Zicheng fought a decisive battle with Wu Sangui and the main force of the Eight Banners in Shanhaiguan, and after the Eight Banners joined the Wu and Li melee battle, Li Zicheng was defeated and retreated.
Soon the Dashun army withdrew from Beijing and retreated westward, followed by the Eight Banners Army and the Ming Army's border army, and Shanxi became an important barrier to defend against the westward advance of the Eight Banners. Shanxi's geographical location is very important, it can be attacked and defended, and it can be taken east to Beijing, and it is an important barrier for Li Zicheng's base camp, Li Zicheng made a deployment to Shanxi when he retreated west through Shanxi, and handed over Taiyuan to Chen Yongfu, who had shot his left eye, to defend it, because Chen Yongfu was good at defending before Li Zicheng surrendered, so that Li Zicheng returned empty-handed! Taiyuan is guarded by Jiang Xuan, the general soldier of Datong, the border pass of the Ming army! Datong and Taiyuan form a horn trend. Subsequently, Li Ziben led his troops from Shanxi to Shaanxi and entered Guanzhong, preparing to rely on the base camp in order to make a comeback.
Because Shanxi is too close to Beijing, the Qing court that has just entered the customs must not be able to sleep well, so the regent Dolgon took the method of surrendering and attacking at the same time to deal with the Dashun army in Shanxi, and appointed Wu Weihua, the commander of the Ming Dynasty, to recruit the envoy to Shanxi, so that he could first recruit the old Ming army in Shanxi, Li Zicheng's foundation in Shanxi was not deep, and soon most of the old Ming army in Shanxi defected to the Qing court. Especially when Jiang Huang, the general soldier of Datong, surrendered to Li Zicheng, he pitted his teammates, and this time he pitted his teammates, after Jiang Huang voted for the Qing court, soon, most of Shanxi voted for the Qing court, and Taiyuan became an isolated city, but Chen Yongfu was courteous to Li Zicheng, loyal to Li Zicheng, and determined to defend Taiyuan City to repay Li Zicheng's kindness!
In order to defend Taiyuan, Chen Yongfu executed more than 1,000 people from the Ming Dynasty's vassal clan in Taiyuan, and sent a large number of old Ming officials, widows, and young people to Xi'an to prevent them from making trouble. He led the defenders to strengthen the defense of Taiyuan City, and cleared the wilderness. At the same time, the Ding Zhuang formation in the city cooperated with the defenders to defend Taiyuan City.
The Eight Banners Army and the retinue of the Ming army continued to attack the city, but they were all repelled by the defenders of the city, and the Qing army under the city suffered heavy casualties. In the end, the Qing army transferred Hongyi cannons, continued to bombard the Taiyuan city wall, and finally the city wall was blown up, a large number of Qing troops entered the city, Chen Yongfu led the troops to highlight the city, Chen Yongfu and Shanxi Jiedu made Han Wenquan lead the army to strive to highlight the Qing army's encirclement, and was intercepted by the Qing army on the way to the south, Chen Yongfu and Han Wenquan finally died on the battlefield, most of the Dashun army fought at the last moment, only a few voted for the Qing court! But as long as Li Zicheng has more than a dozen generals like Chen Yongfu under his hands, why worry about the great cause!
Since then, the barrier of Li Zicheng's base camp in Guanzhong has been greatly opened, and the Qing army has quickly captured northern Shaanxi, and the Qing army in the direction of northern Shaanxi has joined the Qing army in the east of Tongguan to attack Guanzhong, and Li Zicheng finally retreated from Qinling to Hubei! In the end, he was attacked and killed in Jiugong Mountain, Hubei! At this point, Li Zicheng's Dashun army was leaderless and fell apart, and part of the old Dashun army fought against the Qing army alone, and the other part of the old Dashun army voted for Nanming and fought against the Qing army together with Nanming!
Now there are different theories on the Internet about Li Zicheng's final whereabouts, and the official record is that Li Zicheng was attacked and killed by mountain people in Jiugong Mountain, and even said that Li Zicheng became a monk. But I think the possibility of becoming a monk is almost zero, although Li Zicheng withdrew from Guanzhong at that time, but Li Zicheng's troops still occupy the area south of Henan and the north of Hubei, and there are still hundreds of thousands of troops, and they are fully capable of making a comeback. Many people may think that Li Zicheng's base camp is Shaanxi, but in fact, after Li Zicheng came out of Shangluo Mountain, he mainly developed and grew in the south of Henan and the north of Hubei, and this area is Li Zicheng's base camp in the real sense. In other words, at this time, Li Zicheng has no need to become a monk at all, and the team under his command is still there, so it can be said that Li Zicheng's strength at this time is no worse than Nanming! At this time, there is still a chance to make a comeback!
Since it is impossible to be a monk, but Li Zicheng suddenly disappeared in the long river of history in the second year of Shunzhi (1645), there is only one explanation, that is, Li Zicheng did have an accident that year, and was attacked by the mountain people when he took a few people to explore the road, or was attacked by the Qing army, in short, Li Zicheng had an accident in the mountains of Hubei in the second year of Shunzhi. Because Li Zicheng left a little suddenly, he didn't have time to arrange the aftermath. The remnants of the Dashun Army continued to resist the Qing Dynasty under the leadership of Li Zicheng's wife Gao Guiying, nephew Li Guo, and other generals.
However, because Li Zicheng did not have time to arrange the heir before the attack, Li Zicheng was only 39 years old at this time, just in the prime of life, Li Zicheng left, Li Zicheng had no son, and there was no general who could take over Li Zicheng's position among the remaining generals, and the general Liu Zongmin died with Li Zicheng at that time, and Tian Jianxiu had already been cleared. This is a very important reason for the failure of the Dashun army, if Li Zicheng has a son like Li Guo at this time (although Li Guo is Li Zicheng's nephew, but he is not much younger than Li Zicheng), sitting in the center of the Dashun army, with the assistance of the generals of the Dashun army, there is still a chance to make a comeback! Of course, you can also train nephews or generals, but according to Li Zicheng's assumption, it should be two more sons after Dingding Central Plains to choose excellent successors, and it will be a trouble to rashly train nephews and generals. But these are beyond Li Zicheng's expectations!
In fact, another very important reason for the defeat of Li Zicheng's Dashun army was the strategic mistake of the Dashun army in 1644. As we all know, Li Zicheng took his nephew Li Guo to start an incident in the second year of Chongzhen, and then moved to several provinces in the south. In the ninth year of Chongzhen (1636), there was a major setback, and only 17 people were left to hide in Shangluo Mountain in southern Shaanxi. In the next two or three years, due to the containment of the Eighth Banner Army in the north, Li Zicheng was able to lead his troops to develop. In the twelfth year of Chongzhen (1639), Li Zicheng led thousands of people to kill after three years of development in Shangluo Mountain, opened warehouses and put grain everywhere in the land of Henan, and held the famous "Fulu Banquet" in Luoyang, four or five years, Li Zicheng fought in Henan, Shaanxi, Hubei provinces, and soon incorporated Shaanxi, Henan, Hubei, Gansu and other places into the Dashun army, and formally established the Dashun regime in Beijing in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen (1644). Since then, Li Zicheng has no problem strategically.
At this time, there are three choices in front of Li Zicheng, the first choice is to go north directly to capture Beijing, the second choice is to go south to Jiangnan to seize the rich land, and the third choice is to recuperate. In history, Li Zicheng chose to go north, and from our current perspective, it is not cost-effective to go north, because there are still Qing troops in the north, which also indirectly caused a series of subsequent failures. Li Zicheng should learn from Zhu Yuanzhang's strategy of accumulating grain and slowing down the king, take the third option, delay it for three years, and use three years to completely consolidate Shaanxi, Henan, Gansu, and Hubei provinces, and then capture Shanxi and consolidate Shanxi, cut off the connection between Chongzhen and Jiangnan, go south to capture Nanjing and Hangzhou, and level the foundation of the Ming Dynasty in Jiangnan in one fell swoop.
The above military deployment was possible with the strength of the Dashun army at that time, but at the same time, it was necessary to win over the hearts of the corporal and the people of the world, and implement benevolent governance in the provinces occupied by the Dashun army, so as to gather the hearts of the people. In less than three or five years, the Dashun army was strong and strong, and the places of Guanzhong, Henan, and Jiangnan needed grain and grain, soldiers and soldiers, and talents. It is best to leave Chongzhen to the Qing army to solve, so that only the Qing army can be solved at that time, even if the Qing army is watching the fire from the other side, and the Dashun army is recuperating and developing, but at that time, the place occupied by the Eight Banners was less than one province in Henan in terms of personnel and food production, so there is no need to worry about this.
After three or five years of recuperation, Li Zicheng led an elite army of 500,000 (in order to deal with the cavalry of the Eight Banners, the cavalry of the old Ming army and the Dashun army were concentrated in recent years, and a cavalry of more than 50,000 people was trained) to Beijing and took Beijing without much effort. At this time, give Wu Sangui three guts, and he can also tell which is more powerful, the Eight Banners Army and the Dashun Army! At this time, don't say that the Eight Banners Army only has tens of thousands, even if the Eight Banners Army has 100,000, they don't dare to have any ideas about the Dashun Army, which is worthy of being praised.
This was Li Zicheng's biggest strategic failure after establishing power in Xi'an. Similarly, Li Zicheng's strategy after withdrawing from Beijing after the failed sneak attack by the Eight Banners Army at Shanhaiguan was also very wrong. If Li Zicheng wants to hold Guanzhong, he must hold Shanxi, and if he wants to hold Shanxi, he will hold Shaanxi, and he will hold Guanzhong, but Li Zicheng will not leave much of the main force in Shanxi, and most of the guards will be old generals of the Ming army, and the foundation of the Dashun Army in Shanxi is not deep at all. So it was quickly captured by the Qing army. Subsequently, it led to a series of subsequent defeats, and after Shanxi was captured by the Qing army, the Qing army quickly captured northern Shaanxi, and directly attacked the north and east of Guanzhong, and Guanzhong naturally could not hold it.
Today, let's look back at this period of history, Li Zicheng's strategy after withdrawing from Beijing should be to focus on defending Shanxi, with Li Zicheng himself or Liu Zongmin guarding Shanxi, and placing half of the main force of the Dashun Army in Shanxi, and holding Shanxi, it will also hold Guanzhong. Because as long as the main force of the Dashun army occupies Shanxi, it can not only attack Beijing in the east, but also cut off the logistics of the Qing army going south, so that Dolgon has two dares He does not dare to send troops south to attack Tongguan or to attack Nanming, as long as he sends troops forward, the main force of the Dashun army in Shanxi can take advantage of the weakness to capture Beijing, cut off the retreat of the Qing army in the south, or use one to contain the Qing army in the north, and the other to attack the Qing army in the south with the Dashun army in Guanzhong. The remaining half of the main force focuses on the old land of the Dashun Army, northern Shaanxi (Yulin, Yan'an, Shaanxi), Guanzhong (Xi'an), Gansu, southern Henan (south of Henan), and northern Hubei (north of Hubei), and has returned to the situation that Li Zicheng has just established power in Xi'an in the seventeenth year of Chongzhen! Recharge your energy like this and wait and see what happens!
Some netizens may ask, if Li Zicheng's army adopts the above strategy, the Qing army will definitely be able to see Li Zicheng's strategy clearly, so it will definitely spare no effort to attack Shanxi, this is for sure, the Qing army cannot go south without solving the Shanxi Dashun army, so once Li Zicheng's army adopts the above strategy, the Dashun army and the Qing army will start a decisive battle in Shanxi. At this time, it is to see who can survive to the end, that is, whose logistics strength is stronger, obviously Li Zicheng's strength is stronger, Li Zicheng can continue to transport grain and grass soldiers to Shanxi through the Yuncheng-Linfen-Taiyuan line. At this time, although Li Zicheng could not hold out after the Eight Banners Army joined the Battle with Wu Sangui in Shanhaiguan and lost part of the main force of the Dashun Army, the Dashun Army still occupied Shaanxi, Gansu, southern Henan, northern Hubei and Shanxi at this time, and occupied a dominant position in the number of soldiers.
Many netizens may say that what if the Nanming army goes north to copy the back road of the Dashun army at this time, then you will look down on the Nanming gang, and Li Zicheng can send a general to solve the rabble!
As long as Li Zicheng takes Shanxi as a strategic center after launching Beijing City, the Qing army can't afford to spend it, this is a yang conspiracy, not to mention Dolgon and an orphan and widow, that is, Huang Taiji and Nurha Chiye will have to be consumed in Shanxi together!
Li Zicheng's Dashun army is really uneasy! The defeat of Li Zicheng's Dashun army was summed up as two strategic failures and one accident! In 1644, there were two strategic failures, and in 1645 Li Zicheng and a group of generals were attacked again, if he failed to be attacked, I think Li Zicheng would reflect on the strategic mistakes in 1644, and he will definitely make a comeback after reorganization, but it's a pity! Who would have thought that more than 20 people in Zicheng were attacked, and after that, there was no Qing opponent in the Central Plains, which changed the trend of history!